Šarplaninac
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| Šarplaninac Illyrian Shepherd Dog | |||||||||
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 Šarplaninac | |||||||||
| Other names | Sharrplaninatz Yugoslav Shepherd Dog-Šarplaninac Sharr Mountain Dog Illyrian Sheepdog Deltari Ilir | ||||||||
| Common nicknames | Planinac Šar Шарко Šarko | ||||||||
| Origin |  Serbia,  Republic of Macedonia[1] [2]) | ||||||||
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| Dog (domestic dog) | |||||||||
The Šarplaninac (pronounced shar-pla-NEE-natz) or Sharplaninac, also known as Yugoslav Shepherd Dog or Illyrian Shepherd Dog , is an ancient livestock guarding dog breed from the mountain region of former southeastern Yugoslavia[3][4] now the south of Serbia[a] and the north of Republic of Macedonia.The Šarplaninac was first registered by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1939 as the Illyrian Shepherd dog, after the ancient name of the region.[3][4] In 1957 the General Assembly of the F.C.I. accepted a motion proposed by the Yugoslavian Federation of Cynology to change the name of the breed to "Yugoslavian Shepherd Dog Šarplanina", after the Šar Mountains Located in Serbia, Macedonia, and Albania (Šar Planina in Macedonian & Serbian language ) where the breed is most common.[3][4]
Appearance
The Šarplaninac is a large, muscular, strongly-built dog. The body is slightly longer than the height at the withers, and the front legs account for approximately 55% of the height. The head is large but proportional to the body, with dark eyes.
Size
The Šarplaninac is a robust, well proportioned dog with plenty of bone, of a size that is well above the average and with a thick, long, rather coarse coat that emphasizes the short coupled appearance.
- Height in Male Dogs: 65-75 cm (25 inches and above)
- Height in Female Dogs: 60-70 cm (22 inches and above)
- Weight in Male Dogs: 45 kg - 90 kg (90 lbs)
- Weight in Female Dogs: 40 kg - 85 kg (80 lbs)
Coat
The coat is dense and medium in length, it can be rough or smooth. The coat is also about four inches (10 cm) long. The coat will benefit from occasional brushing. All Šarplaninac types are solid in colour: tan, iron grey, white or almost black. The colour need not be completely uniform, and most Šarplaninac have several different shades of the same colour fading into one another. There are no bicolours and no uniformly black-coated dogs among purebreds, but odd-coloured specimens do exist.
Colour
Usually sable or gray with darker "overalls" on the head and back, the undercoat being paler. Almost all other colours are accepted, but the dogs must not have large white patches in their coat. There are several varieties of colors, by frequency of occurrence: Tiger Color with 30%, grey color with all the varieties 20%, Yellow color with black muzzle 20%, white color 20% and counter mask (muzzle).
Temperament
The temperament of the breed is described as independent, reliable, protective but not snappy, incorruptible and devoted to its master. The breed is aloof with outsiders, and calm until a threat to the flock presents itself. The breed has a extremely protective nature. In the absence of a flock of sheep, the Šarplaninac will often treat its humans as sheep - herding them away from danger or undesirable areas. They are serene and majestic, gentle with children and smaller dogs. They are also highly intelligent and bred to work without human supervision while guarding the flocks in the high pastures. Young pups can kill small animals until trained not to hunt.
Working life
The Šarplaninac is a reserved and intuitive breed, stubborn and undemonstrative, but properly trained and handled with authority, it excels at a variety of tasks. Dog-aggression and wariness of strangers are common traits of the Šarplaninac, which is why early socialization is of utmost importance. Heavily-boned and muscular, the dog has a full top-coat, with an abundant dense undercoat, making it weatherproof and suited for an outside life.
The Šarplaninac has been known to fight or chase off a wolf, lynx and even Balkan bears.
The breed can also work cattle and serve as a guard dog.
It was first used as a military dog in 1928 by the army of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and later under Josip Broz Tito in the communist Yugoslavia.
The Šarplaninac is spreading through North American ranches as a sheep herding dog and a livestock guardian. Since 1975, successful exports have been carried out to the United States and Canada to control coyotes, and this is where its future security rests. It is now gaining recognition as a hard-working, able flock guard in those countries.
History
Its origin is not clear, it is believed that their ancestors were the indigenous livestock guarding dogs influenced by ancient Molossian dogs of Greece and the fighting mastiffs of Turkey which accompanied the Ottomans.[3][4] The breed was initially recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1939 as the Illyrian Shepherd Dog. In 1957, at the request of the Yugoslav Canine Federation (JKS), the FCI changed the name to Yugoslav Shepherd Dog-Šarplaninac, after the Šar Mountains (Šar Planina in Serbian) where the breed is most common.[3][4] The image of the Šarplaninac is featured on the reverse of the Macedonian 1 denar coin, issued in 1993,[5] and on the emblem of Dragaš, a town in southern Kosovo, located in the Šar Mountains region.[6]
Notes and references
Notes:
| a. | ^ Template:Kosovo-note |
References
- ^ ,fci.be The Fédération Cynologique Internationale
- ^ Official FCI-Standard N° 41
- ^ a b c d e United Kennel Club: Official U.K.C. Breed Standard, Revised 1 April 1998. – Retrieved on 20 November 2008.
- ^ a b c d e Fédération Cynologique Internationale: Official FCI-Standard N° 41, Published 24 November 1970. – Retrieved on 20 November 2008.
- ^ National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia. Macedonian currency: Coins in circulation. – Retrieved on 20 November 2008.
- ^ Municipal Assembly of Dragaš. – Retrieved on 20 November 2008.
External links
- FCI-Site Sarplaninac.
- Sharplaninec. The king of Cadinae
- International Sarplaninac Club
- Dog Breed Info - Sarplaninac
- Sharplaninec.com