In mathematics, two-center bipolar coordinates is a coordinate system, based on two coordinates which give distances from two fixed centers, and .[1] This system is very useful in some [which?] scientific applications.[2][3]
Cartesian coordinates
Cartesian coordinates and polar coordinates.
The transformation to Cartesian coordinates from two-center bipolar coordinates is
where the centers of this coordinate system are at and .[1]
Polar coordinates
The transformation to polar coordinates from two-center bipolar coordinates is
where is the distance between the poles (coordinate system centers).