Talk:Gynoid fat distribution

Article created, more references and info to come Sarikauppal95 (talk) 11:52, 17 February 2016 (UTC)

Suggestions for future references to improve article:

Barber, N. (1995). The evolutionary psychology of physical attractiveness: Sexual selection and human morphology. Ethology and Sociobiology, 16(5), 395-424.

Lassek, W. D., & Gaulin, S. J. (2006). Changes in body fat distribution in relation to parity in American women: a covert form of maternal depletion. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 131(2), 295-302.

Singh, D. (1993). Adaptive significance of female physical attractiveness: role of waist-to-hip ratio. Journal of personality and social psychology, 65(2), 293. Thornhill, R., & Gangestad, S. W. (2008). The evolutionary biology of human female sexuality. Oxford University Press.

Flocambridge (talk) 11:56, 17 February 2016 (UTC)

Henss, R. (2000). Waist-to-hip ratio and female attractiveness. Evidence from photographic stimuli and methodological considerations. Personality and individual differences, 28(3), 501-513.

Singh, D. (1995). Female judgment of male attractiveness and desirability for relationships: role of waist-to-hip ratio and financial status. Journal of personality and social psychology, 69(6), 1089.

Potential sections for Gynoid fat distribution:

1. What is gynoid fat?
i) Compostion
ii) Location
iii) Difference from android fat
2. Relevance in sexuality
i) Sexual dimorphism - difference between men and women’s amount of gynoid fat
ii) Reproductive function of the fat – indicator of reproductive value (health/fertility/energy resources etc – all signal quality of female for reproductive value)
iii) Sexual signalling: waist-to-hip ratio (result of testosterone/oestrogen ratio)
iv) Sexual signalling: breasts – have been increasingly sexually selected to the point where they are now sexual ornaments
v) Ornamentation (big breasts/butts) as a form of female-female competition for men’s resources
3. Health issues
i) Health risks of high gynoid fat (less risks than high android fat)

Sarikauppal95 (talk) 13:45, 29 February 2016 (UTC)

Ornamentation (draft)

A biological ornament is sexual signal of attractiveness involved in the process of sexual selection, and functions as an honest signal of quality. Sexual ornamentation of females involves more attractive levels of gynoid fat, meaning bigger breasts and buttocks and a low WHR these all signal health, fertility, genetic quality, and thus attractiveness.

Ornamentation is important in female intrasexual competition, which involves female-female competition for potential mates and their associated resources. Since the function of such ornamentation is to compete for male resources, females with a lower WHR are favoured. Ornamentation also plays a key role in male mate choice, where again, females with a low WHR are favoured as they are more attractive. The benefits of attractive ornamentation are gaining resources from males. Attractive ornamentation allows more access to highly desirable males with material resources (e.g. food) and higher mating success. Further benefits of attractive ornamentation are seen in the protection of a female and her offspring. This can be from sexually coercive males, or from raiding males who are looking to capture females.

Can link back to cosmetic surgery and WHR.

Flocambridge (talk) 17:17, 14 March 2016 (UTC)

Article Lead (Introduction)

I have started editing the lead section for this page however it needs to be improved. Flocambridge (talk) 17:31, 14 March 2016 (UTC)

Peer Review

• It would be beneficial to have an introductory paragraph before the contents page, stating the main aspects of what gynoid fat distribution is.
• At the moment it is clear that descriptions and detail of the topic needs to be expanded on throughout the page (although, there seems to be adequate detail on the waist-to-hip ratio section. But please reference, "The ratio of a woman’s gynoid to android fat is used to measure her WHR").

For the gynoid fat subheading:

• Depth and clarity needs to be expanded in more detail as you have only briefly mentioned what it is. Despite this, you have referenced all the research appropriately from reliable sources.
• Please consider describing what polyunsaturated fatty acids and what feminine body form is, in order to depict more detail to readers.
• Please avoid close paraphrasing and plagiarism (as I noticed "it is stored in the breasts, buttocks, hips and thigh" comes directly from Thornhill's Evolutionary Biology of Female Sexuality (page 116) as well as "feminine body form"), rephrase the information into your own sentences.
• You may want to consider linking specialist terms such as offspring, thorax, abdomen, foetuses and feminine body (I linked this to female body shape) to the Wikipedia page
• Consider grouping the first three sentences into a paragraph rather than one sentence below another.

In order to enhance detail on gynoid fat you may want to consider explaining:

• Whether gynoid fat is accumulated in women only, or is this in men too? Please clarify.
• What affects a women's gynoid fat distribution? i.e. health
• Why are men interested in women with high gynoid fat distributions? (honest signals, evolved functions)
• An interesting statistic which you may want to use (and rephrase) for composition: "A fat distribution index below 0.9 indicates a gynoid fat distribution, i.e. the fat mass of the lower body surpassed the fat mass of the upper body. A fat distribution index >1.1 defines an android fat distribution." (This is directly from Kirchengast and Huber, 2001: Body composition characteristics and body fat distribution in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Janepatel (talk • contribs) 16:25, 9 March 2016 (UTC)

I have copy edited and changed a few things, see history for the exact changes. Hope this helps! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Janepatel (talk • contribs) 10:09, 15 March 2016 (UTC)

Additional peer review feedback

There is a lot of interesting and relevant research that has been incorporated into this page which is going to be very beneficial for readers! Here are a few comments you might like to consider:

• It might be useful to change the structure of the article slightly, so that it is divided into more accessible sections. For example, as opposed to an overarching section relating to the relevance of gynoid fat in sexuality, sexual dimorphism could instead be placed under a more general section for ‘Gender differences in gynoid fat distribution’ and sexual signalling under a more general section for ‘Functions of gynoid fat’. This would not only make it easier for content to be added to them in the future, but it would also make it clearer for people to read and find the relevant bits of information they are looking for. A function of gynoid fat other than sexual signalling could be its function in assisting reproduction, pregnancy and lactation. Doing so may also help to balance out the article more, as currently there is a great deal more content surrounding specifically the relevance of gynoid fat in sexuality.

• In order to provide readers with more detail about gynoid fat in general, there could be a subsection under gynoid fat which focuses explicitly on the role of oestrogen in gynoid fat distribution. Oestrogen is mentioned only briefly, yet plays a fundamental role in facilitating the deposition of gynoid fat. The use of images may be helpful here, to further expand the current content.

• A couple of diagrams or images depicting women with different waist-to-hip ratios may also make it easier for readers to understand/distinguish a high waist-to-hip ratio from a low waist-to-hip ratio.

• I have also amended the 'Relevance in sexuality' heading to sentence case.

Hope this helps! 123hs (talk) 20:11, 11 March 2016 (UTC)

Peer Review on the Biology and Cultural Difference contributed by Psunds1993

In the Biology paragraphs, the content are clear and easy to understand by general readers. However, the amount in this part is relatively little. Writer could explain the biological reason of why those fat distributed in the specific areas. Writer could also write about the composition of fat too. A photo of human body and where those fat distributed might be useful.

In the cultural differences paragraphs, the writer compared fairly amount of nationality (i.e. Europe, South Asia, India, African, Denmark) and studies with good references. However, those statistic seems a bit overwhelming and messy. Summarising all those nationalities all together to give the reader a clearer overview. A graph might be a good option to visualise the content. Moreover, "Culture Differences" in under the title of "Individual difference", and it is the only topic under the "individual differences". Either adding at least one more topic or directly making it a part not undering anything. Jackiechanyt (talk) 20:41, 15 March 2016 (UTC)

Peer review and copy edit of Reproductive function

Hi, I have copyedited some of your spelling mistakes. Below are some points you might want to consider.

1. More detail and references could be added in to show a wide range of research to support what you have written. - Lack of research to support it.

2. Links could be added in to help readers to understand what you are reading. ( I have already linked some of it.)

3. It seems a bit short and rushed; proofreading is needed.