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Violence against women

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Violence against women (VAW) is a term of art used to collectively refer to violent acts that are primarily or exclusively committed against females, but it can also refer to violence against males as well. Similar to a hate crime, this type of violence targets a specific group with the victim's gender as a primary motive. The United Nations General Assembly defines "violence against women" as "any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life." The 1993 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women noted that this violence could be perpetrated by assailants of either gender, family members and even the "State" itself. [1]. Worldwide governments and organizations actively work to combat violence against women through a variety of programs. A UN resolution designated November 25th as International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. [2]

History of violence against women

Some experts believe that the history of violence against women or men is tied to the history of women and some men being viewed as property and a gender role assigned to be subservient to men. [3]. Feminist groups have contended that the advancement of women in society will curb the prevalance of violence against them. [4]


Types of violence

Studies have shown that violence is not always perpetrated as a form of physical violence but can also be psychological and verbal. [5] [6] Women are more likely to be victimized by someone that they are intimate with, commonly called "Intimate Partner Violence" or (IPV)[7]. Instances of IPV tend not to be reported to police and thus many experts believe that the true magnitude of the problem is hard to estimate. [8]

Impact on society

The World Health Organization reports that violence against women put an undue burden on health care services with women who have suffered violence being more likely to need health services and at higher costs. [9]

References

  1. ^ United Nations General Assembly Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women (1993)
  2. ^ UN Resolution 54/134-International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women
  3. ^ Penelope Harvey & Peter Gow Sex and violence : issues in representation and experience(1994) pg 36 Routledge ISBN 0415057345
  4. ^ WSCF Inter-Regional Women's Programme Violence Against Women: Challenging Gender Roles and Power Relations between Women and Men
  5. ^ A Survey about Knowledge and Attitudes of People towards Violence against Women in Community Family Settings Iranian Public Health Journal Vol. 33, No. 2, pp.33-37, 2004
  6. ^ Violence & Victimization Research Division's Compendium Of Research On Violence Against Women 1993-2005 1998-WT-VX-0014 pg 35, 1999-WT-VX-0014 pg 59
  7. ^ WHO IPV Facts
  8. ^ CDC IPV Fact Sheet
  9. ^ WHO Factsheet Violence against women

See also

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