Josué de Castro
Josué de Castro | |
|---|---|
| Born | 5 September 1908 Recife, Brazil |
| Died | 24 September 1973 (aged 65) Paris, France |
| Occupation(s) | Writer, physician, geographer, public administrator, diplomat, activist |
Josué de Castro, born Josué Apolônio de Castro (5 September 1908 in Recife – 24 September 1973 in Paris), was a Brazilian physician, expert on nutrition, geographer, writer, public administrator, and activist against world hunger.
His book Geopolitics of Hunger was granted with The Franklin D. Roosevelt Foundation Award, in 1952. Two years later, he received the International Peace Prize.
He taught at the University of Brazil (today's UFRJ) and was chairman of the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). He was also a member of the Brazilian parliament and a diplomat. His political rights came to an end with the military coup of 1964 in Brazil. He taught at Paris 8 University until his death.
Main Works
The Geography of Hunger
Ground-breaking ecological work about the political issue of hunger in Brazil. Published in 1946, the book emphasizes the socio-economic backgrounds of the biological manifestation of hunger and condemns the physical determinism.[1]
The Geopolitics of Hunger
Originally published in the U.S. with the misleading title of The Geography of Hunger in 1952, translated into 26 languages, is one of the classic works on food and population. His themes are very much the opposite of those sounded by the neo-Malthusians. He does not believe that hunger is the "natural result of overpopulation," but is rather a man-made phenomenon. Even more, he undertakes to demonstrate that hunger, rather than being the result of overpopulation, is the cause of it. The work presented new formulations for underdevelopment, and was granted with The Franklin D. Roosevelt Foundation Award.[2]
Death in the Northeast
A book that aims to strike the interest for the Northeast Brazilian people’s situation. Written before military coup of 1964, and published during the military dictatorship, it clarifies the political turmoil and explosive tensions around the Brazilian agrarian system, established by feudalist Portuguese colonizers.[3]
Of Men and Crabs
Exiled at Paris, he wrote about the scene of his childhood.