25-Hydroxycholesterol
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Comment: Notable per https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-020-00398-1 and sourced, thank you Ozzie10aaaa (talk) 13:18, 27 November 2023 (UTC)
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.163.612 |
PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C27H46O2 | |
| Molar mass | 402.7 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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25-Hydroxycholesterol is a chemical compound, a derivative of cholesterol, that plays a role in various biological processes in humans and other species. It is involved in cholesterol metabolism, antivirus process, inflammatory and immune response, and survival signaling pathway. 25-hydroxycholesterol is biosynthesized from cholesterol by adding a hydroxyl group at position 25-carbon of a steroid nucleus. This reaction is catalyzed by cholesterol 25-hydroxylase, a family of enzymes that use oxygen and a di-iron cofactor to catalyze hydroxylation reaction.[1][2]
The CYP3A4 enzyme, a member of the cytochrome P450 family, can catalyze the oxidation of 25-hydroxycholesterol to 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol, whereas 25-hydroxycholesterol can inhibit CYP4F2 mRNA expression, so that members of the cytochrome P450 family are also be involved in the metabolism of 25-hydroxycholesterol besides cholesterol 25-hydroxylase.[3]
25-hydroxycholesterol has been found in various organisms such as mice, rats, rabbits, and cows. As of 2023,[update] its presence in other species has not been extensively studied.[2][1]
See also
- 25-hydroxycholesterol (Q27071875) – Wikidata entity;
- cholesterol – sterol biosynthesized by all animal cells;
- cholesterol 25-hydroxylase – class of enzymes.
References
- ^ a b Zhang J, Zhu Y, Wang X, Wang J (2023). "25-hydroxycholesterol: an integrator of antiviral ability and signaling". Front Immunol. 14: 1268104. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268104. PMC 10533924. PMID 37781400.
- ^ a b Cao Q, Liu Z, Xiong Y, Zhong Z, Ye Q (2020). "Multiple Roles of 25-Hydroxycholesterol in Lipid Metabolism, Antivirus Process, Inflammatory Response, and Cell Survival". Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020: 8893305. doi:10.1155/2020/8893305. PMC 7695496. PMID 33274010.
- ^ Hsu MH, Savas U, Griffin KJ, Johnson EF (February 2007). "Regulation of human cytochrome P450 4F2 expression by sterol regulatory element-binding protein and lovastatin". J Biol Chem. 282 (8): 5225–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M608176200. PMID 17142457.
Category:Cholestanes
Category:Sterols
Category:Metabolic intermediates