GROMACS
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Original author(s) | The GROMACS development teams at the Royal Institute of Technology and Uppsala University, Sweden |
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Initial release | 1991 |
Stable release | 5.0.2
/ 1 October 2014[1] |
Repository | |
Written in | C, C++, Assembly |
Operating system | Solaris, Linux, OS X, Windows by Cygwin, any other Unix variety |
Type | Molecular dynamics (simulation) |
License | GNU General Public License[2] for version < 4.6 and GNU Lesser General Public License for version >= 4.6 |
Website | www |
GROMACS (GROningen MAchine for Chemical Simulations) is a molecular dynamics package primarily designed for simulations of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. It was originally developed in the Biophysical Chemistry department of University of Groningen, and is now maintained by contributors in universities and research centers across the world.[3][4][5] GROMACS is one of the fastest and most popular software packages available,[6][7] and can run on CPUs as well as GPUs.[8] It is free, open source released under the GNU General Public License.[2] Starting from version 4.6, GROMACS is released under the GNU Lesser General Public License.
History
The GROMACS project was originally started in 1991 at Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Netherlands (1991-2000). The goal was to construct a dedicated parallel computer system for molecular simulations, based on a ring architecture. The molecular dynamics specific routines were rewritten in the C programming language from the Fortran77-based program GROMOS, which had been developed in the same group.[citation needed]
Since 2001 GROMACS is developed by the GROMACS development teams at the Royal Institute of Technology and Uppsala University, Sweden.
Features
GROMACS is extremely fast due to algorithmic and processor-specific optimization, typically running 3-10 times faster than many simulation programs. GROMACS is operated via the command-line, and can use files for input and output. GROMACS provides calculation progress and ETA feedback, a trajectory viewer, and an extensive library for trajectory analysis.[2] In addition, support for different force fields makes GROMACS very flexible. It can be executed in parallel, using MPI or threads. GROMACS contains a script to convert molecular coordinates from a PDB file into the formats it uses internally. Once a configuration file for the simulation of several molecules (possibly including solvent) has been created, the actual simulation run (which can be time consuming) produces a trajectory file, describing the movements of the atoms over time. This trajectory file can then be analyzed or visualized with a number of supplied tools.[9]
Easter eggs
As of January 2010[update], GROMACS' source code contains approximately 400 alternative acronyms to "GROMACS" as jokes among the developers and biochemistry researchers. These include "Gromacs Runs On Most of All Computer Systems", "Gromacs Runs One Microsecond At Cannonball Speeds", "Good ROcking Metal Altar for Chronical Sinner", "Working on GRowing Old MAkes el Chrono Sweat", and "Great Red Owns Many ACres of Sand". They are randomly selected to possibly appear in GROMACS's output stream. In one instance, one of these acronyms caused offense.[10]
Applications
Under a non-GPL license, GROMACS is widely used in the Folding@home distributed computing project for simulations of protein folding, where it the base code for the project's largest and most regularly used series of calculation cores.[11][12] EvoGrid, a distributed computing project to evolve artificial life, also employs GROMACS.[13]
See also
References
- ^ "Gromacs Downloads". gromacs.org. Retrieved 2014-10-03.
- ^ a b c "About Gromacs". gromacs.org. 16 August 2010. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
- ^ "People — Gromacs". gromacs.org. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ Van Der Spoel D, Lindahl E, Hess B, Groenhof G, Mark AE, Berendsen HJ (2005). "GROMACS: fast, flexible, and free". J Comput Chem. 26 (16): 1701–18. doi:10.1002/jcc.20291. PMID 16211538.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Hess B, Kutzner C, Van Der Spoel D, Lindahl E (2008). "GROMACS 4: Algorithms for Highly Efficient, Load-Balanced, and Scalable Molecular Simulation". J Chem Theory Comput. 4 (2): 435. doi:10.1021/ct700301q.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Carsten Kutzner, David Van Der Spoel, Martin Fechner, Erik Lindahl, Udo W. Schmitt, Bert L. De Groot, and Helmut Grubmüller (2007). "Speeding up parallel GROMACS on high-latency networks". Journal of Computational Chemistry. 28 (12): 2075–2084. doi:10.1002/jcc.20703. PMID 17405124.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Berk Hess, Carsten Kutzner, David van der Spoel, and Erik Lindahl (2008). "GROMACS 4: Algorithms for Highly Efficient, Load-Balanced, and Scalable Molecular Simulation". Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. 4 (3): 435–447. doi:10.1021/ct700301q.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "GPUs — Gromacs". gromacs.org. 20 January 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ "GROMACS flow chart". gromacs.org. 18 January 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ "Re: Working on Giving Russians Opium May Alter Current Situation". Folding@home. 17 January 2010. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
- ^ Pande lab (11 June 2012). "Folding@home Open Source FAQ" (FAQ). Folding@home. Stanford University. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- ^ Adam Beberg, Daniel Ensign, Guha Jayachandran, Siraj Khaliq, Vijay Pande (2009). "Folding@home: Lessons From Eight Years of Volunteer Distributed Computing" (PDF). Parallel & Distributed Processing, IEEE International Symposium: 1–8. doi:10.1109/IPDPS.2009.5160922. ISBN 978-1-4244-3751-1. ISSN 1530-2075.
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Markoff, John (29 September 2009). "Wanted: Home Computers to Join in Research on Artificial Life". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 June 2012.