Jump to content

Djallonké sheep

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by KAMK1 (talk | contribs) at 07:39, 10 June 2020 (→‎Origin and distribution: Main page created). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
DistributionFrom West Africa to Central Africa. Small populations in Europe and North America
Traits
Weight
  • Female:
    20-25 kg
Height
  • Female:
    40-50 ,cm


The Djallonke also known as the West African Dwarf Sheep (North American name) and  Cameroon sheep or Cameroon Dwarf Sheep (European name) is a sheep with thin tail reared in the southern part of West Africa up to Central Africa for its meat. It is the main sheep breed in this region and is found under various names. It has the particularity of being tolerant to trypanosomes, that is to say trypanotolerant.


Origin and distribution

The breed is native to the Fouta-Djalon region in Guinea, which is why it sometimes bears the name of the Fouta-Djallon sheep and is said to have the Egyptian sheep (Ovis longipes) as its ancestor.[1] His name Djallonké comes from the Fulani language[2]. It has spread in several countries from West Africa to Central Africa: southern Senegal, Guinea, southern Mali, Ivory Coast, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon and Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola. Other varieties and sub-races exist in Burkina Faso and Chad. It occurs under the 14th degree of north latitude and along the coastal zone[3].Its name is very variable from one country to another[4] · [5] · [6]:


  • Guinean sheep, Southern dwarf sheep;
  • Maroua sheep, Poulfouli (Cameroon);
  • dwarf sheep from Ghana, forest sheep, Ghana Forest (Ghana);
  • Kumasi, Dwarf from Nigeria (Nigeria);
  • Kirdi or Kirdimi or Massa (Cameroon and Chad).


The Djallonké present in the Sudanian zone is considered to be a separate variety called Djallonké de savane (or Djallonké type Mossi) [1].


The breed is also popular in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain, Italy, Czech Republic and the United States of America. [7]


During the colonial era, German and French rulers exported (Djallonké) to France and Germany. These usually ended up in private collections and zoos. The animals selected for export to Europe were almost all of the black belly color type. The chestnut-colored drawing is not prevalent in the Djallonké, but only one of many. Today these sheep are called Cameroon sheep or Cameroon Dwarf sheep in Europe. And incorrectly regarded as a separate breed. The International Djallonké Specialist Group of the African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA) considers what Europeans call the Cameroon sheep just a color type and not a separate breed.[8]

Description

It is a small sheep, 40 to 60 cm. Males can reach 25-30 kg. But the females do not exceed 25 kg. The coat is short and the ram has a mane cuff around his neck. cou[9]The color of the fleece is generally white or pie with the front black and the back white. But it can vary according to the tribes which breed them: red and white magpie, brown with black belly. [4]The Djallonké in the north of Cameroon and in the southwest of Chad, named Kirdi, is entirely black. [9]The tail is thin and short. The rams carry horns forming a spiral but the sheep do not.


Characteristics

The Djallonké is generally white or piebald, the front half being black and the back half white. However, skewbald (tan on white) and the black belly pattern are found, and the Kirdi type are specially selected to be entirely black. Rams weigh approximately 30 kg (66 lb), have a well-developed throat ruff and are usually horned. The horns are wide at the base, curve backwards, outwards and then forwards again, with a maximum of one and a half coils. Ewes weigh about 25 kg (55 lb) and are usually polled (hornless), but may have slender short horns. The ears are short and pendulous, the neck is long and slender, the chest is deep, the legs are short, the back is long and dished, higher at the withers than at the tail-head, and the tail reaches the hocks.[10][11]

On average, ewes produce 1.15 to 1.50 lambs per lambing.[10] This breed grows slowly as evaluated in Nigeria in the last 1970s. The overall growth rates from 0–90, 91–150 and 151–350 days old were 74, 49 and 34 g/day, respectively.[12] This breed is also highly tolerant of trypanosome.[13] This breed is thought to go into oestrus throughout the year.[14]

Population status claims

It is often claimed by international zoos and private breeders that this is a rare breed with less than 1000 heads left. This is incorrect. This is partly due to the misnomer in Europe and America. The breed is one of the most popular and widely distributed sheep breed in Africa. In Ivory Coast, for example, there are more than 1200000 Djallonké sheep. [15] And also in Togo there are more than 500000. [16] Similar numbers can be found in Benin, Cameroon and Guinea. And the African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA) herd located in the south-west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo totals 5000 sheep. [17]


International Studbook

The Congolese-Belgian philanthropist Jean Kiala manages the international studbook for the breed (International Djallonké Studbook-IDS) through the African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA) an African farmyard club. Both North American and European animals can be included in the studbook with an inspection.[18]


Literature

  • Fitzhugh und Bradford (eds.): Hairsheep of West Africa and the Americas. A genetic resource for the tropics. 1983
  • R.M. Njwe und Y. Manjeli: Milk yield of Cameroon dwarf blackbelly sheep - Production laitière de moutons Djallonké au Cameroun. In: Small ruminant research and development in Africa - Réseau africain de recherche sur les petits ruminants. ILCA Research Report - 2, 1982, X5520/B


External links

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Article ([[Special:EditPage/{{{1}}}|edit]] | [[Talk:{{{1}}}|talk]] | [[Special:PageHistory/{{{1}}}|history]] | [[Special:ProtectPage/{{{1}}}|protect]] | [[Special:DeletePage/{{{1}}}|delete]] | [{{fullurl:Special:WhatLinksHere/{{{1}}}|limit=999}} links] | [{{fullurl:{{{1}}}|action=watch}} watch] | logs | views)
  2. ^ name=":1">"Djallonké sheep". ornamental-breeders.org (in anglais). Retrieved 4 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ^ Aliou Gueye (1997). Moutons et chèvres du Sénégal : Caractérisation morpho-biométrique et typage sanguin (pdf). Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |champ libre= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |pages totales= ignored (help)
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "Le type africain à longues pattes". nzdl.org. 1993. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  6. ^ Hamadi Karembe. "Guide de l'élevage du mouton méditerranéen et tropical" (pdf). doc-developpement-durable.org. Retrieved 4 May 2020. {{cite web}}: Missing |author1= (help)
  7. ^ name=":1">"Djallonké sheep". ornamental-breeders.org (in anglais). Retrieved 4 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  8. ^ "West African Dwarf Sheep Breed Standard". ornamental-breeders.org. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  9. ^ a b R. T. Wilson (1991). Small Ruminant Production and the Small Ruminant Genetic Resource in Tropical Africa. Food & Agriculture Org. p. 158-166. ISBN 978-9-2510-2998-5. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |pages totales= ignored (help)
  10. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference OKState was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference Wilson was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Mack, S.D. "Evaluation of the productivities of West African dwarf sheep and goats in southwest Nigeria". International Livestock Research Institute. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
  13. ^ Mawuena, K, High degree of tolerance to trypanosomes in West African dwarf sheep and goats of the South Guinea regions of Togo. Comparison with trypanotolerant cattle }
  14. ^ Ngere, L. O. and Dzakuma J. M. (1975). "The effect of sudden introduction of rams on oestrus pattern of tropical ewes". Journal of Agricultural Science. 84 (2). Cambridge: 263–264. doi:10.1017/S0021859600052382.
  15. ^ Article ([[Special:EditPage/{{{1}}}|edit]] | [[Talk:{{{1}}}|talk]] | [[Special:PageHistory/{{{1}}}|history]] | [[Special:ProtectPage/{{{1}}}|protect]] | [[Special:DeletePage/{{{1}}}|delete]] | [{{fullurl:Special:WhatLinksHere/{{{1}}}|limit=999}} links] | [{{fullurl:{{{1}}}|action=watch}} watch] | logs | views)
  16. ^ R. T. Wilson, Small Ruminant Production and the Small Ruminant Genetic Resource in Tropical Africa, Food & Agriculture Org., 1991, 231 p. (ISBN 978-9-2510-2998-5), p. 158-166
  17. ^ https://ornamental-breeders.org/djallonk%C3%A9-sheep-breed-standard
  18. ^ https://ornamental-breeders.org/studbook
Stub icon

This sheep-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Djallonké_sheep&oldid=961758036"