JavaBeans
JavaBeans are reusable software components for Java that can be manipulated visually in a builder tool. Practically, they are classes written in the Java programming language conforming to a particular convention. They are used to encapsulate many objects into a single object (the bean), so that they can be passed around as a single bean object instead of as multiple individual objects. A JavaBean is a Java Object that is serializable, has a nullary constructor, and allows access to properties using getter and setter methods.
JavaBean conventions
In order to function as a JavaBean class, an object class must obey certain conventions about method naming, construction, and behavior. These conventions make it possible to have tools that can use, reuse, replace, and connect JavaBeans.
The required conventions are:
- The class must have a public default constructor. This allows easy instantiation within editing and activation frameworks.
- The class properties must be accessible using get, set, is(not that common) and other methods (so-called accessor methods and mutator methods), following a standard naming convention. This allows easy automated inspection and updating of bean state within frameworks, many of which include custom editors for various types of properties.
- The class should be serializable. This allows applications and frameworks to reliably save, store, and restore the bean's state in a fashion that is independent of the VM and platform.
JavaBean Example
PersonBean.java:
package beans;
/**
* Class <code>PersonBean</code>.
*/
public class PersonBean implements java.io.Serializable {
private String name;
private boolean deceased;
/** No-arg constructor (takes no arguments). */
public PersonBean() {
}
/**
* Property <code>name</code> (note capitalization) readable/writable.
*/
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
/**
* Setter for property <code>name</code>.
* @param name
*/
public void setName(final String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* Getter for property "deceased"
* Different syntax for a boolean field (is vs. get)
*/
public boolean isDeceased() {
return this.deceased;
}
/**
* Setter for property <code>deceased</code>.
* @param deceased
*/
public void setDeceased(final boolean deceased) {
this.deceased = deceased;
}
}
TestPersonBean.java:
import beans.PersonBean;
/**
* Class <code>TestPersonBean</code>.
*/
public class TestPersonBean {
/**
* Tester method <code>main</code> for class <code>PersonBean</code>.
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
PersonBean person = new PersonBean();
person.setName("Bob");
person.setDeceased(false);
// Output: "Bob [alive]"
System.out.print(person.getName());
System.out.println(person.isDeceased() ? " [deceased]" : " [alive]");
}
}
testPersonBean.jsp:
<% // Use of PersonBean in a JSP. %>
<jsp:useBean id="person" class="beans.PersonBean" scope="page"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="person" property="*"/>
<html>
<body>
Name: <jsp:getProperty name="person" property="name"/><br/>
Deceased? <jsp:getProperty name="person" property="deceased"/><br/>
<br/>
<form name="beanTest" method="POST" action="testPersonBean.jsp">
Enter a name: <input type="text" name="name" size="50"><br/>
Choose an option:
<select name="deceased">
<option value="false">Alive</option>
<option value="true">Dead</option>
</select>
<input type="submit" value="Test the Bean">
</form>
</body>
</html>
See also
- Microsoft COM, a component implementation on Microsoft Windows.