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Austria-Hungary in World War I, 1914-1918 : the War Economy
Austria had less of an industrial base than Germany, much of its industry concentrated in Bohemia and Moravia, the Czech lands, where the population was indifferent to the war effort, or worse. The government and army mainly drew its support from the German and Hungarian population groups. As elsewhere, the Austro-Hungarian government soon took control of the economy, planning the distribution of scarce raw materials, conscripting a workforce to replace the workers serving in uniform (many women had to work in offices, factories etc.). As the industry focused on war essentials (artillery, weapons, uniforms etc.), consumer goods (food, clothing, shoes etc.) became scarcer and scarcer. To ensure just distribution, coupons were introduced. As other countries, Austria asked its population to voluntarily contribute to the war effort by signing war bonds, to donate scarce materials (certain metals) etc. Yet Austria fared worse with the situation than Germany; Austrian writer HUGO VON HOFFMANNSTHAL, who supported the war effort by writing essays intended to boost morale, admired the superior German organization.
