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especially for the high-temperature limit, these oscillations are in fact phonons, or collective modes involving many atoms. Albert Einstein was aware that getting...

Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at very low densities is cooled to temperatures very...

The Einstein–Szilard or Einstein refrigerator is an absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts, operates at constant pressure, and requires only...

achieve temperatures close to absolute zero, where matter exhibits quantum effects such as superconductivity, superfluidity, and Bose–Einstein condensation...

Einstein relation is a previously unexpected[clarification needed] connection revealed independently by William Sutherland in 1904, Albert Einstein in...

Debye T 3 law. Similarly to the Einstein photoelectron model, it recovers the Dulong–Petit law at high temperatures. Due to simplifying assumptions,...

Both Fermi–Dirac and Bose–Einstein become Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics at high temperature or at low concentration. Bose–Einstein statistics was introduced...

Albert Einstein (/ˈaɪnstaɪn/ EYEN-styne; German: [ˈalbɛɐt ˈʔaɪnʃtaɪn] ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely...

the Bose–Einstein law. Measurement of the spectrum of noise-power produced by an electrical resistor can also provide accurate temperature measurement...

units of measurement. The principle is described by the physicist Albert Einstein's formula:  E = m c 2 {\displaystyle E=mc^{2}} . In a reference frame where...

Low temperature approximations for both gases and solids at temperatures less than their characteristic Einstein temperatures or Debye temperatures can...

Solutions of the Einstein field equations are metrics of spacetimes that result from solving the Einstein field equations (EFE) of general relativity....

ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 34533345. S2CID 237396804. "Bose-Einstein condensates break temperature record". Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved...

lower temperatures by the rare isotope helium-3 and by lithium-6. In 1924, Albert Einstein and Satyendra Nath Bose predicted the "Bose–Einstein condensate"...

absorptivity of material X at thermodynamic equilibrium at temperature T (justified by a discovery of Einstein, as indicated below), one further has the equality...

A hallmark of Albert Einstein's career was his use of visualized thought experiments (German: Gedankenexperiment) as a fundamental tool for understanding...

superfluids and Bose–Einstein condensates, which would be disrupted by thermal motion. Absolute zero Dilution refrigerator Highest temperature recorded on Earth...

the Einstein coefficients are quantities describing the probability of absorption or emission of a photon by an atom or molecule. The Einstein A coefficients...

therefore setting G = ⁠1/8π⁠). This would eliminate 8πG from the Einstein field equations, Einstein–Hilbert action, and the Friedmann equations, for gravitation...

critical temperature: T c < 32 π 3 ℏ 6 V 2 u 0 P 2 {\displaystyle T_{c}<32\pi ^{3}\hbar ^{6}V^{2}u_{0}P^{2}} . The particles obey the Bose–Einstein distribution...