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Bioinstrumentation is an application of Biomedical Engineering, which focuses on the devices and mechanics used to measure and evaluate biological systems. It is a new and upcoming field, concentrating on treating diseases and bridging together the engineering and medical worlds. The majority of innovations within the field have occurred in the past 15-20 years. Bioinstrumentation has revolutionized the medical field, and has made treating patients much easier. The instruments/sensors convert signals found within the body into electrical signals. [1] There are many subfields within bioinstrumentation, they include: biomedical options, creation of sensor, genetic testing, and drug delivery. [2] Other fields of engineering, such as electrical engineering and computer science, are related to bioinstrumentation. [1]
Start of the Field
Biomedical Optics
Biomedical Optics is the field of performing noninvasive operations and procedures to patients. This has been a growing field, as it is easier and does not require the patient to be opened. [2] Biomedical Optics is made possible through imaging such as CAT (computerized axial tomography) scans. [3] One example of biomedical optics is LASIK eye surgery, which is a laser microsurgery done on the eyes. It helps correct multiple eye problems, and is much easier than option than other surgeries. [3] Other important aspects of biomedical optics include microscopy and spectroscopy. [4]
Circuits/Creation of Sensors
Sensors are the most well known aspect of Bioinstrumentation. They include thermometers, brain scans, and electrocardiograms. Sensors take in signals from the body, and amplify them so engineers and doctors can study them. Sensors are amplified using circuits. Circuits take in a voltage source, and modify them using resistors, capacitors, inductors, and other components. They then let out a certain amount of voltage, which is used for analysis. The data collected using sensors is often displayed on computer programs. This field of bioinstrumentation is closely related to electrical engineering. [2]
Genetic Testing
Bioinstrumentation can be used for genetic testing. This is done with the help of chemistry and medical instruments. Professionals in the field have created tissue analysis instruments, which can compare the DNA of different people. Another example of genetic testing is gel electrophoresis. Gel electrophoresis uses DNA samples, along with biosensors to compare the DNA sequence of individuals. [3] Two other important instruments involved in genomic advances are microarray technology and DNA sequencing. Microarrays reveal the activated and repressed genes of an individual. DNA sequencing uses lasers with different wavelength, to determine the nucleotides present in different DNA strands. Bioinstrumentation has changed the world of genetic testing, and helps scientists understand DNA and the human genome better than ever before. [3]
Drug Delivery
Future Plans
Notes
- ^ a b "Bioinstrumentation". Berkeley Bioengineering. University of California. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
- ^ a b c "What is Bioinstrumentation?". wiseGEEK. Conjecture Corporation. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
- ^ a b c d Kumar, Padma. "What is Bioinstrumentation - Common Applications". Biotech Articles. biotecharticles.com. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
- ^ "Biomedical Optics (BIOMED)". The Optical Society. The Optical Society. Retrieved 31 March 2018.