Vydūnas

Vydūnas in 1930

Vydunas as featured on 200 litas banknote (1997 release)

Wilhelm Storost, artistic name Vilius Storostas-Vydūnas (22 March 1868 – 20 February 1953), mostly known as Vydūnas, was a Prussian-Lithuanian teacher, poet, humanist, philosopher and Lithuanian writer and philosopher, a leader of the Prussian Lithuanian national movement in Lithuania Minor, and one of leaders of the theosophical movement in East Prussia.

The Storost family was for centuries living in East-Prussia and Wilhelm was born in the East-Prussian village Jonaten (Lithuanian: Jonaičiai), near Heydekrug, in the Kingdom of Prussia. Wilhelm Storost was the name on his German passport, while Vilimas or Vilius Storostas was the literature Lithuanian form used by himself, his family, and other Lithuanians. "Vydūnas" was added to his surname as a pseudonym when he was about 40 years old. Storost was married to Klara Füllhase.

Storost was educated as teacher at the Präparandenanstalt in Pillkallen (1883–85) and at teacher seminar in Ragnit (1885–88). From 1888 to 1892 he was a teacher in Kinten (lit. Kintai), when he went to teach at a boys school in Tilsit until 1912 and taught German, French, English, Lithuanian and sports. In 1912 he left his teaching position in order to take up philosophical studies, which he took at the universities of Greifswald, Halle, Leipzig and Berlin. 1918/19 he taught Lithuanian at the Seminar for Oriental Languages in Berlin under the director Eduard Sachau. Back in Tilsit he dedicated himself to reestablishment of Lithuanian Culture, especially folks songs and rural traditions. He directed a choir and wrote songs as well as theater plays. From 1933 on he worked in Memel at the music school.

1932 he wrote a book Sieben Hundert Jahren Deutsch-Litauischer Beziehung (Seven Hundred Years German Lithuanian relations). His idea of understanding between folks groups did not please the Nazis and in 1933 the book was outlawed. 1938 he was shortly incarcerated, but because of protests released after two months.

Together with nearly all of the people of East Prussia he was expelled during Communist take-over and lived in a refugee camp for some time. He died in Detmold, West Germany. One of his nephews, Juergen Storost, recently explained, that Wilhelm Storost's choice of the pen name Vydunas was, because "he wished everyone everything good".

Vydūnas was active in the old Lithuanian pagan religion (see Romuva). However, he never declared the revival of the pagan religion as either his personal goal or a goal of Lithuanians, remaining a national leader but not a religious one. His moral influence transcended the confines of being a typical political leader or a writer at his time. He was compared by later biographers with national leaders in India of his time, such as Rabindranath Tagore or Mohandas Gandhi. Pantheistic universalism, not predefined with participating in any obligatory religious practice, was one of the leading ideas of his philosophy, and gained him later fame as a pioneer of both pagan revival and theosophy in Lithuania.

Vydūnas was an ethical vegetarian, and wrote several essays about his ethical choices.

Vydūnas was considered a candidate for the Nobel Prize by Lithuanian writers association.

References

In-line:

General:

• Ernst Bahr, Kurt Forstreuter, Altpreussische Biographie. Bd. 2.,Lfg. 6. (Steffeck – Vydunas), Elwert: Marburg 1956, p. 764
• Vydûnas' Vater. Zu Herkunft und Elternhaus des bedeutenden preußisch-litauischen Schriftstellers Wilhelm Storost-Vydûnas, Teil 1. In: Ostdeutsche Familienkunde, Band 12, 39. Jahrgang, Heft 3, Verlag Degener: July–September 1991, pp. 385–392.
• Vydûnas' Vater. Zu Herkunft und Elternhaus des bedeutenden preußisch-litauischen Schriftstellers Wilhelm Storost-Vydûnas, Teil 2. In: Ostdeutsche Familienkunde, Band 12, 39. Jahrgang, Heft 4, Verlag Degener: October–December 1991, pp. 427–434. (Family origin of Storost-Vydunas)
• J.Storost:Vydunas in seinen letzten Lebensjahren, Ostdeutsche Familienkunde – Zeitschrift für Familiengeschichtsforschung, Band XIII – 41. Jg., Verlag Degener 1993, pp. 161–169, 193–196. (letters & documents)

External links

• Kintai Vydūnas Culture Centre
• The site of Vydūnas' society (in Lithuanian)
• About Vydūnas (in Lithuanian)
• Last months 1944–1945 in Powarben, East Prussia
• Vydunas in 1918.