Arsenic pentachloride: Difference between revisions
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{{chembox |
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| ImageFile = Arsenic-pentachloride-from-xtal-3D-balls.png |
| ImageFile = Arsenic-pentachloride-from-xtal-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageSize = 120px |
| ImageSize = 120px |
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| ImageSize1 = 220px |
| ImageSize1 = 220px |
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| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of the crystal structure |
| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of the crystal structure |
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| IUPACName = |
| IUPACName = arsenic pentachloride |
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| OtherNames = |
| OtherNames = arsenic(v) chloride |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CASNo = 22441-45-8 |
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| PubChem = |
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| PubChem = 13643880 |
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| InChI=1S/AsCl5/c2-1(3,4,5)6 |
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| InChIKey = ZSRZHCIWJJKHAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| SMILES = Cl[As](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = AsCl<sub>5</sub> |
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| MolarMass = 252.1866 g/mol |
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| Appearance = |
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| Density = |
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| MeltingPtC = -50 |
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|Section3={{Chembox Hazards |
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| MainHazards = |
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| FlashPt = |
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| GHSPictograms = {{GHS08}} |
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| Autoignition = |
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| GHSSignalWord = Danger |
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| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|280|350|361|370|372}} |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|201|202|260|264|270|281|307+311|308+313|314|321|405|410+403|501}} |
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| AutoignitionPt = |
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| IDLH = Ca [5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (as As)]<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0038}}</ref> |
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| REL = Ca C 0.002 mg/m<sup>3</sup> [15-minute]<ref name=PGCH/> |
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| PEL = [1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/> |
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|Section4={{Chembox Structure |
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| MolShape = Trigonal Bipyramidal (D<sub>3h</sub>) |
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| Dipole = |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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'''Arsenic pentachloride''' is a [[chemical compound]] of [[arsenic]] and [[chlorine]].<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref> This compound was first prepared in 1976 through the UV irradiation of [[arsenic trichloride]], AsCl<sub>3</sub>, in liquid chlorine at −105°C.<ref>{{cite journal |
'''Arsenic pentachloride''' is a [[chemical compound]] of [[arsenic]] and [[chlorine]].<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref> This compound was first prepared in 1976 through the UV irradiation of [[arsenic trichloride]], AsCl<sub>3</sub>, in liquid chlorine at −105 °C.<ref>{{cite journal |
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| title = Arsenic Pentachloride, AsCl<sub>5</sub> |
| title = Arsenic Pentachloride, AsCl<sub>5</sub> |
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| author = K. Seppelt |
| author = K. Seppelt |
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| journal = Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl |
| journal = Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. |
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| year = 1976 |
| year = 1976 |
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| volume = 15 |
| volume = 15 |
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| pages = 377–378 |
| pages = 377–378 |
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| doi = 10.1002/anie.197603771 |
| doi = 10.1002/anie.197603771 |
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}}</ref> AsCl<sub>5</sub> decomposes at around −50°C. The structure of the solid was finally determined in 2001.<ref> |
}}</ref> AsCl<sub>5</sub> decomposes at around −50 °C. The structure of the solid was finally determined in 2001.<ref> |
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{{cite journal |
{{cite journal |
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| title = Solid State Structures of AsCl<sub>5</sub> and SbCl<sub>5</sub> |
| title = Solid State Structures of AsCl<sub>5</sub> and SbCl<sub>5</sub> |
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| vauthors = Haupt S, Seppelt K |
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| journal = Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie |
| journal = Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie |
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| year = 2002 |
| year = 2002 |
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| pages = 729–734 |
| pages = 729–734 |
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| doi = 10.1002/1521-3749(200205)628:4<729::AID-ZAAC729>3.0.CO;2-E |
| doi = 10.1002/1521-3749(200205)628:4<729::AID-ZAAC729>3.0.CO;2-E |
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| doi-access =free |
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</ref> AsCl<sub>5</sub> is similar to [[phosphorus pentachloride]], PCl<sub>5</sub> in having a [[trigonal bipyramid molecular geometry|trigonal bipyramidal]] structure where the equatorial bonds are shorter than the axial bonds (As-Cl<sub>eq</sub> = 210. |
</ref> AsCl<sub>5</sub> is similar to [[phosphorus pentachloride]], PCl<sub>5</sub> in having a [[trigonal bipyramid molecular geometry|trigonal bipyramidal]] structure where the equatorial bonds are shorter than the axial bonds (As-Cl<sub>eq</sub> = 210.6 pm, 211.9 pm; As-Cl<sub>ax</sub>= 220.7 pm). |
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The pentachlorides of the elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and [[antimony pentachloride]] are much more stable and the instability of AsCl<sub>5</sub> appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due |
The pentachlorides of the elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and [[antimony pentachloride]] are much more stable and the instability of AsCl<sub>5</sub> appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. [[gallium]], [[germanium]], arsenic, [[selenium]], [[bromine]], and [[krypton]]) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the [[d-block contraction]] and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed the [[lanthanide contraction]]. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Arsenic compounds}} |
{{Arsenic compounds}} |
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{{Chlorides}} |
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[[Category:Arsenic(V) compounds]] |
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[[Category:Chlorides]] |
[[Category:Chlorides]] |
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[[Category:Substances discovered in the 1970s]] |
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[[ar:كلوريد الزرنيخ الخماسي]] |
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[[zh:五氯化砷]] |
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