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Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen. All together, there are sixteen known iron oxides and oxyhydroxides.^[1]

Iron oxides and oxide-hydroxides are widespread in nature, play an important role in many geological and biological processes, and are widely utilized by humans, e.g., as iron ores, pigments, catalysts, in thermite (see the diagram). Common everyday rust is a form of iron(III) oxide.

Oxides

iron(II) oxide, wüstite (FeO)
iron(II,III) oxide, magnetite (Fe₃O₄)
iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃)
- alpha phase, hematite (α-Fe₂O₃)
- beta phase, (β-Fe₂O₃)
- gamma phase, maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃)
- epsilon phase, (ε-Fe₂O₃)

Hydroxides

iron(II) hydroxide (Fe(OH)₂)
iron(III) hydroxide (Fe(OH)₃), (bernalite)

Oxide/hydroxides

goethite (α-FeOOH),
akaganéite (β-FeOOH),
lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH),
feroxyhyte (δ-FeOOH),
ferrihydrite (Fe₅HO₈·4H₂O approx.), or 5Fe₂O₃•9H₂O, better recast as FeOOH•0.4H₂O

high-pressure FeOOH
schwertmannite (ideally Fe₈O₈(OH)₆(SO)·nH₂O or Fe³⁺₁₆O₁₆(OH,SO₄)_12-13·10-12H₂O)^[2]
green rusts (Fe^III_xFe^II_y(OH)_3x+2y-z(A^-)_z; where A^- is Cl^- or 0.5SO₄^2-)

References

^ Cornell, RM (2003). The iron oxides: structure, properties, reactions, occurrences and uses. Wiley VCH. ISBN 3-527-30274-3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
^ http://www.mindat.org/min-7281.html Mindat

External links

[cor-1] Cornell, RM (2003). The iron oxides: structure, properties, reactions, occurrences and uses. Wiley VCH. ISBN 3-527-30274-3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

[2] ttp://www.mindat.org/min-7281.html Mindat

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-Iron oxides and oxide-hydroxides are widespread in nature, play an important role in many geological and biological processes, and are widely utilized by humans, e.g., as [[iron ore]]s, [[pigments]], [[catalyst]]s, in [[thermite]] (see the diagram).
+Iron oxides and oxide-hydroxides are widespread in nature, play an important role in many geological and biological processes, and are widely utilized by humans, e.g., as [[iron ore]]s, [[pigments]], [[catalyst]]s, in [[thermite]] (see the diagram). Common everyday [[rust]] is a form of iron(III) oxide.
 ==Oxides==