Template:Germanic languages and Template:Germanic languages/sandbox: Difference between pages

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{{Navbox with collapsible groups
{{Navbox with collapsible groups
|name = Germanic languages
|name = Germanic languages
|title = [[Germanic languages]]
|title = [[Germanic languages]]
|state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}}
|state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
|bodyclass = hlist
|bodyclass = hlist
|above = According to contemporary [[Germanic philology|philology]]
|above = According to contemporary [[Germanic philology|philology]]
|selected = {{{expanded|}}}
|selected = {{{expanded|}}}


|group1 = [[West Germanic languages|West]]
|group1 = [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]]
|abbr1 = West
|abbr1 = West Germanic
|list1 =
|state1 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude>
|list1 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center
|group1 = [[Anglo-Frisian languages|Anglo-Frisian]]
|group1 = [[Anglo-Frisian languages|Anglo-Frisian]]
|list1 =
|list1 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center<!--as above-->
|group1 = [[Anglic languages|Anglic]]
|group1 = [[Anglic languages|Anglic]]
|list1 =
|list1 =
* [[English language|English]]
* [[English language|English]]
** [[Dialects of English|dialects]]
** [[List of dialects of the English language|dialects]]
** ''[[Old English]]''
** ''[[Forth and Bargy dialect|Yola]]''
** ''[[Middle English]]''
** ''[[Modern English]]''
*** ''[[Early Modern English]]''
* ''Irish Middle English''
** ''[[Fingallian]]''
** ''[[Fingallian]]''
** ''[[Kildare Poems#Linguistic features|Kildare]]''
** ''[[Yola dialect|Yola]]''
* [[Scots language|Scots]]
* [[Scots language|Scots]]
** ''[[Early Scots]]''
** ''[[Middle Scots]]''

|group2 = [[Frisian languages|Frisian]]
|group2 = [[Frisian languages|Frisian]]
|list2 =
|list2 =
* [[Saterland Frisian language|East Frisian]]
{{Navbox|child
**[[Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]]
|group1 = Historical forms
**''[[Wangerooge Frisian]]''
|list1 =
* ''[[Old Frisian]]''
**''[[Wursten Frisian]]''
* ''[[Middle Frisian]]''
* [[North Frisian language|North Frisian]]
** [[Söl'ring]]

** [[Fering]]
|group2 = [[East Frisian language|East Frisian]]
** [[Öömrang]]
|list2 =
** [[Heligolandic dialect|Heligolandic]]
* Ems
** [[Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]]
** [[Mooring (North Frisian dialect)|Mooring]]
** [[Halligen Frisian]]
* ''Weser''
** ''[[Wangerooge Frisian]]''
** ''[[Strand Frisian]]''
** ''[[Wursten Frisian]]''
** ''[[Eiderstedt Frisian]]''
* [[West Frisian language|West Frisian]]

|group3 = [[North Frisian language|North Frisian]]
**[[Clay Frisian]]
**[[Wood Frisian]]
|list3 =
}}
* Insular
** ''[[Eiderstedt Frisian|Eiderstedt]]''
** Föhr–Amrum
*** [[Föhr North Frisian|Föhr]]
*** [[Amrum North Frisian|Amrum]]
** [[Heligoland Frisian|Heligolandic]]
** [[Sylt North Frisian|Sylt]]
* Mainland
** [[Bökingharde North Frisian|Bökingharde]]
*** Mooring
** [[Halligen Frisian|Halligen]]
** [[Goesharde Frisian|Goesharde]]
*** Northern
*** Central
*** ''Southern''
** [[Karrharde Frisian|Karrharde]]
** ''[[Strand Frisian|Strand]]''
** [[Wiedingharde Frisian|Wiedingharde]]

|group4 = [[West Frisian languages|West Frisian]]
|list4 =
* [[Hindeloopen Frisian|Hindeloopen]]
* [[Schiermonnikoog Frisian|Schiermonnikoog]]
* Westlauwers–Terschellings
** [[West Frisian language|Mainland West Frisian]]
*** Clay Frisian
*** Wood Frisian
**** [[Westereendersk]]
** [[Terschelling Frisian|Terschelling]]
}}
}}


|group2 = [[Low German]]
|group2 = [[Low German]]
|list2 =
|list2 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center<!--as above-->
|group1 = Historical forms
|group1 = [[West Low German]]
|list1 =
|list1 =
* ''[[Old Saxon]]''
* ''[[Middle Low German]]''

|group2 = [[West Low German]]
|list2 =
* [[Dutch Low Saxon]]
* [[Dutch Low Saxon]]
** [[Stellingwarfs dialect|Stellingwarfs]]
** [[Stellingwarfs]]
** [[Tweants dialect|Tweants]]
** [[Tweants]]
** [[Gronings dialect|Gronings]]
** [[Gronings]]
** [[Drèents dialects|Drèents]]
** [[Drèents]]
** Gelders-Overijssels
** Gelders-Overijssels
*** [[Achterhooks]]
*** [[Achterhooks]]
*** [[Sallaans dialect|Sallaans]]
*** [[Sallaans]]
** [[Urkers dialect|Urkers]]
*** [[Urkers]]
** [[Veluws dialect|Veluws]]
** [[Veluws]]
* [[Northern Low Saxon]]
* [[Northern Low Saxon]]
** [[East Frisian Low Saxon]]
** [[East Frisian Low Saxon]]
** [[Schleswigsch]]
* [[Eastphalian language|Eastphalian]]
** [[Holsteinisch]]
** [[Hamburgisch]]
** Ollnborger
** North Hanoveranian
** Dithmarsch
** Emsländisch
* [[Westphalian language|Westphalian]]
* [[Westphalian language|Westphalian]]
* [[Eastphalian dialect|Eastphalian]]

|group3 = [[East Low German]]
|group2 = [[East Low German]]
|list3 =
|list2 =
* [[Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect|Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch]]
* [[Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect|Mecklenburg-Western Pomeranian]]
** [[Mecklenburgisch dialect|Mecklenburgish]]
** [[West Pomeranian dialect|West Pomeranian]]
* [[Brandenburgisch dialect|Brandenburgisch]]
* [[Brandenburgisch dialect|Brandenburgisch]]
* [[Central Pomeranian]]
* [[East Pomeranian]]-West Prussian
* [[East Pomeranian]]
** Western East Pomeranian
** Eastern East Pomeranian
** Bublitzisch
** Pommerellisch
* Central Pomeranian
** West Central Pomeranian
* [[Low Prussian dialect|Low Prussian]]
* [[Low Prussian dialect|Low Prussian]]
** [[Plautdietsch|Plautdietsch / Mennonite Low German]]
** [[Plautdietsch|Mennonite Low German]]
}}
}}


|group3 = [[Low Franconian]]
|group3 = [[Low Franconian languages|Low Franconian]]
|list3 =
|list3 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center<!--as above-->

|group1 = Historical forms
|group1 = [[Standard language|Standard variant]]s
|list1 =
|list1 =
*'' [[Frankish language|Frankish]]''
*'' [[Old Dutch]]''
*'' [[Middle Dutch]]''

|group2 = [[Standard language|Standard variant]]s
|list2 =
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[Afrikaans]] ([[Kaaps]])
* [[Afrikaans]]
|group2 = [[West Low Franconian]]

|list2 =
|group3 = West Low Franconian
* [[Hollandic dialect|Hollandic]]
|list3 =
* [[Central Dutch dialects|Central Dutch]]
** [[Hollandic dialect|Hollandic]]
** [[Kleverlandish]]
* [[West Flemish]]
* [[West Flemish]]
** [[French Flemish]]
** [[French Flemish]]
* [[Zeelandic]]
* [[Zeelandic]]
* [[East Flemish]]
* [[East Flemish]]
* [[Brabantian dialect|Brabantian]]
* [[Brabantian]]

* [[Surinamese Dutch]]
* [[Surinamese Dutch]]
* [[Jersey Dutch language|Jersey Dutch]]
* [[Jersey Dutch]]
* ''[[Mohawk Dutch]]''
* [[Mohawk Dutch]]
* [[Stadsfries dialects|Stadsfries]]/[[Bildts]]/[[Amelands]]/[[Midslands]]
* [[Stadsfries]]
* [[Bildts]]

* Yiddish Dutch
|group4 = East Low Franconian
|group3 = [[East Low Franconian]]
|list4 =
|list3 =
* [[Limburgish]]
** [[Southeast Limburgish dialect|Southeast Limburgish]]

|group5 = Cover groups
|list5 =
* [[Meuse-Rhenish]]
* [[Meuse-Rhenish]]
** [[Limburgish language|Limburgish]]
*** [[Southeast Limburgish dialect|Southeast Limburgish]]
** [[South Guelderish]]
|group4 = Transitional
|list4 =
* [[Low Dietsch dialects|Low Dietsch]]
}}
}}


|group4 = [[High German languages|High German]]
|group4 = [[High German languages|High German]]
|list4 =
|list4 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center<!--as above-->
|group1 = Historical forms
|group1 = [[Standard language|Standard variant]]s
|list1 =
|list1 =
* ''[[Old High German]]''
* ''[[Middle High German]]''
* [[German language|German]]
* ''[[New High German]]''
** [[Namibian German]]
** ''[[Early New High German]]''
*** [[Namibian Black German]]
** [[Brazilian German]]

** [[Unserdeutsch]]
|group2 = [[Standard German]]
** [[Barossa German]]
|list2 =
* [[German Standard German]]
** [[Belgranodeutsch]]
* [[Austrian German|Austrian Standard German]]
** [[Paraná-Wolga-Deutsch|Parana Volga German]]
* [[Swiss Standard German]]

|group3 = Non-[[Standard language|standard variant]]s<br/> and [[Creole language|creoles]]
|list3 =
* [[Namibian German]]
** [[Namibian Black German]]
* [[Berlin German|Berlinerisch]]
* [[Unserdeutsch]]
* [[Barossa German]]
* [[Rotwelsch]]
** [[Lotegorisch]]
* [[Yenish language|Yenish]]
* [[Yiddish]]
* [[Yiddish]]
** [[Yiddish dialects#Eastern Yiddish|Eastern]]
** Eastern
** [[Yiddish dialects#Western Yiddish|Western]]
** Western
** Litvish
** Poylish
** Ukrainish
** Galitzish
** [[History of the Jews in Scotland#"Scots-Yiddish"|Scots Yiddish]]
** [[History of the Jews in Scotland#"Scots-Yiddish"|Scots Yiddish]]
** Alsatian Yiddish
** ''[[Klezmer-loshn]]''
** ''[[Klezmer-loshn]]''
** Ganovim
** Balagole
** Katsoves
** [[Lachoudisch]]
** [[Lachoudisch]]
* [[Yenish language|Yenish]]

* [[Rotwelsch]]
|group4 = [[Central German]]
** [[Lotegorisch]]
|list4 =
|group2 = [[Central German]]
|list2 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center<!--as above-->
|group1 = [[West Central German]]
|group1 = [[West Central German]]
|list1 =
|list1 =
* [[Central Franconian languages|Central Franconian]]
* [[Central Franconian]]
** [[Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]
** [[Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]
*** [[Colognian]]
*** [[Colognian dialect|Colognian]]
** [[Moselle Franconian language|Moselle Franconian]]
** [[Moselle Franconian dialects|Moselle Franconian]]
*** [[Luxembourgish]]
*** [[Luxembourgish language|Luxembourgish]]
*** [[Transylvanian Saxon dialect|Transylvanian Saxon]]
*** [[Transylvanian Saxon dialect|Transylvanian Saxon]]
*** [[Hunsrückisch dialect|Hunsrückisch]]
*** [[Riograndenser Hunsrückisch German|Hunsrückisch]]
* [[Rhine Franconian dialects|Rhine Franconian]]
**** [[Hunsrik]]
* [[Rhenish Franconian languages|Rhine Franconian]]
** [[Lorraine Franconian]]
** [[Lorraine Franconian]]
** [[Palatine German language|Palatine]]
** [[Palatine German language|Palatine]]
*** [[Volga Germans#Language|Volga German]]
*** [[Volga Germans#Language|Volga German]]
*** [[Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]
*** [[Pennsylvania German language|Pennsylvania German]]
* [[Hessian dialects|Hessian]]
** [[Hessian dialects|Hessian]]
** [[Central Hessian]]
*** [[Amana German|Amana]]
* [[Amana German]]

|group2 = [[East Central German]]
|group2 = [[East Central German]]
|list2 =
|list2 =
* [[Thuringian dialect|Thuringian]]
* [[Thuringian dialect|Thuringian]]
* [[Upper Saxon German|Upper Saxon]]
* [[Upper Saxon German|Upper Saxon]]
* [[Erzgebirgisch]]
* [[Erzgebirgisch|Ore Mountainian]]
* [[Lusatian dialects|Lusatian]]
* [[Lausitzisch-neumärkisch dialects|Lusatian-Neumarkish]]
** [[Berlinerisch dialect|Berlinerisch]]
* [[Silesian German]]
* [[Silesian German]]
* [[High Prussian dialect|High Prussian]]
* [[High Prussian dialect|High Prussian]]
* [[Wymysorys language|Wymysorys]]
* [[Wymysorys language|Wymysorys]]
* ''[[Prague German]]''
* [[Alzenau dialect|Halcnovian]]

}}
}}
|group3 = [[High Franconian German|High Franconian]]

|group5 = [[Upper German]]
|list3 =
* [[South Franconian German|South Franconian]]
|list5 =
* [[Alemannic German|Alemannic]] in the broad sense
* [[East Franconian German|East Franconian]]
** [[Main-Franconian dialects|Main Franconian]]
** [[Vogtländisch dialect|Vogtlandian]]
|group4 = [[Upper German]]
|list4 =
* [[Alemannic German|Alemannic]]
** [[Low Alemannic German|Low Alemannic]]
** [[Low Alemannic German|Low Alemannic]]
*** [[Alsatian dialect|Alsatian]]
*** [[Alsatian dialect|Alsatian]]
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*** [[Mòcheno language|Mòcheno]]
*** [[Mòcheno language|Mòcheno]]
*** [[Hutterite German]]
*** [[Hutterite German]]
* [[South Franconian German|South Franconian]]
* [[East Franconian German|East Franconian]]
** [[Vogtlandian]]
* ''[[Lombardic language|Langobardic]]''
* ''[[Lombardic language|Langobardic]]''
|group5 = [[Standard German]]
|list5 =
* [[German Standard German]]
* [[Austrian German|Austrian Standard German]]
* [[Swiss Standard German|Swiss Standard German]]
}}
}}
}}
}}


|group2 = [[North Germanic languages|North]] and [[East Germanic languages|East]]
|group2 = [[North Germanic languages|North Germanic]] and [[East Germanic languages|East Germanic]]
|abbr2 = North and East
|abbr2 = North Germanic and East Germanic
|list2 =
|state2 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude>
|list2 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center<!--as above-->
|group1 = [[North Germanic languages|North]]
|group1 = [[North Germanic languages|North Germanic]]
|list1 =
|list1 =
{{Navbox|child
{{Navbox|child
|groupstyle = text-align: center<!--as above-->
|group1 = Historical forms
|group1 = West Scandinavian
|list1 =
|list1 =
* ''[[Proto-Norse language|Proto-Norse]]''
* ''[[Old Norse]]''
** ''Old West Norse''
** ''Old East Norse''
** ''[[Old Gutnish]]''

|group2 = West
|list2 =
* [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]]
* [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]]
** [[Bergensk]]
** [[Bokmål]]
** [[Kebabnorsk]]
*** [[Bergensk]]
** [[Sognamål dialect|Sognamål]]
*** [[Kebabnorsk]]
*** [[Sognamål dialect|Sognamål]]
** [[Trøndersk]]
*** [[Trøndersk]]
** [[Hallingmål-Valdris|Valdris]]
*** [[Valdris]]
** [[Vestlandsk]]
*** [[Vestlandsk]]
** [[Vikværsk]]
*** [[Vikværsk]]
** [[Bokmål]] (written)
** [[Nynorsk]]
* Insular Scandinavian
** [[Nynorsk]] (written)
** ''[[Old Norwegian]]''
** [[Faroese language|Faroese]]
** ''[[Middle Norwegian]]''
** [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]]
** ''[[Greenlandic Norse|Gronlandsk]]''
* [[Faroese language|Faroese]]
* [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]]
** ''[[Norn language|Norn]]''
|group2 = East Scandinavian
** ''[[Old Norse#Old Icelandic|Old Icelandic]]''
|list2 =
** ''[[History of Icelandic#Middle Icelandic (1350–1550)|Middle Icelandic]]''
* ''[[Greenlandic Norse]]''
* ''[[Norn language|Norn]]''

|group3 = East
|list3 =
* [[Swedish language|Swedish]]
* [[Swedish language|Swedish]]
** [[Swedish dialects]]
** [[Åland Swedish|Åland]]
** [[Estonian Swedish|Estonian]]
** [[Finland Swedish|Finlandic]]
** [[Gutnish|Gotlandic/Gutnish]]
** [[Jamtlandic dialects|Jamtlandic]]
** [[Kalix dialect|Kalix]]
** [[Kiruna dialect|Kiruna]]
** [[Luleå dialects|Luleå]]
** [[Norrland dialects|Norrland]]
** [[Swedish dialects in Ostrobothnia|Ostrobothnian]]
** [[Småländska]]
** [[South Swedish dialects|South Swedish]]
*** [[Scanian dialect|Scanian]]
** [[Stockholm dialects|Stockholm]]
** [[Rinkeby Swedish|Rinkeby]]
**[[Uppländska dialect|Uppländska]]
** [[Västgötska]]
** [[Westrobothnian]]
* [[Danish language|Danish]]
* [[Danish language|Danish]]
** [[Danish dialects]]
** [[Bornholmsk dialect|Bornholmsk]]
** [[Gøtudanskt accent|Gøtudanskt]]
** [[Insular Danish]]
** [[Insular Danish]]
** [[Jutlandic dialect|Jutlandic]]
** [[Jutlandic dialect|Jutlandic]]
*** [[South Jutlandic]]
** [[South Jutlandic]]
** [[East Danish]]
*** [[Bornholm dialect|Bornholmsk]]
*** [[Scanian dialect|Scanian]]
** [[Southern Schleswig Danish]]
** [[Gøtudanskt accent|Gøtudanskt]]
** [[Perkerdansk]]
** [[Perkerdansk]]
* [[Dalecarlian dialects|Dalecarlian]]
** ''[[History of Danish|Old Danish]]''
** ''[[History of Danish|Middle Danish]]''
* [[Dalecarlian language|Dalecarlian]]
** [[Elfdalian]]
** [[Elfdalian]]

|group4 =
|list4 =
*Gutnish
** [[Gutnish language|Mainland Gutnish]]
** [[Fårömål dialect|Fårö Gutnish]]
}}
}}


|group2 = ''[[East Germanic languages|East]]''
|group2 = ''[[East Germanic languages|East Germanic]]''
|list2 =
|list2 =
* ''[[Gothic language|Gothic]]'' (''[[Crimean Gothic]]'')
* ''[[Gothic language|Gothic]]''
** ''[[Crimean Gothic]]''
* ''[[Burgundians#Language|Burgundian]]''
* ''[[Burgundians|Burgundian]]''
* ''[[Vandalic language|Vandalic]]''
* ''[[Vandalic]]''
}}

|group3 = [[Germanic philology|Philology]]
|abbr3 = philology
|state3 = <noinclude>expanded</noinclude>
|list3 =
{{Navbox|child
|group1 = [[Friedrich Maurer (linguist)|Language subgroups]]
|list1 =
* [[North Germanic languages|North]]
* [[East Germanic languages|East]]
* [[West Germanic languages|West]]
** [[Elbe Germanic|Elbe (Irminonic)]]
** [[Weser-Rhine Germanic|Weser-Rhine (Istvaeonic)]]
** [[North Sea Germanic|North Sea (Ingvaeonic)]]

* ''[[Northwest Germanic|Northwest]]''
* ''[[Gotho-Nordic]]''
* ''[[South Germanic|South]]''

|group2 = Reconstructed
|list2 =
* [[Proto-Germanic language|Proto-Germanic]]
* [[Proto-Germanic grammar]]
* [[Germanic parent language]]
* [[Ancient Belgian language]]

|group3 = Diachronic features
|list3 =
* [[Grimm's law]]
* [[Verner's law]]
* [[Holtzmann's law]]
* [[Sievers's law]]
* [[Kluge's law]]
* [[Germanic substrate hypothesis]]
* [[West Germanic gemination]]
* [[High German consonant shift]]
* [[Germanic a-mutation]]
* [[Germanic umlaut]]
* [[Germanic spirant law]]
* [[Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law]]
* [[Great Vowel Shift]]

|group4 = Synchronic features
|list4 =
* [[Germanic verb]]
* [[Germanic strong verb]]
* [[Germanic weak verb]]
* [[Germanic verb#Preterite-presents|Preterite-present verb]]
* [[Grammatischer Wechsel]]
* [[Indo-European ablaut]]
}}
}}


|below = {{hlist |''Italics'' indicate [[language death|extinct language]]s |Languages between parentheses are [[variety (linguistics)|varieties]] of the language on their left.}}
|below =
* ''Italics'' indicate [[language death|extinct language]]s
* Languages between parentheses are [[variety (linguistics)|varieties]] of the language on their left.
}}<noinclude>
}}<noinclude>
{{documentation}}
{{documentation}}