Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi
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Sharaf al-Dīn al-Muẓaffar ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar al-Ṭūsī | |
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| Born | 1135 |
| Died | 1213 (aged 78) |
| Occupation | Mathematician |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
Sharaf al-Dīn al-Muẓaffar ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar al-Ṭūsī (1135 – 1213/14) was a Persian[1] mathematician and astronomer of the Islamic Golden Age (during the Middle Ages).[2]
Biography
Tusi was born in Tus, Iran.
He used what would later be known as the "Ruffini-Horner method" to numerically approximate the root of a cubic equation. He also used the concepts of maxima and minima of curves in order to solve cubic equations which may not have positive solutions.[3] He understood the importance of the discriminant of the cubic equation to find algebraic solutions to certain types of cubic equations.[4]
Roshdi Rashed conjectured that Al-Tusi implicitly used the derivative of a function to find the maximum of a cubic function,[3] but this statement has been challenged by other scholars such as Jan Hogendijk[5] and J.L. Berggren.[4]
According to Roshdi Rashed, Tusi "left his mark on the beginnings of algebraic geometry".[6]
Honours
The main-belt asteroid 7058 Al-Ṭūsī, discovered by Henry E. Holt at Palomar Observatory in 1990, was named in his honor.[2]
Notes
- ^ Selin, Hrsg. H. (2006). Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures (2., ed.). Berlin: Springer Netherland. p. 247. ISBN 978-1-4020-4559-2.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ a b "7058 Al-Tusi (1990 SN1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
- ^ a b O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Sharaf al-Din al-Muzaffar al-Tusi", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- ^ a b Berggren, J. L. (1990), "Innovation and Tradition in Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī's Muʿādalāt", Journal of the American Oriental Society, 110 (2): 304–309, doi:10.2307/604533, JSTOR 604533
- ^ Hogendijk, J.P. (1989), "Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi on the number of positive roots of cubic equations", Historia Mathematica, 16: 69–85
- ^ Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures. Helaine Selin (ed.) (2nd ed.). Springer. 2008-03-01. p. 887. ISBN 1-4020-4960-9.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
References
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Sharaf al-Din al-Muzaffar al-Tusi", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- Berggren, J. Lennart (2008). "Al-Tūsī, Sharaf Al-Dīn Al-Muzaffar Ibn Muhammad Ibn Al-Muzaffar". Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Charles Scribner & Sons.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) Retrieved March 21, 2011 from Encyclopedia.com.
External links
- Brummelen, Glen van (2007). "Sharaf al‐Dīn al‐Ṭūsī". In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. p. 1051. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. (PDF version)
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- Articles with bare URLs for citations from September 2017
- 1135 births
- 1213 deaths
- 12th-century mathematicians
- 13th-century mathematicians
- Astronomers of medieval Islam
- Astrologers of medieval Islam
- Mathematicians of medieval Islam
- Medieval Persian astronomers
- Medieval Persian astrologers
- Medieval Persian mathematicians
- 12th-century astronomers
- 12th-century Iranian people
- 13th-century Iranian people
- 13th-century astronomers
- 12th-century astrologers
- 13th-century astrologers