Elizabeth Colson

Elizabeth Colson
Born	(1917-06-15) June 15, 1917 Hewitt, Minnesota
Died	2016/8/3 Kayuni, Monze - Zambia
Nationality	American
Citizenship	American
Alma mater	University of Minnesota, BA, MA Radcliffe College, Ph.D (1945)
Known for	Study of the Gwembe Tonga
Awards	Lewis Henry Morgan Lecturer, University of Rochester (1973) AAA Distinguished Lecture (1975) Honorary Degrees, Brown University, Rochester University National Academy of Sciences (1977)
Scientific career
Fields	Social anthropology
Doctoral advisor	Clyde Kluckhohn

Elizabeth Florence Colson (born June 15, 1917 and died August 3rd 2016 )) is an American social anthropologist and Professor Emerita of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. She is best known for the classic long-term study of the Tonga people of the Gwembe Valley in Zambia and Zimbabwe, which she began in 1956 with Thayer Scudder (11 years after she obtained her doctorate and when Scudder was a second-year graduate student). Dr. Colson focused her research on the consequences of forced resettlement on culture and social organization, the effects of economic pressure on familial relationships, rituals, religious life, and even drinking patterns.

Biography

Colson received her bachelor's and master's degrees in anthropology from the University of Minnesota and her Ph.D in Social Anthropology in 1945 from Radcliffe College. She was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1977 and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1978. While at Radcliff College, she experienced sex-discrimination in academia and would later work to eradicate this discrimination at the University of California. Her work is based on ethnography and focuses on long-term, data supported research. Colson is Professor Emeritus of University of California, Berkeley

Research

Gwembe Tonga Project

In 1956, Elizabeth Colson was sent by the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute to study the potential effects that the construction of a dam and hydro-electric power plant would have on the Gwembe Tonga of Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). She partnered with Thayer Scudder in order to collect data on the residents of Gwembe. Colson then outlined the social reactions observed during the resettlement of the Gwembe Tonga in her project report titled "The Social Consequences of Resettlement, the Impact of Kariba Resettlement Upon the Gwembe Tonga". The reactions from the Gwembe expressed in Colson's report include: social upheaval, hostility towards the government, loss of legitimacy of local leaders who supported the resettlement of the Gwembe, increase of force on the part of the aforementioned leaders, and general instability in the Gwembe social structure.

This research directly contributed to the academic discussions of resettlement, migration, and refugee communities in applied and development anthropology. Colson's research with Scudder on the Gwembe and the social and political aspects of their resettlement is ongoing.