Cryogenic engineering

Cryogenic engineering is a sub stream of mechanical engineering dealing with cryogenics. and related very low temperature processes such as air liquefaction, cryogenic engines (for rocket propulsion), cryogenic surgery. Generally, temperatures below the boiling point of Nitrogen (77°K) comes under the purview of cryogenic engineering. This field of science also looks at what happens to a wide variety of materials from metals to gases when they are exposed to these temperatures.

Cryogenic engineering has been used to liquefy atmospheric gases such as Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Methane, Argon, Helium, and Neon. The gases are condensed, collected, distilled and separated. Methane is used in liquid natural gas (LNG), and oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen are used in rocket fuels and other aerospace and defense applications, in metallurgy and in various chemical processes. Helium is used in diving decompression chambers and to maintain suitably low temperatures for superconducting magnets, and neon is used in lighting.

Cryogenic engineering is a branch of engineering that utilizes cryogenics for various domestic, commercial, industrial, scientific, medical, aerospace and defense applications. For example, the Ground Support Systems at Kennedy Space Center for the Ares-I and Ares-V rockets in support of the NASA manned space program. Another is the DOE's Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution to develop advanced cryogenic refrigeration systems for cooling the next generation of electric power equipment based upon high-temperature superconductors. Cryogenic engineering plays an important role in unmanned aerial vehicle systems, infrared search and track sensors, missile warning receivers, satellite tracking systems, and a host of other commercial and military systems.

• • • • • Term "CROYOGENICS" and its history*****

    The study of cryogenics is started in 19th century due to race  between scientists for liquifying gases such as oxygen and hydrogen reaching ever-low temperature.Finally in 1908,Kamerllingh Onnes,figured out how to liquify Helium and then used it to discover phenomena of SUPERCONDUCTIVITY.Thus evolved the term "CRYOGENICS"
    Cryogenics is the nothing but the study of science and technology,generally below 120 Kelvin.(K)