Flying disc sports
Flying disc games are games played with flying discs (sometimes called by the trademarked name Frisbees). Some of the games, such as Ultimate and Disc golf, are sports with substantial international followings.
History
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The flying disc was invented in 1948 by Walter Morrison. In 1957 January 13, Wham-O bought the rights to the invention and released it later under the trademarked name Frisbee. The game of Ultimate, the most widely played disc game, was developed in the late 1960s by Joel Silver and Jared Kass. In 1976, the game of Disc golf was developed by Ed Headrick.
In 1974 Ken Westerfield and Jim Kenner (founder and CEO of Discraft) [1] introduced [2] and won [3] the first flying disc freestyle competition,[4] at the Canadian Open Frisbee Championships,[5] Toronto, Canada.
Ultimate
Ultimate (often called Ultimate Frisbee) is a competitive non-contact team sport played with a flying disc. The object of the game is to score points by passing the disc into the opposing endzone, similar to American football. Players may not run while holding the disc. The game was invented in 1968 as an evening pastime by Jared Kass. Ultimate is distinguished by its Spirit of the Game - the principles of fair play, sportsmanship, and the joy of play.
Games based on Ultimate
A number of games have evolved which are derived or similar to Ultimate, but played with different rules. These games are often played when available fields or teams are too small for a full sized ultimate game.
| Game | Description |
|---|---|
| Goaltimate | a half-court flying disc game derived from ultimate, similar to Hot Box |
| Hot box | a non-contact team sport which is similar to Ultimate, but played on a smaller field and with fewer players |
| Mini ultimate | a high energy, predominantly urban sport played on a smaller field than ultimate |
| Stop the chump | an indoor variation of Ultimate |
| Schtick disc | an Ultimate variant played with two discs where running with the disc is allowed[6] |
Disc golf
Disc golf (also called folf, frolf, gorf, or frisbee golf by people who don't know that Frisbee is a registered trademark by Wham-O) is a game based on the rules of golf (referred to by disc golfers as "ball golf" or "stick golf"). It uses flying discs which are similar to the Frisbee, but usually smaller and denser. The discs are thrown towards a target, which serves as the "hole". The official targets are metal baskets with hanging chains to catch the discs.
Disc games adapted from non-disc games
These games originated when the rules of another game were adjusted to use a flying disc in place of a ball.
| Game | Description |
|---|---|
| Dodge disc | a variation of dodgeball using a flying disc in place of the ball or balls |
| Guts | a team sport, similar to murderball |
| Crosbee | adapted from lacrosse, it is in many ways a cross between touch football[disambiguation needed] and ultimate[7][8] |
| 500 | Can also be played with a football or other ball. One player throws the disk to the other players and calls out a number between 0 and 500. The catcher wins that number of points, and the first player to earn 500 is the new thrower. |
Freestyle games
These (non-team) games emphasize throwing and catching and performing tricks.
| Game | Description |
|---|---|
| Disc dog | dogs and their human disc throwers compete in events such as distance catching and somewhat choreographed freestyle catching |
| Flying disc freestyle | athletes perform tricks with a flying disc |
Fricket
Fricket is a non-contact game of skill using a flying disc, 4' wickets, and some plastic cups. Fricket is also frequently called Cups, Suzy Sticks or Disc Cricket. (The name “Fricket” is derived from the combination of the words "Frisbee" and "Cricket.")
Double disc court
Double disc court (DDC) is a sport played with two flying discs. It is played between two teams of two players each. Teammates stand in the same court. The goal is to defend a court from an attack by the opponents. Two identical square courts are located on a level playing field of grass measuring 13 meters on a side. The distance between the courts is 17 meters. Attacks are made in two ways: by throwing a disc in play into the opponents' court in an attempt to have the disc come to rest within that court without ever having touched out-of-bounds, or by causing both discs to be touched by a player or players on the opposing team at the same time (called a "double"). A team scores a point whenever they make a successful attack or whenever an opponent throws a disc out-of-bounds. The first team to score the requisite number of points as determined by the competitive format wins the game.
Friskee
Friskee is a sport played with a flying disc, two gates and two teams. One team has to throw the disk through the other team's gate. The person currently holding the disc cannot run until it leaves his hand. There is no arbitrator and everyone is permitted to stop any opposing player in any way. But the gentlemanly spirit of the game must be maintained, so heavy injuries are few.
Friskee is a young sport, played for the first time in 2000, but every week there are more friskee players. It is similar to ultimate except with fewer players and fewer rules.[9]
Other/unclassified games
- Durango boot
- Flutterguts — a game used mainly to practice catching flying discs
- Kan-jam - a variation of horseshoes.
- Flimsee
References
- ^ Discraft History of Freestyle
- ^ FPA Freestyle History
- ^ Top Routine: Ken Westerfield/Jim Kenner Canadian Open 1974
- ^ FPA Freestyle History
- ^ Canadian Frisbee Championships History
- ^ Official Schtick Disc Site
- ^ http://crosbee.blogspot.com/
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=YlhMWut-nJ4C&pg=PA35&lpg=PA35&dq=crosbee+frisbee&source=bl&ots=tTl_oZ_S9j&sig=DiIPg91zKiQI8M3V_WivwfIfMoE&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=2&ct=result
- ^ Friskee Introduction at Friskee Loge Saarbrücken, Germany, viewed 15. August 2008