Gliquidone: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|Chemical compound}}

{{Drugbox

| verifiedrevid = 443836120

| IUPAC_name = 1-cyclohexyl-3-[4-[2-(7-methoxy-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxoisoquinolin-2-yl)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonylurea

| width = 275

<!--Clinical data-->

| tradename = Glurenorm

| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|gliquidone}}

| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->

| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X -->

| pregnancy_category = C

| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S3 / S4 / S8 -->

| legal_CA = <!-- / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->

| legal_UK = POM

| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->

| legal_status = Rx-only

| routes_of_administration = Oral ([[Tablet (pharmacy)|tablets]])

<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->

| bioavailability = High ([[Cmax (pharmacology)|T_max]] = 2–3 hours)

| protein_bound =

| metabolism = Extensive [[Liver|hepatic]]

| onset = 1–1.5 hours

| elimination_half-life =

| excretion = [[Bile|Biliary]] (95%), [[Kidney|renal]] (5%)

<!--Identifiers-->

| CAS_number = 33342-05-1

| ATC_prefix = A10

| ATC_suffix = BB08

| PubChem = 91610

| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}

| DrugBank = DB01251

| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}

| KEGG = D02430

<!--Chemical data-->

| C=27 | H=33 | N=3 | O=6 | S=1

| smiles = O=C(NC1CCCCC1)NS(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc2)CCN4C(=O)c3c(ccc(OC)c3)C(C4=O)(C)C

'''Gliquidone''' ([[International Nonproprietary Name|INN]], sold under the trade name '''Glurenorm''') is an [[anti-diabetic medication]] in the [[sulfonylurea]] class.<ref name="Malaisse_2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Malaisse WJ | title = Gliquidone contributes to improvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus management: a review of pharmacokinetic and clinical trial data | journal = Drugs in R&D | volume = 7 | issue = 6 | pages = 331–7 | date = 2006 | pmid = 17073516 | doi = 10.2165/00126839-200607060-00002 | s2cid = 10155445 }}</ref> It is classified as a second-generation sulfonylurea. It is used in the treatment of [[diabetes mellitus type 2]]. It is marketed by the pharmaceutical company [[Boehringer Ingelheim]] (Germany).

==Contraindications==

* Allergy to sulfonylureas or [[Sulfonamide (medicine)|sulfonamide]]s

* [[Diabetes mellitus type 1]]

* [[Diabetic ketoacidosis]]

* Patients that underwent [[Pancreatectomy|removal of the pancreas]]

* Acute [[porphyria]]

* Severe [[liver disease]] accompanying with liver insufficiency

* Several conditions (e.g., infectious diseases or major surgical intervention), when [[Insulin (medication)|insulin]] administration is required

* [[Pregnancy]] or [[breastfeeding]]<ref name = "PI">{{cite web|title=Glurenorm (gliquidone) 30 mg Tablets, for Oral Use. Full Prescribing Information|url=http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru//InstrImgMZ/PN/P%20N014529_01/2.INS/014529_002.gif|website=Russian State Register of Medicinal Products|publisher=Boehringer Ingelheim|access-date=12 July 2016|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814064150/http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru//InstrImgMZ/PN/P%20N014529_01/2.INS/014529_002.gif|archive-date=14 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Pharmacokinetics==

Gliquidone is fully metabolized by the liver. Its metabolites are excreted virtually completely with bile (even with long-term administration), thus allowing the use of medication in diabetic patients with kidney disease and [[diabetic nephropathy]].<ref name = "PI" />

==References==

{{reflist}}

{{Ion channel modulators}}

[[Category:Potassium channel blockers]]

[[Category:1-(Benzenesulfonyl)-3-cyclohexylureas]]

[[Category:Tetrahydroisoquinolines]]