Palladium(II) iodide: Difference between revisions

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 428817735

| ImageFile = Unit cell of PdI2.png

| ImageSize =

| ImageAlt =

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CASNo = 7790-38-7

| PubChem = 82251

| EINECS = 232-203-7

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 74228

| SMILES = [Pd](I)I

| InChI = 1/2HI.Pd/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2

| InChIKey = HNNUTDROYPGBMR-NUQVWONBAU

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/2HI.Pd/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = HNNUTDROYPGBMR-UHFFFAOYSA-L

}}

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| Pd=1 | I=2

| MolarMass = 360.229 g/mol

| Appearance = Black crystals

| Density = 6,003 g/cm³

| MeltingPt = 350 °C (decomposes)

| BoilingPt =

| Solubility = Insoluble in water }}

|Section3={{Chembox Hazards

| MainHazards =

| GHS_ref=<ref>{{cite web |title=C&L Inventory |url=https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/115514 |website=echa.europa.eu |access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref>

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}

| GHSSignalWord = Warning

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|315|319|335}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|}}

| AutoignitionPt = }}

|Section8={{Chembox Related

| OtherAnions = [[Palladium(II) fluoride]]<br/>[[Palladium(II) chloride]]<br/>[[Palladium(II) bromide]]

'''Palladium(II) iodide''' is an inorganic compound of [[palladium]] and [[iodine]]. It is commercially available, though less common than [[palladium(II) chloride]], the usual entry point to palladium chemistry. Three [[Polymorphism (materials science)|polymorphs]] are known.<ref name=brauer/>

== Preparation ==

Palladium(II) iodide can be obtained by treating a dilute solution of palladium in [[nitric acid]] with [[sodium iodide]] at 80 °C.<ref name=brauer>{{Cite book |title=Handbuch der präparativen anorganischen Chemie. 3 |date=1981 |publisher=Enke |isbn=978-3-432-87823-2 |edition=3., umgearb. Aufl |location=Stuttgart}}</ref>

The high-temperature [[Polymorphism (materials science)|polymorph]] α-palladium(II) iodide can be produced by reaction of the elements at temperature above 600 °C. The γ-modification is produced as an almost amorphous powder by addition of iodide salts to aqueous H₂PdCl₄ solution . When heated in dilute hydrogen iodide solution, this polymorph transforms into the β phase at around 140 °C.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Brendel |first1=Kristin |last2=Thiele |first2=Gerhard |date=2001 |title=Binäre und Ternäre Verbindungen der Platinmetalle Palladium und Rhodium mit Tellur und Halogenen. Präparationen und strukturelle Charakterisierung. |url=https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/data/197}}</ref>

== Reactions and uses ==

Palladium(II) iodide is insoluble in water. It reacts with [[iodide]] giving PdI₄²⁻ [[Ion|anion]]:

:{{chem2|PdI2 + 2I- -> PdI4(2−)|}}

It finds use as a [[homogeneous catalyst|catalyst]].<ref>{{Citation|last1=Gabriele|first1=Bartolo|title=Palladium(II) Iodide|date=2006|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/047084289X.rn00658|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis|publisher=American Cancer Society|language=en|doi=10.1002/047084289x.rn00658|isbn=978-0-470-84289-8|access-date=2021-03-26|last2=Salerno|first2=Giuseppe}}</ref>

Historically, the quantity of palladium in a solution may be determined gravimetrically by precipitation as palladium(II) iodide.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1021/ac50128a015 | title = Determination of Palladium by Means of Potassium Iodide | year = 1938 | last1 = Beamish | first1 = F. E. | last2 = Dale | first2 = J. | journal = Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Analytical Edition | volume = 10 | issue = 12 | pages = 697}}</ref>

== Crystallography ==

Palladium(II) iodide is an almost X-ray amorphous black powder. The α-modification has an [[orthorhombic]] crystal structure with the [[space group]] ''Pnmn''(space group no. 58, position 5).<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Ans |first1=Jean d' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ssy59etLaksC&pg=PA668 |title=Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker |last2=Lax |first2=Ellen |date=1998 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-540-60035-0 |language=de}}</ref>

{{reflist}}

{{Iodides}}

[[Category:Platinum group halides]]