User:BSchilling/RacismHealth
Social determinants of health
Institutional racism in the healthcare system
- Automatic White bias in medical education
- Only White people could go to medical school and practice medicine.
Still majority white doctors
- In-group empathy
- Racial Bias
- Legacy of slavery and colonialism in medical education
- Black people feeling pain
- Higher prevalences of diseases being treated as natural
- See also: Slavery hypertension hypothesis
Things that are actually taught at medical school
Anti-racism movement in medical system
Social determinants of health
- Resources
- Socioeconomic status
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3442603/ differences across race in SES contribute to differences in health outcomes - racial disparities in health
- Racism
- Health outcomes of experiencing even subtle acts of racism: increased risk of heart disease, clinical depression, LBW infants, poor sleep, obesity, mortality https://healthequity.globalpolicysolutions.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/RacismasSDOH.pdf
- https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hblog20200220.518458/full/
- Documented among AA, Arab Americans, Asian Americans, Latinos, Native Americans
- Insurance
- Types of jobs that provide health insurance - who holds them?
- 66% White, 46% black, 41% Latin, 36% AI/AN covered by employee-sponsored health insurance https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/health-matters-in-elections/racial-and-ethnic-disparities-in-employer-sponsored-health-coverage/
- Black people most likely to fall into Medicaid gap (income too high for Medicaid eligibility but not high enough to take advantage of subsidies under marketplace plans
- Insurance is a barrier to preventative care, disease management, screenings, access to prescriptions
- Uninsured rated by race/ethnicity (2018): https://www.kff.org/uninsured/state-indicator/rate-by-raceethnicity/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D
- White: 8%
- Black: 11%
- Hispanic: 19%
- Asian/NH/PI: 7%
- AI/AN: 22%
- Multiple races: 8%
- Types of jobs that provide health insurance - who holds them?
- Housing
- People of color over-represented among homeless population. (ref). Homelessness creates barriers to care: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218231/
- Connection between homelessness and health https://nhchc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/homelessness-and-health.pdf
- Homelessness complicates healthcare access: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218236/
- Distance from doctor
- Incarceration
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in incarceration: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3546523/
- Immigration status
- Insurance
- Documentation and insurance
- Insurance
Homelessness among Native American populations:
- Disproportionately high: https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/HNAIHousingNeeds.pdf
- https://www.npr.org/2018/07/21/631089441/grappling-with-native-american-homelessness
- African Americans: Disproportionately high homelessness: https://nhchc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/health-homelessness-and-racial-disparities.pdf
- https://nlihc.org/resource/study-finds-significant-racial-disparities-homelessness-rates
- https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2019/03/29/a-pileup-of-inequities-why-people-of-color-are-hit-hardest-by-homelessness
Social determinants of health[edit]
See also: Social determinants of health
Social determinants of health are conditions of a person's circumstances that affect their health outcomes [1]. These include social environment, physical environment, and access to services. Many social determinants of health differ across races and have impacts on health outcomes [2].
- ^ "NCHHSTP Social Determinants of Health". CDC NCHHSTP. CDC. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ^ (NEED)