Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and Propylene glycol dinitrate: Difference between pages

{{redirect|PGDN|the key on a computer keyboard|Page Up and Page Down keys}}

| Verifiedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 464217423

| Name = Propylene glycol dinitrate

| ImageFile = PGDN.png

| ImageSize = 200px

| IUPACName = Propylene dinitrate

| OtherNames = Propane-1,2-diyl dinitrate;<br />1,2-Bis(nitrooxy)propane

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| CASNo = 6423-43-4

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 4BY6T6Y8D1

| SMILES = O=[N+]([O-])OC(C)CO[N+](=O)[O-]

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| C=3 | H=6 | N=2 | O=6

| Density = 1.232 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)<ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=41450|CAS=6423-43-4|Name=Propylenglycoldinitrat|Date=2. Dec. 2009}}</ref>

| MeltingPtC = −27.7

| MeltingPt_ref = <ref name="GESTIS"/>

| BoilingPtC = 121

| BoilingPt_notes = (decomposes below boiling point)

| Appearance = colorless liquid<ref name=PGCH/>

| Odor = disagreeable<ref name=PGCH/>

| Solubility = 0.1% (20°C)<ref name=PGCH/>

| VaporPressure = 0.07 mmHg (22°C)<ref name=PGCH/>

|Section3={{Chembox Hazards

| LD50 = 930 mg kg⁻¹ ([[intraperitoneal injection|IP]], rat)<ref name="AB">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0378-4274(88)90020-3 | title = A review of propylene glycol dinitrate toxicology and epidemiology | year = 1988 | last1 = Forman | first1 = S | journal = [[Toxicology Letters]] | volume = 43 | pages = 51–65 | pmid = 3051528 | issue = 1–3 }}</ref>

| IDLH = N.D.<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0535}}</ref>

| REL = TWA 0.05 ppm (0.3 mg/m³) [skin]<ref name=PGCH/>

| PEL = none<ref name=PGCH/>

}}

}}

'''Propylene glycol dinitrate''' ('''PGDN''', '''1,2-propylene glycol dinitrate''', or '''1,2-propanediol dinitrate''') is an [[organic chemical]], an [[ester]] of [[nitric acid]] and [[propylene glycol]]. It is structurally similar to [[nitroglycerin]], except that it has one fewer [[nitrate ester|nitrate]] group. It is a characteristically and unpleasantly smelling<ref>{{cite web | title = TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR OTTO FUEL II AND ITS COMPONENTS | url = http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp77.pdf }}</ref> colorless liquid, which decomposes at 121&nbsp;°C, below its boiling point. It is [[flammable]] and [[explosive]]. It is shock-sensitive and burns with a clean flame producing [[water vapor]], [[carbon monoxide]], and [[nitrogen]] gas.

:C₃H₆(ONO₂)₂ → 3 CO + 3 H₂O + N₂

The principal current use of propylene glycol dinitrate is as a propellant in [[Otto Fuel II]], together with [[2-Nitrodiphenylamine|2-nitrodiphenylamine]] and [[dibutyl sebacate]]. Otto Fuel II is used in some [[torpedo]]es as a [[propellant]].<ref name="AB"/>

<ref name="AC">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1002/ajim.4700020407 | title = Evaluation of the neurophysiologic effects of 1,2-propylene glycol dinitrate by quantitative ataxia and oculomotor function tests | year = 1981 | last1 = Horvath | first1 = Edward P. | last2 = Ilka | first2 = Richard A. | last3 = Boyd | first3 = James | last4 = Markham | first4 = Thomas | journal = American Journal of Industrial Medicine | volume = 2 | pages = 365–78 | pmid = 6980592 | issue = 4 }}</ref>

[[Nitrate ester|Nitrate]]s of [[polyhydric alcohol]]s, of which propylene glycol dinitrate is an example, have been used in [[medicine]] for the treatment of [[angina pectoris]], and as [[explosive]]s since the mid-nineteenth century.

PGDN affects [[blood pressure]], causes [[respiratory]] toxicity, damages [[liver]] and [[kidney]]s, distorts vision, causes [[methoglobinuria]], and can cause [[headache]] and lack of coordination. It may be absorbed through skin. Its primary toxicity mechanism is [[methemoglobinemia]]. It may cause permanent nerve damage.

For occupational exposures, the [[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health]] has set a [[recommended exposure limit]] at 0.05&nbsp;ppm (0.3&nbsp;mg/m³) over an eight-hour workday, for dermal exposures.<ref>{{cite web | title = Propylene glycol dinitrate |work=NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevnetion| url = https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0535.html}}</ref>

==References==

{{reflist}}

{{Nitric oxide signaling}}

[[Category:Nitrate esters]]

[[Category:Antianginals]]

[[Category:Explosive chemicals]]

[[Category:Liquid explosives]]

[[Category:Monopropellants]]