Abu Nafisa fort
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Abu Nafisa fort is a ruin located on the left bank of the Nile, in Khartoum Province (Sudan). Geographic coordinates of the site, in the EPSG 3857 are 16° 0'50.11" N, 32° 33'14.47" E. Fort was built by the rulers of Alwa[1].
The enclosure in quadrilateral in layout with internal dimensions measuring 83x78 meters. In three corners in 2018, traces of bastions have survived. In the fourth corner, south-eastern, there was a much younger oval tomb of Sheikh Abu Nafisa, dated to the last centuries of the Funj Sultanate (18th-19th century). The name of the site comes from this individual[2].
The fort was built in the 2nd half of the 6th century AD and was used for a short period. At the same time, a similar fort Hosh el-Kab was built 500 meters from Abu Nafisa. Fort Abu Nafisa, unlike Hosh el-Kab, was erected too close to the river, so the high floods that occasionally occur have been damaging the architecture. Currently, areas surrounding Abu Nafisa fort are cultivated and every now and then they are flooded. The last flooding of the Nile, which reached the walls of the fort, took place in April 2019. Satellite imagery from Google Earth shows the site being periodically underwater.
References
- ^ Derek Welsby, The Kingdom of Alwa [in:] J.R. Anderson and D.A. Welsby (eds), The Fourth Cataract and Beyond. Proceedings to the 12th International Conference for Nubian Studies, Leuven: Peeters Publishers, 2014, pp. 183-199, ISBN 978-90-429-3044-5.
- ^ Mariusz Drzewiecki et al., Forts of North Omdurman: First season of fieldwork in Hosh el-Kab and Abu Nafisa, „Sudan and Nubia”, 22, 2018, pp. 127-141, ISSN 1369-5770.
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