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In cryptography, a brute-force attack consists of an attacker submitting many passwords or passphrases with the hope of eventually guessing correctly....

Control charts are graphical plots used in production control to determine whether quality and manufacturing processes are being controlled under stable...

This article contains a list of sample Hilbert-style deductive systems for propositional logics. Classical propositional calculus is the standard propositional...

Statistics, in the modern sense of the word, began evolving in the 18th century in response to the novel needs of industrializing sovereign states. In...

In probability theory, the law (or formula) of total probability is a fundamental rule relating marginal probabilities to conditional probabilities. It...

In probability theory and statistics, the cumulants κn of a probability distribution are a set of quantities that provide an alternative to the moments...

A mathematical coincidence is said to occur when two expressions with no direct relationship show a near-equality which has no apparent theoretical explanation...

Unsolved problem in statistics: Is an approximation analogous to Fisher's argument necessary to solve the Behrens–Fisher problem? (more unsolved problems...

Algorithmic game theory (AGT) is an area in the intersection of game theory and computer science, with the objective of understanding and design of algorithms...

Miwin's Dice are a set of nontransitive dice invented in 1975 by the physicist Michael Winkelmann. They consist of three different dice with faces bearing...