Meclofenoxate: Difference between revisions

{{short description|Chemical compound}}

| Verifiedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 451505829

| image = Meclofenoxate.svg

| width = 250

| tradename =

| legal_BR = C1

| legal_BR_comment = <ref>{{Cite web |author=Anvisa |author-link=Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency |date=2023-03-31 |title=RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial |trans-title=Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control|url=https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/resolucao-rdc-n-784-de-31-de-marco-de-2023-474904992 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803143925/https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/resolucao-rdc-n-784-de-31-de-marco-de-2023-474904992 |archive-date=2023-08-03 |access-date=2023-08-16 |publisher=[[Diário Oficial da União]] |language=pt-BR |publication-date=2023-04-04}}</ref>

| legal_US = Not FDA approved

| legal_status = Rx-only

| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 3899

| smiles = Clc1ccc(cc1)OCC(=O)OCCN(C)C

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/C12H16ClNO3/c1-14(2)7-8-16-12(15)9-17-11-5-3-10(13)4-6-11/h3-6H,7-9H2,1-2H3

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = XZTYGFHCIAKPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

'''Meclofenoxate''' ([[International Nonproprietary Name|INN]], [[British Approved Name|BAN]]; brand name '''Lucidril''', also known as '''centrophenoxine''') is a [[cholinergic]] [[nootropic]] used as a [[dietary supplement]].<ref name="Elks2014">{{cite book| vauthors = Elks J |title=The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0vXTBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA758|date=14 November 2014|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4757-2085-3|pages=758–}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&pg=PA636|date=January 2000|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-3-88763-075-1|pages=636–}}</ref><ref name="ClinTox">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cohen PA, Avula B, Khan I | title = The unapproved drug centrophenoxine (meclofenoxate) in cognitive enhancement dietary supplements | journal = Clinical Toxicology | volume = 60 | issue = 10 | pages = 1156–1158 | date = October 2022 | pmid = 35959800 | doi = 10.1080/15563650.2022.2109485 | s2cid = 251516603 }}</ref> It is an [[ester]] of [[dimethylethanolamine]] (DMAE) and [[4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid|4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid]] (pCPA).

In elderly patients, meclofenoxate has been shown to improve performance on certain [[memory]] tests.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Marcer D, Hopkins SM | title = The differential effects of meclofenoxate on memory loss in the elderly | journal = Age and Ageing | volume = 6 | issue = 2 | pages = 123–31 | date = May 1977 | pmid = 329662 | doi = 10.1093/ageing/6.2.123 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Meclofenoxate also increases cellular membrane phospholipids.{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}} It is sold in [[Japan]] and some [[Europe]]an countries, such as [[Germany]], [[Hungary]], and [[Austria]], as a [[prescription drug]].

==Side effects==

Meclofenoxate is considered to be safe and high in [[tolerability]]. However, possible side effects may include, rarely, [[insomnia]], [[dizziness]], [[Psychomotor agitation|restlessness]], [[muscle tremor]], [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[nausea]], [[muscle tension]], and [[headache]]; these side effects may be due to [[overdose|overdosage]] and may indicate the need for the dosage to be reduced.

==Research==

Meclofenoxate, as well as DMAE, have been found to increase the [[life expectancy|lifespans]] of mice by 26.5%.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Donaldson T | chapter = A Brief History of Anti-aging Drugs | veditors = Klatz R, Goldman B |title= The Science of Anti-aging Medicine| chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RI8ZyNo5KCkC&pg=PA66|date=1 January 2003 |publisher=American Academy of Anti-Aging Med |isbn=978-0-9668937-3-1 |pages=66–}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hothschild R | title = Effect of dimethylamnioethyl p-chlorophenoxyacetate on the life span of male Swiss Webster Albino mice | journal = Experimental Gerontology | date = August 1973 | volume = 8 | issue = 4 | pages = 177–183 | pmid = 4147092 | doi = 10.1016/0531-5565(73)90024-7 }}</ref>

==Brand names==

In addition to Lucidril, meclofenoxate has also been marketed under the brand names Amipolen, Analux, Brenal, Cellative, Centrophenoxin, Cerebron, Cerutil, Closete, Helfergin, Lucidryl, Lutiaron, Marucotol, Proserout, Proseryl, and Ropoxyl.<ref name="Zhou2013">{{cite book| vauthors = Zhou Y |title=Drugs in Psychiatric Practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6gglBQAAQBAJ|date=22 October 2013|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4831-9193-5}}</ref> In the US, meclofenoxate is sold as a dietary supplement, although it is an unapproved drug.<ref name="ClinTox" />

{{Portal|Medicine}}

* [[Adafenoxate]]

* [[ISRIB]]

== References ==

{{Acetylcholine receptor modulators}}

[[Category:Dimethylamino compounds]]

[[Category:Antidementia agents]]

[[Category:Carboxylate esters]]

[[Category:4-Chlorophenyl compounds]]

[[Category:Cholinergics]]