Plaque reduction neutralization test
The Plaque reduction neutralization test is used to quantify the titre of neutralising antibody for a virus.
The serum sample or solution of antibody to be tested is diluted and mixed with a viral suspension. This is incubated to allow the antibody to react with the virus. This is poured over a confluent monolayer of host cells. The surface of the cell layer is covered in a layer of agar or carboxymethyl cellulose to prevent the virus from spreading indiscriminately. The concentration of plaque forming units can be estimated by the number of plaques (regions of infected cells) formed after a few days. Depending on the virus, the plaque forming units are measured by microscopic observation, florescent antibodies or specific dyes that react with infected cells.[1]
The concentration of serum to reduce the number of plaques by 50% compared to the serum free virus gives the measure of how much antibody is present or how effective it is. This measurement is denoted as the PRNT50 value.
Currently it is considered to be the "gold standard" for detecting and measuring antibodies that can neutralise the viruses that cause many diseases.[2][3] It has a higher sensitivity than other tests like hemagglutination and many commercial Enzyme immunoassay without compromising specificity.
However, the test is relatively cumbersome and time intensive (few days) relative to EIA kits that give quick results (usually several minutes to a few hours).
See also
References
- ^ Schmidt, N J (1976-07). "Plaque reduction neutralization test for human cytomegalovirus based upon enhanced uptake of neutral red by virus-infected cells" (PDF). Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 4 (1): 61–66. ISSN 0095-1137.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Thomas, Stephen J. (2009-11). "Dengue Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) in Primary and Secondary Dengue Virus Infections: How Alterations in Assay Conditions Impact Performance". The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 81 (5): 825–833. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2009.08-0625. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 274391. PMID 182716.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Ratnam, S (1995-04-01). "Comparison of commercial enzyme immunoassay kits with plaque reduction neutralization test for detection of measles virus antibody". J. Clin. Microbiol. 33 (4): 811–815. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
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