Tin(II) bromide: Difference between revisions

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 428749496

| Name = Tin(II) bromide

| ImageFile = SnBr2-xtal-chain-3D-bs-17.png

| ImageName =

| ImageCaption = part of an (SnBr₂)_∞ chain in the solid state<ref name="Eckold">{{ cite journal | title = Two Modifications of Tin(II) Bromide | first1 = Pierre | last1 = Eckold | first2 = Werner | last2 = Hügel | first3 = Robert E. | last3 = Dinnebier | first4 = Rainer | last4 = Niewa | journal = [[Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie|Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem.]] | year = 2005 | volume = 641 | issue = 8–9 | pages = 1467–1472 | doi = 10.1002/zaac.201500108 }}</ref>

| OtherNames = tin dibromide, stannous bromide

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| CASNo = 10031-24-0

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 55F23H2K96

| PubChem = 66224

| EINECS = 233-087-0

| SMILES = Br[Sn]Br

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 59609

| InChI = 1/2BrH.Sn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2

| InChIKey = ZSUXOVNWDZTCFN-NUQVWONBAM

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/2BrH.Sn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = ZSUXOVNWDZTCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| Formula = SnBr₂

| MolarMass = 278.518 g/mol

| Appearance = yellow powder

| Density = 5.12 g/cm³, solid

| Solubility =

| MeltingPtC = 215

| BoilingPtC = 639

|Section3={{Chembox Structure

| CrystalStruct = related to PbCl₂

|Section7={{Chembox Hazards

| GHS_ref=<ref>{{cite web |title=Tin(II) bromide |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/66224#section=Safety-and-Hazards |website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |access-date=12 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}

| GHSSignalWord = Danger

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|264|280|301+330+331|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|310|321|363|405|501}}

'''Tin(II) bromide''' is a chemical compound of [[tin]] and [[bromine]] with a chemical formula of SnBr₂. Tin is in the +2 oxidation state. The stability of tin compounds in this oxidation state is attributed to the [[inert pair effect]].<ref name = "Greenwood">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref>

In the gas phase SnBr₂ is non-linear with a bent configuration similar to SnCl₂ in the gas phase. The Br-Sn-Br angle is 95° and the Sn-Br bond length is 255pm.<ref>J.L Wardell "Tin:Inorganic Chemistry" ''Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry'' Ed: R Bruce King John Wiley & Sons (1994) {{ISBN|0-471-93620-0}}</ref> There is evidence of dimerisation in the gaseous phase.<ref>{{cite journal

|author1=K. Hilpert |author2=M. Miller |author3=F. Ramondo | journal =J. Phys. Chem.

}}</ref> The [[crystal structure|solid state structure]] is related to that of [[tin(II) chloride|SnCl₂]] and [[lead(II) chloride|PbCl₂]] and the tin atoms have five near bromine atom neighbours in an approximately trigonal bipyramidal configuration.<ref>{{cite journal

|author1=Abrahams I. |author2=Demetriou D.Z. | journal =Journal of Solid State Chemistry

| bibcode = 2000JSSCh.149...28A }}</ref> Two polymorphs exist: a room-temperature orthorhombic polymorph, and a high-temperature hexagonal polymorph. Both contain (SnBr₂)_∞ chains but the packing arrangement differs.<ref name="Eckold" />

{{multiple image

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| direction = horizontal

| total_width = 500

| image1 = o-SnBr2-xtal-packing-2x2x2-3D-bs-17.png

| caption1 = orthorhombic polymorph<ref name="Eckold" /><ref>{{ Cite journal | url = https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/structures/Search?Ccdcid=1737946&DatabaseToSearch=Published | title = ICSD Entry: 429132 | website = [[Cambridge Structural Database]]: Access Structures | publisher = [[Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre]] | access-date = 2022-02-09 }}</ref>

| image2 = h-SnBr2-xtal-packing-2x2x2-3D-bs-17.png

| caption2 = hexagonal polymorph<ref name="Eckold" /><ref>{{ Cite journal | url = https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/structures/Search?Ccdcid=1737947&DatabaseToSearch=Published | title = ICSD Entry: 429133 | website = Cambridge Structural Database: Access Structures | publisher = Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre | access-date = 2022-02-09 }}</ref>

}}

Tin(II) bromide can be prepared by the reaction of metallic tin and [[hydrobromic acid|HBr]] distilling off the H₂O/HBr and cooling:<ref name= "Cotton">{{Cotton&Wilkinson6th}}</ref>

:Sn + 2 HBr → SnBr₂ + H₂

However, the reaction will produce tin (IV) bromide in the presence of oxygen.

A number of hydrates are known, 2SnBr₂·H₂O, 3SnBr₂·H₂O & 6SnBr₂·5H₂O which in the solid phase have tin coordinated by a distorted trigonal prism of 6 bromine atoms with Br or H₂O capping 1 or 2 faces.<ref name = "Greenwood">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref>

| journal = Journal of Organometallic Chemistry

| hdl = 1874/15985

| hdl-access = free

:SnBr₂ + RBr → RSnBr₃

Tin(II) bromide can act as a [[Lewis acid]] forming adducts with donor molecules e.g. [[trimethylamine]] where it forms NMe₃·SnBr₂ and 2NMe₃·SnBr₂

|author1=Chung Chun Hsu |author2=R. A. Geanangel

|name-list-style=amp | journal = Inorg. Chem.

It can also act as both donor and acceptor in, for example, the complex F₃B·SnBr₂·NMe₃ where it is a donor to [[boron trifluoride]] and an acceptor to [[trimethylamine]].<ref>{{cite journal

|author1=Chung Chun Hsu |author2=R. A. Geanangel

|name-list-style=amp | journal = Inorg. Chem.

{{bromine compounds}}

[[Category:Metal halides]]

[[Category:Tin(II) compounds]]