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Syed Hasan Askari

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File:1. Prof Askari 05 09 2016.jpg
Professor Syed Hasan Askari

Syed Hasan Askari (1901 - 1990) [1] was a renowned Indian scholar and historian. Professor Askari was awarded Padmashree in literature by Indian Government [2][3] and gained greater and wider eminence as a researcher. He was one of the rare persons to combine in him the triple roles of a scholar, explorer and teacher [4]. His knowledge of various aspects of medieval history of Bihar was almost encyclopedic. He was unrivaled in his knowledge of original Persian sources and was unarguably most learned scholar of Persian manuscript [5]. Professor Syed Hasan Askari was born in Khujwa, Siwan/Saran District, State of Bihar, India, (1901), graduated in 1922 from G.B.B. (Now L.S.) College Muzaffarpur, then got his M.A. History (1924), and B.L. (1925) from Patna University. In 1967, Magadh University conferred upon him the degree of D. LITT (HONORIS CAUSA). In 1984 Patna University conferred the same to him in recognition of his valuable contribution to Medieval Indian History and Culture. Professor Askari was Lecturer in History, Patna College (1927), assistant Professor from 1934 to 1950 and Professor of History from 1950 to 1956. Professor Askari was also Associate Member of Indian Historical Records Commission, Member of Bihar Research Society’s Council and Editorial Board of the Medieval India Quarterly. He also served as Honorary Secretary of the Bihar Regional Records Survey Committee and Honorary Joint Director of the K.P. Jayaswal Research Institute, Patna. The late Shah of Iran invited him and his wife Mrs. Salma Askari to attend the 2500th year of Persian Monarchy but he could not attend due to illness. He was recipient of numerous awards and honors. In 1967 Magadh University conferred upon him the degree of D. LITT (HONORIS CAUSA). In 1984 Patna University conferred the same to him. The Bihar Research Society published a special volume in his honor in 1960 [6]. He was presented the GHALIB Award in 1975 by his Excellency Fakhruhddin Ali Ahmad, the then President of India, His Excellency Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy, the then President of India had given him President Certificate of honour in 1978. His Excellency Gyani Zail Singh, the then President of India has conferred upon him "PADMASHREE AWARD” in 1985. He thus enjoyed the distinction of being conferred with awards by three Presidents of India. Professor Syed Hasan Askari passed away at the age of 89 in Patna, India on 28th November 1990. [1][7]

Biography

Professor Syed Hasan Askari was born in Khujwa, Siwan/Saran District, State of Bihar, India, (1901), graduated in 1922 from G.B.B. (Now L.S.) College Muzaffarpur, then got his M.A. History (1924), and B.L. (1925) from Patna University. In 1967, Magadh University conferred upon him the degree of D. LITT (HONORIS CAUSA). In 1984 Patna University conferred the same to him in recognition of his valuable contribution to Medieval Indian History and Culture. Professor Askari was Lecturer in History, Patna College (1927), assistant Professor from 1934 to 1950 and Professor of History from 1950 to 1956. Professor Askari was also Associate Member of Indian Historical Records Commission, Member of Bihar Research Society’s Council and Editorial Board of the Medieval India Quarterly. He also served as Honorary Secretary of the Bihar Regional Records Survey Committee and Honorary Joint Director of the K.P. Jayaswal Research Institute, Patna. Professor Syed Hasan Askari passed away at the age of 89 in Patna, India on 28th November 1990. [1][4][5][7]

Awards and honors

His Excellency Gyani Zail Singh, the then President of India, conferred upon Prof. Askari "PADMASHREE AWARD” in recognition of his distinguished contribution to Education and Literature in 1985.
  • His Excellency Gyani Zail Singh, the then President of India has conferred upon Professor Askari "PADMASHREE AWARD” in 1985. Padma Shri (also Padmashree) is one of the highest civilian awards in the Republic of India.
  • His Excellency Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy, the then President of India had given Professor Askari President Certificate of honor in 1978.
  • Professor Askari was presented the GHALIB Award in 1975 by his Excellency Fakhruhddin Ali Ahmad, the then President of India.

Other awards and honors were:

  • Bihar Ratna is the highest state civilian honor, awarded for exceptional service towards advancement of Literature in recognition of Public Service of the highest order to Professor Askari in 1987.
  • Komudi Samman Prashastari Patra awarded to Professor Askari at Komudi Mahotsava in 1990
  • Tamra Patra awarded by Bihar Purvaid Parishad to Professor Askari in 1990
  • Professor Askari was honored by Bihar Urdu Academy in 1987
  • The late Shah of Iran invited Professor Askari and his wife Mrs. Salma Askari to attend the 2500th year of Persian Monarchy in 1971 but he could not attend due to illness.
  • The Bihar Research Society published a special volume in Professor Askari's honor in 1960 and 2001.
  • Professor Askari was awarded by the Britishers with the title of "Khan Saheb".

D. LITT (HONORIS CAUSA):

  • In 1984, Patna University, Bihar, conferred the degree of D. LITT (HONORIS CAUSA) to Professor Askari.
  • In 1967, Magadh University, Bihar, conferred upon Professor Askari the degree of D. LITT (HONORIS CAUSA).

[1][4][5][7]

Selected and collected works

Prof Askari is considered as one of the great historians of his time. Some of the books and research papers with references are listed below:

  • Collected works of Prof. S.H. Askari - Collection of five articles, Volume 1 by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Collected Works of Prof. S.H. Askari - Amir Khusrau as a Historian, Collection of eight articles,Volume 2 by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Collected works of Prof. S.H. Askari - Islam and Muslims in Medieval Bihar, Collection of two articles,Volume 3 by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Collected Works of Prof. S.H. Askari - Medieval Bihar: Sultanate & Mughal Period, Collection of ten articles, Volume 4 by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Collected works of Prof. S.H. Askari - On Awfi's Jawami-ul Hikayat, Volume 5 by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Maktub & Malfuz Literature As a Source of Socio-Political History by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Shahnama Munawwar Kalam By Shiv Das Lakhnawi, translation [from Persian] by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Iqbalnama by an anonymous contemporary writer, translated by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Zain Khan's Tabaqat-i Baburi, translation [from Persian] by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Aspects of the Cultural History of Medieval Bihar by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Comprehensive History of Bihar, edited by S. H. Askari, Qeyamuddin Ahmad, B.P. Sinha.
  • Maqālāt-i Sayyid Ḥasan ʻAskarī - Syed Hasan Askari, Muratab: Syed Muḥammad Ḥasnain.
  • ʻAhd-i vust̤ā kī Hindī adabiyāt men̲ Musalmānon̲ kā ḥissah by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Sīrat-i Fīrūzshāhī: nuskhah-ʼi Khudā Bakhsh by Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Fort William India House Correspondence, 1787-1791, edited By Prof. Syed Hasan Askari.
  • Some aspects of the social life in Medieval Bihar as glimpsed from works of Lexicon JBRS Vol xiii-xiv, 1977-1978.
  • Superstitious beliefs and practices in India, Prajna Bharti, a Journal of the KP Jayaswal Research Institute, Patna, vol ii 1982.
  • A unique copy of Maktubat-i-Sadi. A second study, Prajna Bharti, volume iv, 1984.
  • Historical Fragments relating to Malik Bayyu and his times. Ido Iranica, volume 35, Iran Society. Calcutta, 1982.
  • Princess Zebun-Nisa, Facts and Fiction. Prajna Bharti, volume v, 1988.

[1][4][5][8][9][6][10][11][12][13][7]

Research works

Professor Askari researched & wrote on a wide variety of subjects and his literary contributions can be classified under the following subjects.

1. Political History a. General b. Provincial – Bihar, Bengal and Orissa

2. Religious and Cultural History with particular reference to Sufism and the Sufis in medieval eastern India.

3. Source Materials: a. Old source materials: Critical assessment of Indo-Persian works of basic importance, such as Hasan Nizami’s Taajul Massir, Awfi’s Jawami ul Hakayat, Ikhtisan’s Basatinul Uns, Amir Khusrau’s Risail Ijaz Khurwavu, Muhammad Kabir’s Afsana Shahan, Karam Ali’s Muzaffar Namah etc. b. New source materials: Malfuzat, poetical composition, letters, inscriptions, coins of Sufi Saints etc.

4. Miscellaneous, local history, monuments and relics.

5. Book Reviews.

6. Language & Literature.

[1][5][6][7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g 1. READINGS IN INDIAN HISTORY SYED HASAN ASKARI CENTENARY VOLUME by Bijoy Kumar Chaudhary (2001). (http://www.worldcat.org/title/prof-syed-hasan-askari-felicitation-volume/oclc/125321)
  2. ^ a b 2. Bharat Ratna, Padmavibhushan, Padmashree and other Award winners. A number of awards and honors have been received at National level. The following is the list of awardees: Prof. S. Hassan Askari Padmshree (http://www.patnauniversity.ac.in/awards.html)
  3. ^ a b 3. List of Padma Shri award recipients (1980–89) Year Name Field State Country 1985 Syed Hasan Askari Literature & Education Bihar India (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Padma_Shri_award_recipients_(1980%E2%80%9389)
  4. ^ a b c d e 4. Eminent Personalities - Kujhwa Online (http://www.kujhwaonline.in/index.php?file=eminent.html)
  5. ^ a b c d e f 5. Eminent Personalities of Kujhwa: 18. Professor Syed Hassan Askari: Padamshree, Great Historian with more than 1500. Published/unpublished research papers. C.Education: 1.Syed Hasan Askari:Padama Shree (http://www.aptechnn-students.com/projects/Std459024/kujhwa/Personalities.html)
  6. ^ a b c d 11. "The Jats - Their Role in the Mughal Empire" by Dr. Girish Chandra Dwivedi. Acknowledgments per Dr. Girish Chandra Dwivedi in this section of the book; I am also grateful to Professor S.H. Askari. Inspite of his old age and frail health, he took pains to guide me to the relevant material both in the Khuda Bakhsh Library and in his personal collection and discussed with me many passages from the original sources. Among the valuable material which he made available to me, I must here make a pointed reference to his personal typed copy of the translation, of lqbalnama, which he had prepared for publication. I may be excused for striking a very personal note here. When Prof Askari suggested to me the Ms. of Tarikh-i-Bharatpur, he remarked that Sir Jadu Nath Sarkar had asked him to utilize that Ms. for his research studies on the Jats. Prof Askari added that he was happy on my taking up the subject and making a suitable use of the Ms.
  7. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference ref18 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b 7. Sufism in India. Askari, Syed Hasan, Tazkira-i Murshidi—Rare Malfuz of the 15th-Century Sufi Saint of Gulbarga. Proceedings of the Indian Historical Records Commission (1952). (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufism_in_India)
  9. ^ a b 8. Prof. Syed Hasan Askari Felicitation Volume by Śrīdhara Vāsudeva Sohonī, The Journal of The Bihar Research Society (Special Issue 1968). (http://www.worldcat.org/title/prof-syed-hasan-askari-felicitation-volume/oclc/125321&referer=brief_results) (https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001250669)
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference ref14 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference ref15 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference ref16 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference ref17 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ 6. Professor Syed Hasan Askari Books. WorldCat is the world's largest library catalog, helping you find library materials online. (http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=SYED+HASAN+ASKARI&qt=owc_search)
  15. ^ 9. Shahnama Munawwar Kalam Translated by SYED HASAN ASKARI: Professor Askari published a critical edition of the Persian text of this work, with introduction and notes, in Patna in 1968, assisted by the University Grants Commission. This long-awaited English translation, with an introduction and exhaustive notes and comments, has been sponsored by the Indian Council of Historical Research under its very useful program for publishing important historical sources. Very little is known about Shiv Das, the scribe and compiler of this text. Dr. Askari suggests that he may have been in the service of Khalil Khan, in whose Delhi mansion the original text was written, or of Nawwab Sanjar Khan, who is frequently mentioned and eulogized in it. Both Mughal courtiers were, like the author, Lucknow residents. The contents cover the decade from 1712 to 1722, the reign of Farrukh Siyar and the first four regnal years of Muhammad Shah, and deal with political affairs at the Mughal court. The text quotes or summarizes 42 letters between the two kings and senior nobles, and also strings together 124 waqai'("occurrences"), notices of events at Court. There is much new information on the "kingmaker" Sayyid brothers, Husain 'All Khan and Abdallah Khan, whom Shiv Das describes as oppressors; on the rapacious descent upon Patna of Mir Jumla as its new Governor; and on the rivalries and intrigues of other nobles, especially Nizam-al-Mulk. Sometimes a passing remark reveals much about the depth of Mughal disorganization at this time-such as the information that when Haidar Quli Khan was appointed commander of the artillery, he found that the men were three years behind in their pay. Often the text confirms our expectations of an empire in decay with its sorry record of lies and hypocrisy, of unctuous flattery to a man's face and treachery behind his back. Dr. Askari is well known for his many contributions on 18th century Indian political history, although in recent years he has turned his attention to the history of Sufism in India. Here he returns to his field of interest and performs a double service to India specialists: giving us a very rare text in easily accessible form, and elucidating it with his notes, thus making clear many otherwise very obscure passages. FRITZ LEHMANN UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Shahnama Munawwar Kalam. By SHIV DAS LAKHNAWI. Translated by SYED HASAN ASKARI. Pp. xviii + 232. Patna: JANAKIP RAKASHAN 1.9 80. Review Author(s): Fritz Lehmann Review by: Fritz Lehmann Source: Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 103, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 1983), pp. 811-812 Published by: American Oriental Society (Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/602282)
  16. ^ 10. Review of Fort William—India House Correspondence And Other Contemporary Papers Relating Thereto (Foreign, Secret and Political). Vol. xvi: 1787–1791. Edited by SYED HASAN ASKARI 1976. Review by K.A. Ballhatchet, 1979 (http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=4088792)
  17. ^ 12. Excerpts from Madariya Silsila in Indian Perspective by Ananda Bhattacharya, published in Islam and Muslim Societies - a social science journal (Vol. 6 No. 1 – 2013), highlighting and extensively quoting the research work of Prof. Syed Hasan Askari below. (Ananda Bhattacharya is Assistant Director, West Bengal State Archive, Kolkata). Q. Ahmed has admitted that it was Syed Hasan ASKARI who undertook the pioneering work of exploring inscriptions and he has discovered (some slabs were actually dug out by him in fields) a considerable number of inscriptions, and published their texts. Historians have devoted much attention about the spread of Sufi doctrines in Bihar. Among those scholars the name of Syed Hasan ASKARI and I. H. Qureshi may be mentioned. ASKARI mostly devoted his time and energy to the spread and evolution of Chisti and Qadiriya silsila in Bihar. ASKARI in one of his articles emphasized on Mahbub Subhani, a Sufi saint of Qadiriya order, who’s Khanqah was lying in the division of Daudnagar in Gaya. (http://www.muslimsocieties.org/Vol6/Madariya_Silsila_in_Indian_Perspective.pdf)
  18. ^ 13. Professor Syed Hasan Askari - Author The FB page of Professor Syed Hasan Askari is developed by Syed Ahmer Raza who is grandson of Professor Syed Hasan Askari and son of Sanjida Fatma Raza (daughter of Professor Askari) and Air Commodore Syed Abid Raza, Sitara-e-Basalat, Pakistan Air Force (son in law / nephew of Professor Askari). (www.facebook.com/professorsyedhasanaskari)
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