Carbendazim: Difference between revisions

{{Chembox

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 443497642

| Name =

| PIN = Methyl (1''H''-1,3-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate

| OtherNames = Mercarzole<br>Carbendazole

| SystematicName =

| ChEBI = 3392

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| SMILES = COC(=O)Nc2nc1ccccc1[nH]2

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}

}}

| C=9 | H=9 | N=3 | O=2

| Density = 1.45 g/cm³

| MeltingPtC = 302 to 307

| MeltingPt_notes = (decomposes)

| BoilingPt_notes =

Disintegration = 302 -305 degree

Temperature of disintegration = 1.5 - 2 hrs

| Solvent = acetone

| pKb =

}}

| Section3 =

| Section4 =

| Section5 =

| Section6 =

| NFPA-S =

| AutoignitionPt =

| PEL =

Disintegration temp = 302 - 305 degree

Disintegration temp = 1.5 - 2 hrs

}}

'''Carbendazim''' is a [[fungicide]], a member [[benzimidazole fungicide]]s. It is a metabolite of [[benomyl]].<ref name=Ullmann>{{cite book |doi=10.1002/0471238961.0621140704180509.a01 |chapter=Fungicides, Agricultural |title=Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology |date=2000 |last1=Dreikorn |first1=Barry A. |last2=Owen |first2=W. John |isbn=978-0-471-48494-3 }}</ref>

The fungicide is used to control plant diseases in cereals and fruits, including citrus, bananas, strawberries, [[macadamia nuts]], pineapples, and [[pome]]s.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wight |first=Andrew |title=Two-headed fish mystery deepens |url=http://sl.farmonline.com.au/news/nationalrural/agribusiness-and-general/general/twoheaded-fish-mystery-deepens/1406893.aspx?storypage=0 |newspaper=Stock & Land |date=14 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091019215853/http://sl.farmonline.com.au/news/nationalrural/agribusiness-and-general/general/twoheaded-fish-mystery-deepens/1406893.aspx?storypage=0 |archive-date=19 October 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A 4.7% solution of carbendazim hydrochloride, sold as Eertavas, is marketed as a treatment for [[Dutch elm disease]].<ref name= Calligeros>{{cite news

| url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/environment/fungicide-maker-in-birth-defect-storm/2009/02/02/1233423096718.html|title=Fungicide maker in birth defect storm|publisher=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=2009-02-02|access-date=2010-03-21|author=Marissa Calligeros}}</ref>

==Other uses==

It is also employed as a [[vermicompost|casting worm]] control agent in amenity turf situations such as golf greens, tennis courts etc. and in some countries is licensed for that use only.<ref>{{cite news|title=Getting the best worm control|url=http://www.sherriffamenity.com/technicalupdates/Getting-The-Best-Worm-Control/90/}}</ref>

==Safety, regulation, controversy==

High doses of carbendazim cause [[infertility]] and destroy the testicles of laboratory animals.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Aire|first=TA|title=Short-term effects of carbendazim on the gross and microscopic features of the testes of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica).|journal=Anatomy and Embryology|date=August 2005|volume=210|issue=1|pages=43–9|pmid=16034611|doi=10.1007/s00429-005-0001-0|s2cid=8526462}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Carbendazim use banned on fruit crops|url=http://www.abc.net.au/rural/news/content/201002/s2811428.htm|newspaper=ABC|date=5 February 2010}}</ref>

Maximum pesticide residue limits (MRLs) for fresh produce in the EU are between 0.1 and 0.7&nbsp;mg/kg with the exception of [[loquat]], which is 2&nbsp;mg/kg.<ref>{{cite web|title=EU Pesticides Database|url=http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public/index.cfm|access-date=24 February 2012}}</ref> The limits for more commonly consumed citrus and pome fruits are between 0.1 and 0.2&nbsp;mg/kg.

Its use on [[macadamia]] plantations has proven controversial in [[Queensland]].<ref name= Calligeros/>

*{{Commons category-inline}}

*[https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng1277.html International Chemical Safety Card]

*{{PPDB|116}}

{{Acetylcholine metabolism and transport modulators}}

[[Category:Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors]]

[[Category:Spermatotoxicants]]

[[Category:Testicular toxicants]]

[[Category:Methyl esters]]