Chromium(III) nitrate: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Chemical compound}} |
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{{chembox |
{{chembox |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = |
| verifiedrevid = 440640654 |
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| ImageFile1 = chromium nitrate.svg |
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| ImageCaption1= Chemical structure of [Cr(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>](NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> |
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| ImageFile2 = Cr(aq)6(NO3)3(aq)3.jpg |
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| ImageCaption2= Nonahydrate |
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| ChemSpiderID = 15285818 |
| ChemSpiderID = 15285818 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = C6H0RE016B |
| UNII = C6H0RE016B |
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| UNII_Comment = (anhydrous) |
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| UNII1_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII1 = D2806IOL1L |
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| UNII1_Comment = (nonahydrate) |
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| InChI = 1/Cr.3NO3/c;3*2-1(3)4/q+2;3*-1 |
| InChI = 1/Cr.3NO3/c;3*2-1(3)4/q+2;3*-1 |
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| SMILES = [Cr+ |
| SMILES = [Cr+3].O=N([O-])=O.[O-]N(=O)=O.[O-]N(=O)=O |
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| InChIKey = BXWGVGRRIQRLLZ-UHFFFAOYAO |
| InChIKey = BXWGVGRRIQRLLZ-UHFFFAOYAO |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = BXWGVGRRIQRLLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| StdInChIKey = BXWGVGRRIQRLLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| CASNo = 13548-38-4 |
| CASNo = 13548-38-4 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo_Comment = (anhydrous) |
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| CASNo1 = 7789-02-8 |
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| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
| CASNo1 = 7789-02-8 |
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| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo1_Comment = (nonahydrate) <!-- ICSC verified --> |
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| PubChem = 24598 |
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| RTECS = GB6300000 |
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| UNNumber = 2720 |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = Cr(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (anhydrous)<br>[Cr(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>](NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>•3H<sub>2</sub>O (nonahydrate) |
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| MolarMass = 238.011 g/mol (anhydrous) <br> 400.21 g/mol (nonahydrate) |
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| Appearance = Blue-violet crystals (anhydrous)<br>Purple crystals (nonahydrate) |
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| Solubility = 81 g/100 mL (20 °C) |
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| Density = 1.85 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (nonahydrate) |
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| MeltingPtC = 60.06 |
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| MeltingPt_notes = nonahydrate |
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| BoilingPt= > |
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| BoilingPtC =100 |
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| BoilingPt_notes =(decomposes) |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| ExternalSDS = [http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/CH/chromium_III_nitrate_nonahydrate.html Oxford MSDS] |
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| EUIndex = Not listed |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| NFPA-R = 1 |
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| NFPA-S = OX |
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| LD50 = 3250 mg/kg (rat, oral, nonahydrate)<br />110 mg/kg (mouse, oral)<ref>{{IDLH|cr3m3|Chromium(III) compounds [as Cr(III)]}}</ref> |
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| LD50 = 3250 mg/kg (rat, oral, nonahydrate) |
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'''Chromium(III) nitrate''' describes several [[inorganic compound]]s consisting of chromium, nitrate and varying amounts of water. Most common is the dark violet |
'''Chromium(III) nitrate''' describes several [[inorganic compound]]s consisting of chromium, nitrate and varying amounts of water. Most common is the dark violet hygroscopic solid. An [[anhydrous]] green form is also known. Chromium(III) nitrate compounds are of a limited commercial importance, finding some applications in the dyeing industry.<ref name=Ullmann/> It is common in academic laboratories for the synthesis of chromium [[coordination complex]]es. |
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==Structure== |
==Structure== |
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The relatively complicated [[chemical formula|formula]] - [Cr(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>](NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> |
The relatively complicated [[chemical formula|formula]] - [Cr(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>](NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>•[[water of crystallization|3H<sub>2</sub>O]] - betray a simple structure of this material. The chromium centers are bound to six [[aquo ligand]]s, and the remaining volume of the solid is occupied by three nitrate anions and three [[water of crystallization|molecules of water of crystallization]].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1107/S0108270190012628|title=Structure of Hexaaquachromium(III) Nitrate Trihydrate|year=1991|last1=Lazar|first1=D.|last2=Ribár|first2=B.|last3=Divjaković|first3=V.|last4=Mészáros|first4=Cs.|journal=Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications|volume=47|issue=5|pages=1060–1062}}</ref> |
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==Properties== |
==Properties and preparation== |
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The [[anhydrous]] salt forms green crystals and very soluble in water. At 100 °C it decomposes. The red-violet hydrate is highly soluble in water. Chromium nitrate is used in the production of [[alkali metal]]-free [[catalyst]]s and in [[Pickling (metal)|pickling]]. |
The [[anhydrous]] salt forms green crystals and is very soluble in water (in contrast to anhydrous [[chromium(III) chloride]] which dissolves very slowly except under special conditions). At 100 °C it decomposes. The red-violet hydrate is highly soluble in water. Chromium nitrate is used in the production of [[alkali metal]]-free [[catalyst]]s and in [[Pickling (metal)|pickling]]. |
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Chromium nitrate can be prepared by dissolving [[chromium oxide]] in [[nitric acid]].<ref name=Ullmann>{{Ullmann|doi=10.1002/14356007.a07_067|title=Chromium Compounds|year=2000|last1=Anger|first1=Gerd|last2=Halstenberg|first2=Jost|last3=Hochgeschwender|first3=Klaus|last4=Scherhag|first4=Christoph|last5=Korallus|first5=Ulrich|last6=Knopf|first6=Herbert|last7=Schmidt|first7=Peter|last8=Ohlinger|first8=Manfred|isbn=3527306730}}</ref> |
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==Preparation== |
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Chromium nitrate can be prepared by dissolving [[chromium oxide]] in [[nitric acid]].<ref name=Ullmann>Gerd Anger, Jost Halstenberg, Klaus Hochgeschwender, Christoph Scherhag, Ulrich Korallus, Herbert Knopf, Peter Schmidt, Manfred Ohlinger, "Chromium Compounds" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'', Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Chromium compounds}} |
{{Chromium compounds}} |
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{{nitrates}} |
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[[Category:Chromium compounds]] |
[[Category:Chromium(III) compounds]] |
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[[Category:Nitrates]] |
[[Category:Nitrates]] |
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[[Category:Oxidizing agents]] |
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[[ar:نترات الكروم الثلاثي]] |
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[[de:Chrom(III)-nitrat]] |
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[[it:Nitrato di cromo nonaidrato]] |
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[[nl:Chroom(III)nitraat]] |
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[[pt:Nitrato de cromo (III)]] |
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[[zh:硝酸铬]] |