View source for 1898–99 United States Senate elections

{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1898–99 United States Senate elections
| country = United States
| flag_year = 1898
| type = legislative
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1896–97 United States Senate elections
| previous_year = {{Nowrap|1896 & 1897}}
| next_election = 1900–01 United States Senate elections
| next_year = {{Nowrap|1900 & 1901}}
| seats_for_election = 30 of the 90 seats in the [[United States Senate]] (as well as special elections)
| majority_seats = 46
| election_date = January 25, 1898 – April 19, 1899
| 1blank = Seats up
| 2blank = Races won
| image_size = 160x180px
| party1 = Republican Party (US)
| leader1 = [[William B. Allison]]<ref>as [[Chairman of the Senate Republican Conference|Republican Conference Chair]]</ref>
| image1 = William B. Allison - Brady-Handy.jpg
| leader_since1 = March 4, 1897
| leaders_seat1 = [[List of United States senators from Iowa|Iowa]]
| seats_before1 = '''43'''
| seats_after1 = '''51'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 8
| 1data1 = 11
| 2data1 = '''17'''
| party2 = Democratic Party (US)
| leader2 = [[David Turpie]]<ref>as [[Democratic Caucus of the United States Senate|Democratic Caucus Chair]]</ref><br/>(Lost re-election)
| image2 = David Turpie.jpg
| leader_since2 = March 4, 1897
| leaders_seat2 = [[List of United States senators from Indiana|Indiana]]
| seats_before2 = 35
| seats_after2 = 27
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 8
| 1data2 = '''15'''
| 2data2 = 6
| party4 = Populist Party (US)
| seats_before4 = 5
| seats_after4 = 4
| seat_change4 = {{decrease}} 1
| 1data4 = 1
| 2data4 = 0
| party5 = Silver Republican Party
| seats_before5 = 4
| seats_after5 = 2
| seat_change5 = {{decrease}} 2
| 1data5 = 2
| 2data5 = 0
| party7 = Silver Party
| seats_before7 = 2
| seats_after7 = 2
| seat_change7 = {{steady}}
| 1data7 = 1
| 2data7 = 1
| title = Majority Party
| before_election = 
| before_party = Republican Party (US)
| after_election = 
| after_party = Republican Party (US)
| map_image = [[File:1898-1899 United States Senate elections results map.svg|380px]]
| map_size = 320px
| map_caption = '''Results of the elections:'''<br />{{legend0|#0671B0|Democratic gain}} {{legend0|#92C5DE|Democratic hold}}<br />{{legend0|#CA0120|Republican gain}} {{legend0|#F48882|Republican hold}}<br />{{legend0|#6f7c91|Silver hold}} {{legend0|#000000|Legislature failed to elect}}
}}
The '''1898–99 United States Senate elections''' were held on various dates in various states. As these [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] elections were prior to the ratification of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Seventeenth Amendment]] in 1913, senators were chosen by [[State legislature (United States)|state legislatures]]. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1898 and 1899, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to [[Gridlock (politics)|legislative deadlock]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment|title=17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)|website=National Archives and Records Administration|date=February 8, 2022}}</ref> In these elections, terms were up for the senators in [[Classes of United States senators|Class 1]].

The [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] gained eight seats at the expense of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] and several minor third parties. The Democrats saw strong gains in the concurrent [[1898 United States House of Representatives elections|1898 House of Representatives]] elections. However, this group of Senators were last up for election in [[1892–93 United States Senate elections|1892]], since which a [[Fourth Party System|major political realignment had occurred]]. Many state legislatures in northern states that had been controlled by Democrats during the [[Third Party System|third party system]] had flipped in the Republican wave years of [[1894 United States elections|1894]] and [[1896 United States elections|1896]], resulting in the huge number of seats the party gained in 1898.

The Democrats flipped a Silver Republican held seat in Montana while Republicans flipped a Populist held seat in Nebraska. In North Dakota, Wisconsin, Indiana, West Virginia, Maryland, New York, and New Jersey, Republicans flipped Democratic held seats.

A large number of state legislatures failed to fill their Senators during this election cycle: in Utah, a [[Silver Republican Party|Silver Republican]] failed to secure re-election; in Delaware and California, a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] did so; in Pennsylvania, a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] seat was lost.

In Nebraska and Florida, senators were elected shortly after the beginning of the [[56th United States Congress|56th Congress]] on March 4.

In Oregon, a special election was held to fill a vacant seat.

== Results summary ==
Senate party division, [[56th United States Congress|56th Congress]] (1899–1901)

* Majority party: Republican (52)
* Minority party: Democratic (25)
* Other parties: [[People's Party (United States)|Populist]] (4); [[Silver Republican Party|Silver Republican]] (2); [[Silver Party|Silver]] (2)
* Vacant: 5
* '''Total seats: 90'''

== Change in composition ==

=== Before the elections ===

After the October 7, 1898 special election in Oregon.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px

|-
| colspan=5 |
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|4}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|5}}

|-
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|15}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|14}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|13}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|12}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|11}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|10}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|9}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|8}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|7}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|6}}

|-
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|16}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|17}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|18}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|19}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|24}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|25}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}

|-
! {{party shading/Populist active}} | P{{Sub|5}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|34}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|33}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|32}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|31}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|30}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|29}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|28}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|27}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|26}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}

|-
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|4}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Silver}} | S{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Silver}} | S{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|2}}
! {{party shading/Silver Republican active}} | SR{{Sub|3}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Silver Republican active}} | SR{{Sub|4}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}

|-
| colspan=9 align=right | '''Plurality ↓'''
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Silver Republican active}} | SR{{Sub|5}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}

|-
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|36}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|37}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|38}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|39}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|40}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|41}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|42}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|43}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|44}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}

|-
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|35}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|34}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|33}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|32}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|31}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|30}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|29}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|28}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|27}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|26}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|16}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|17}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|18}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|19}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|20}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|21}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|22}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|23}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|24}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|25}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|15}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|14}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|13}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|12}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|11}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|10}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|9}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|8}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|7}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|6}}

|-
| colspan=5 |
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|4}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|5}}

|}

=== Result of the general elections ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px

|-
| colspan=5 |
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|4}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|5}}

|-
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|15}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|14}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|13}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|12}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|11}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|10}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|9}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|8}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|7}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|6}}

|-
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|16}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|17}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|18}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|19}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|24}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|25}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from SR}}

|-
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|50}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from D}}
! {{party shading/Silver Republican active}} | SR{{Sub|3}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Silver}} | S{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Silver}} | S{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|4}}

|-
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|49}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from D}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|48}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from D}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|47}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from D}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|46}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from D}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|45}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from D}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|44}}<br/>{{Small|Gain<br/>from D}}
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|43}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant active}} | V{{Sub|1}}<br/>{{Small|D Loss}}
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant active}} | V{{Sub|2}}<br/>{{Small|D Loss}}
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant active}} | V{{Sub|3}}<br/>{{Small|D Loss}}

|- style="height:1em"
| rowspan=2 colspan=6 align=right | '''Majority →'''

|- style="height:1em"
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|42}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant active}} | V{{Sub|6}}<br/>{{Small|R Loss}}
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant active}} | V{{Sub|5}}<br/>{{Small|SR Loss}}
! rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant active}} | V{{Sub|4}}<br/>{{Small|P Loss}}

|- style="height:1em"
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|36}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|37}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|38}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|39}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|40}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|41}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}

|-
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|35}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
! {{party shading/Republican active}} | R{{Sub|34}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|33}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|32}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|31}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|30}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|29}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|28}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|27}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|26}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|16}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|17}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|18}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|19}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|20}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|21}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|22}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|23}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|24}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|25}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|15}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|14}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|13}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|12}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|11}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|10}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|9}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|8}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|7}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|6}}

|-
| colspan=5 |
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|4}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|5}}

|}

=== Beginning of the next Congress ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px

|-
| colspan=5 |
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|4}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|5}}

|-
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|15}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|14}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|13}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|12}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|11}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|10}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|9}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|8}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|7}}
| width=50px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|6}}

|-
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|16}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|17}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|18}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|19}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|20}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|21}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|22}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|23}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|24}}
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|25}}

|-
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Silver}} | S{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Silver}} | S{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|4}}
! {{party shading/Democratic active}} | D{{Sub|26}}<br/>{{Small|Appointed}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|50}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|49}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|48}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|47}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|46}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|45}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|44}}
| rowspan=4 {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|1}}
| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|2}}
| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|3}}

|- style="height:1em"
| rowspan=2 colspan=6 align=right | '''Majority →'''
| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|43}}

|- style="height:1em"
| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|5}}
| rowspan=2 {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|4}}

|- style="height:1em"
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|36}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|37}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|38}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|39}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|40}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|41}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|42}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|35}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|34}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|33}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|32}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|31}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|30}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|29}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|28}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|27}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|26}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|16}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|17}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|18}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|19}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|20}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|21}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|22}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|23}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|24}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|25}}

|-
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|15}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|14}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|13}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|12}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|11}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|10}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|9}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|8}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|7}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|6}}

|-
| colspan=5 |
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|1}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|2}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|3}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|4}}
| {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|5}}

|}
{|
|- valign=top
! Key:
|
{| class=wikitable
|-
| align=center width=35px {{party shading/Democratic}} | D{{Sub|#}}
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
|-
| align=center width=35px {{party shading/Populist}} | P{{Sub|#}}
| [[Populist Party (United States)|Populist]]
|-
| align=center width=35px {{party shading/Republican}} | R{{Sub|#}}
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
|-
| align=center width=35px {{party shading/Silver}} | S{{Sub|#}}
| [[Silver Party|Silver]]
|-
| align=center width=35px {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | SR{{Sub|#}}
| [[Silver Republican Party|Silver Republican]]
|-
| align=center width=35px {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|#}}
| Vacant
|}
|}

== Race summaries ==

=== Elections during the 55th Congress ===
In these elections, the winners were seated during 1898 or in 1899 before March 4; ordered by election date.

{| class=wikitable

|- valign=bottom
! rowspan=2 | State
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! rowspan=2 | Results
! rowspan=2 | Candidates

|-
! Senator
! Party
! Electoral history

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Ohio|Ohio]]<br/>(Class 1)
| [[Mark Hanna]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| 1897 {{Small|(Appointed)}}
| Interim appointee [[1898 United States Senate special election in Ohio|elected]] January 12, 1898.<br/>Winner also elected to the next term; see below.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Mark Hanna]]''' (Republican) 73
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Robert McKisson]] (Republican) 70
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[John J. Lentz]] (Democratic) 1
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Oregon|Oregon]]<br/>(Class 3)
| colspan=3 | ''Vacant''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Legislature had failed to elect.<br/>New senator [[1898 United States Senate special election in Oregon|elected]] October 7, 1898.<br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Joseph Simon (politician)|Joseph Simon]]''' (Republican)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|}

=== Races leading to the 56th Congress ===
In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1899; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

{| class=wikitable

|- valign=bottom
! rowspan=2 | State
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! rowspan=2 | Results
! rowspan=2 | Candidates

|-
! Senator
! Party
! Electoral history

|-
! [[List of United States senators from California|California]]
| [[Stephen M. White]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1893 United States Senate election in California|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>Legislature failed to [[1900 United States Senate special election in California#1899 United States Senate election in California|elect]].<ref name=NYTCA>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 17, 1899 | title=WHITE'S SUCCESSOR NOT NAMED | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eSUs5H}}</ref><br/>Democratic loss.<br/>Seat remained vacant [[1900 United States Senate special election in California|until February 7, 1900]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Ulysses S. Grant Jr.]] (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Secretary of State of California|Daniel M. Burns]] (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Stephen M. White]] (Democratic)
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Robert N. Bulla]] (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[W. H. L. Barnes]] (Republican)<ref name=NYTCA/>
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Connecticut|Connecticut]]
| [[Joseph R. Hawley]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1881 United States Senate election in Connecticut|1881]]<br/>[[1887 United States Senate election in Connecticut|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Connecticut|1893]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Connecticut|re-elected]] January 17, 1899.<ref name=NYTCT>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 18, 1899 | title=Hawley Elected in Connecticut | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2esmee4}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Joseph R. Hawley]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Daniel N. Morgan]] (Democratic)
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Delaware|Delaware]]
| [[George Gray (Delaware politician)|George Gray]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1885 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1885 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1887 United States Senate election in Delaware|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Delaware|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Legislature failed to elect.<ref name=NYTDE>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 17, 1899 | title= DEADLOCK IN DELAWARE | pages=1, 2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eSNuhe}}</ref><br/>Democratic loss.<br/>Seat remained vacant [[1903 United States Senate special elections in Delaware|until 1903]].
| nowrap | {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[George Gray (Delaware politician)|George Gray]] (Democratic)<br/>{{dm|date=February 2020}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Florida|Florida]]
| [[Samuel Pasco]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1887 United States Senate election in Florida|1887]]<br/>1893 <small>(failure to elect)</small><br/>1893 {{Small|(appointed)}}<br/>[[1893 United States Senate special election in Florida|1893 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Legislature failed to elect.<ref name=NYTFL>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=March 4, 1899 | title= Senator Pasco's Credentials | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eSSh2e}}</ref><br/>Democratic loss.<br/>Incumbent appointed to begin the term.<ref name=NYTFL/><br/>Incumbent lost election to finish the term; see below.
| {{dm|date=February 2020}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Indiana|Indiana]]
| [[David Turpie]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1863 United States Senate special election in Indiana|1863 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>1863 {{Small|(retired)}}<br/>[[1887 United States Senate election in Indiana|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Indiana|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator [[1893 United States Senate election in Indiana|elected]] January 17, 1899.<br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Albert J. Beveridge]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[David Turpie]] (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Maine|Maine]]
| [[Eugene Hale]]
| {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1881 United States Senate election in Maine|1881]]<br/>[[1887 United States Senate election in Maine|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Maine|1893]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Maine|re-elected]] January 17, 1899.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Eugene Hale]]''' (Republican) 84
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}Samuel L. Lord (Democratic) 15<ref>{{cite journal |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Maine. 1899. Sixty-Ninth Legislature |journal=House Journal |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068039745&view=1up&seq=97 |location=Augusta |publisher=Kennebec Journal Print |page=91 |date=1899 }}</ref>
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Maryland|Maryland]]
| [[Arthur P. Gorman]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1880 United States Senate election in Maryland|1880]]<br/>[[1886 United States Senate election in Maryland|1886]]<br/>[[1892 United States Senate election in Maryland|1892]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator [[1898 United States Senate election in Maryland|elected]] January 25, 1898.<ref name=POMD>{{cite book | title=Public Opinion | page=137 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QKNAAAAAMAAJ | year=1898}}</ref><br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Louis E. McComas]]''' (Republican) 63
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Arthur P. Gorman]] (Democratic) 47
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[FNU] Shaw (Republican) 4<ref name=POMD/>
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Massachusetts|Massachusetts]]
| [[Henry Cabot Lodge]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1893 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|1893]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|re-elected]] in 1899.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Henry Cabot Lodge]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[FNU] Bruce (Democratic)
* {{Party stripe|Social Democratic Party (US)}}[[P. Porter Winfield]] (Social Democratic)<ref>{{cite news | work =[[The New York Times]] | date=January 18, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eXmQ77 | title=Henry Cabot Lodge Re-elected}}</ref>
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Michigan|Michigan]]
| [[Julius C. Burrows]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1895 United States Senate special election in Michigan|1895 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Michigan|re-elected]] in 1899.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Julius C. Burrows]]''' (Republican)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Minnesota|Minnesota]]
| [[Cushman Davis]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1886 United States Senate election in Minnesota|1886]]<br/>[[1892 United States Senate election in Minnesota|1892]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Minnesota|re-elected]] January 18, 1899.<ref>{{cite news | work=[[The Chicago Daily Tribune]] | date=January 19, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1899/01/19/page/2/article/senators-formally-elected | title=SENATORS FORMALLY ELECTED}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Cushman Davis]]''' (Republican)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Mississippi|Mississippi]]
| [[Hernando Money]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| 1897 {{Small|(appointed)}}
| Interim appointee [[1899 United States Senate election in Mississippi|elected]] in 1899.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Hernando Money]]''' (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Missouri|Missouri]]
| [[Francis Cockrell]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1874 United States Senate election in Missouri|1874]]<br/>[[1881 United States Senate election in Missouri|1881]]<br/>[[1887 United States Senate election in Missouri|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Missouri|1893]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Missouri|re-elected]] January 19, 1899.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://nyti.ms/2dZT17d | title=Cockrell Re-elected in Missouri | work=[[The New York Times]] | date= January 18, 1899 | page=2}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Francis Cockrell]]''' (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Montana|Montana]]
| [[Lee Mantle]]
| {{Party shading/Silver Republican}} | Silver<br/>Republican
| [[1895 United States Senate special election in Montana|1895 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Incumbent lost renomination.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in Montana|elected]] in 1899.<br/>'''Democratic gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William A. Clark]]''' (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Nebraska|Nebraska]]
| [[William V. Allen]]
| {{Party shading/Populist}} | Populist
| [[1893 United States Senate election in Nebraska|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Legislature failed to elect.<ref name=NYTNE1>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | title=No Election in Nebraska | url=http://nyti.ms/2eXkzJ1 | page=2}}</ref><br/>Populist loss.<br/>The seat was filled in March 1899; see below.
| nowrap | {{Party stripe|Populist Party (US)}}[[William V. Allen]] (Populist)

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Nevada|Nevada]]
| [[William M. Stewart]]
| {{Party shading/Silver Republican}} | Silver<br/>Republican
| [[1887 United States Senate election in Nevada|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Nevada|1893]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Nevada|re-elected]] January 24, 1899.<ref name=NYTNV>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 25, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eu0nTM | title=Stewart Re-elected in Nevada}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Silver Republican Party}}{{Aye}} '''[[William M. Stewart]]''' (Silver Republican) 24
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}Abner C. Cleveland (Republican) 6
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}W. W. Williams (Republican) 10
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}N. H. A. Mason (Unknown) 3
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[William Woodburn]] (Republican) 1{{sfn | United States Senate Elections — 1899|p=244}}<ref>{{cite book |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=1899 |title=The Journal of the Assembly of the Nineteenth Session of the Legislature of the State of Nevada, 1899 |url=https://asm.leg.state.nv.us/Journals/1899%2019th%20Session%20Journal%20of%20the%20Nevada%20State%20Assembly.pdf |location=Carson City, Nevada |publisher=State Printing Office |page=34 }}</ref>
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from New Jersey|New Jersey]]
| [[James Smith Jr.]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1893 United States Senate election in New Jersey|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in New Jersey|elected]] January 24, 1899.<ref name=NYTNJ>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 25, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eD3UPG | title=KEAN UNITED STATES SENATOR}}</ref><br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Kean (New Jersey)|John Kean]]''' (Republican) 51 votes
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[James Smith Jr.]] (Democratic) 29 votes
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from New York|New York]]
| [[Edward Murphy Jr.]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1893 United States Senate election in New York|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in New York|elected]] January 17, 1899.<br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Chauncey Depew]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Edward Murphy Jr.]] (Democratic)
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from North Dakota|North Dakota]]
| [[William N. Roach]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1893 United States Senate election in North Dakota|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in Nevada|elected]] January 20, 1899.<ref name=NYTND>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 21, 1899 | page=1 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eu3Kd3 | title=An Election in North Dakota}}</ref><br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Porter J. McCumber]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[William N. Roach]] (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Ohio|Ohio]]
| [[Mark Hanna]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| 1897 {{Small|(appointed)}}
| Interim appointee [[1898 United States Senate election in Ohio|elected]] January 12, 1898.<br/>Winner also elected to finish the term; see above.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Mark Hanna]]''' (Republican) 73 votes
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Robert McKisson]] (Republican) 70 votes
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[John J. Lentz]] (Democratic) 1 vote
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]]
| [[Matthew S. Quay]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1887 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Legislature failed to elect.<br/>Republican loss.<br/>Incumbent appointed to start the term, but Senate rejected credentials.<br/>Seat remained vacant [[1901 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|until 1901]].
| nowrap | {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Matthew S. Quay]] (Republican)

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Rhode Island|Rhode Island]]
| [[Nelson W. Aldrich]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1881 United States Senate special election in Rhode Island|1881 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1886 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|1886]]<br/>[[1892 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|1892]]
| Incumbent [[1898 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|re-elected]] in 1898.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Nelson W. Aldrich]]''' (Republican)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Tennessee|Tennessee]]
| [[William B. Bate]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1887 United States Senate election in Tennessee|1887]]<br/> [[1893 United States Senate election in Tennessee|1893]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Tennessee|re-elected]] in 1899.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William B. Bate]]''' (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Texas|Texas]]
| [[Roger Q. Mills]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1892 United States Senate special election in Texas|1892]]<br/> [[1893 United States Senate election in Texas|1893]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in Texas|elected]] January 24, 1899.<ref name=NYTTX>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 25, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eu0azT | title=Culberson Elected in Texas}}</ref><br/>Democratic hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Charles Allen Culberson|Charles Culberson]]''' (Democratic)
* ''Unopposed''
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Utah|Utah]]
| [[Frank J. Cannon]]
| {{party shading/Silver Republican}} | Silver<br/>Republican
| [[1896 United States Senate elections in Utah|1896]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Legislature failed to elect.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0wQ0AAAAIBAJ&pg=6336,1088274 |title= Utah Fails to Elect Senator |work= [[Boston Evening Transcript]] |date= March 10, 1899 | access-date= April 30, 2010}}</ref><br/>Silver Republican loss.<br/>Seat remained vacant [[1901 United States Senate special election in Utah|until 1901]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Frank J. Cannon]] (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Alfred W. McCune]] (Democratic)
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Vermont|Vermont]]
| [[Redfield Proctor]]
| {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| 1891 {{Small|(appointed)}}<br/>[[1892 United States Senate special election in Vermont|1892 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1892 United States Senate election in Vermont|1892]]
| Incumbent [[1898 United States Senate election in Vermont|re-elected]] October 19, 1898.<ref>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date= October 19, 1898 | page=4 | url=http://nyti.ms/2f0dqaD | title= Senator Proctor Re-elected}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Redfield Proctor]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Thomas W. Moloney]] (Democratic)
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Virginia|Virginia]]
| [[John W. Daniel]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1887 United States Senate elections in Virginia|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in Virginia|1893]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate elections in Virginia|re-elected]] in 1899.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John W. Daniel]]''' (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Washington|Washington]]
| [[John L. Wilson]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1895 United States Senate special election in Washington|1895 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| {{party shading/Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent lost renomination.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in Washington|elected]] February 1, 1899.<ref>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=February 2, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2f0dqaD | title=AN ELECTION IN WASHINGTON}}</ref><br/>Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Addison G. Foster]]''' (Republican)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from West Virginia|West Virginia]]
| [[Charles J. Faulkner]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1887 United States Senate election in West Virginia|1887]]<br/>[[1893 United States Senate election in West Virginia|1893]]
| {{party shading/Republican}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in West Virginia|elected]] January 25, 1899.<ref name=NYTWV>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 26, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eRdwBH | title=WEST VIRGINIA'S NEW SENATOR}}</ref><br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Nathan B. Scott]]''' (Republican) 48
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[J. F. McGraw]] (Democratic) 46
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}[[Nathan Goff Jr.]] (Republican) 1<ref name=NYTWV/>
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Wisconsin|Wisconsin]]
| [[John L. Mitchell]]
| {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1893 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|1893]]
| {{party shading/Republican}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in Wisconsin|elected]] January 31, 1899.<ref>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=February 1, 1899 | title=Quarles Elected in Wisconsin | page=8 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eFUVgC}}</ref><br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Joseph V. Quarles]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Timoth E. Ryan]] (Democratic)
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Wyoming|Wyoming]]
| [[Clarence D. Clark]]
| {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican
| [[1895 United States Senate special election in Wyoming|1895 {{Small|(special)}}]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Wyoming|re-elected]] January 24, 1899.<ref name=NYTWY>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 25, 1899 | page=2 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eFFwwE | title=Clark Re-elected in Wyoming}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Clarence D. Clark]]''' (Republican)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[John Eugene Osborne]] (Democratic)
}}

|}

=== Elections during the 56th Congress ===
In these elections, the winners were elected in 1899 after March 4, and seated in the '''56th Congress'''.

{| class=wikitable

|- valign=bottom
! rowspan=2 | State
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! rowspan=2 | Results
! rowspan=2 | Candidates

|- valign=bottom
! Senator
! Party
! Electoral history

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Nebraska|Nebraska]]<br/>(Class 1)
| colspan=3 | ''Vacant''
| {{Party shading/Republican}} | Legislature had failed to elect; see above.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate election in Nebraska|elected late]] March 8, 1899.<ref name=NYTNE2>{{cite news | work=[[The New York Times]] | title= Hayward Elected in Nebraska | page=2 | date=March 9, 1899 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eXlbhD}}</ref><br/>'''Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Monroe Hayward]]''' (Republican) 74
* {{Party stripe|Populist Party (US)}}[[William V. Allen]] (Populist) 58<ref name=NYTNE2/>
}}

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Florida|Florida]]<br/>(Class 1)
| [[Samuel Pasco]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1887 United States Senate election in Florida|1887]]<br/>1893 <small>(failure to elect)</small><br/>1893 {{Small|(appointed)}}<br/>[[1893 United States Senate special election in Florida|1893 {{Small|(special)}}]]<br/>[[1899 United States Senate election in Florida|1899 <small>(failure to elect)</small>]]<br/>1899 {{Small|(appointed)}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic/Hold}} | Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.<br/>New senator [[1899 United States Senate special election in Florida|elected]] April 19, 1899.{{sfn | Byrd | page=93}}<br/>Democratic hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Taliaferro]]''' (Democratic)
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Samuel Pasco]] (Democratic)
}}

|}

In this election, the winner was seated in the '''57th Congress''', starting March 4, 1901.

{| class=wikitable

|- valign=bottom
! rowspan=2 | State
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! rowspan=2 | Results
! rowspan=2 | Candidates

|-
! Senator
! Party
! Electoral history

|-
! [[List of United States senators from Virginia|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[Thomas S. Martin]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic
| [[1893 United States Senate special election in Virginia|1893 {{Small|(early)}}]]
| Incumbent [[1899 United States Senate election in Virginia|re-elected early]] December 19, 1899 for the term beginning March 4, 1901.<ref>{{cite news | title= Senator Martin Is Re-elected | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=December 20, 1899 | page = 9 | url=http://nyti.ms/2eLHbAJ}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Thomas S. Martin]]''' (Democratic)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}

|}

== Maryland ==
<!-- {{Main|1898 United States Senate election in Maryland}} -->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Maryland}}
{{Expand section|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1898 United States Senate election in Maryland
| popular_vote1 = '''80'''
| colour1 = FFB6B6
| percentage1 = '''93.02%'''
| party1 = Republican Party (United States)
| candidate1 = '''[[Louis E. McComas]]'''
| image1 = Louis e mccomas.jpg
| popular_vote2 = 
| colour2 = 
| percentage2 = 
| party2 = 
| candidate2 = 
| image2 = 
| next_year = 1904
| next_election = 1904 United States Senate election in Maryland
| previous_year = 1892
| previous_election = 1892 United States Senate election in Maryland
| votes_for_election = 80 members of the [[Maryland General Assembly]]
| vote_type = Legislative
| election_date = 1898
| type = presidential
}}
[[Louis E. McComas]] won election by an unknown margin of votes for the Class 1 seat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=111389|title=Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - 00, 1898|access-date=2022-11-05|website=www.ourcampaigns.com}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

== Minnesota ==
{{Main|1899 United States Senate election in Minnesota}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Minnesota}}

== New York ==
{{Main|1899 United States Senate election in New York}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from New York}}
The election in New York was held January 17, 1899.

Democrat [[Edward Murphy Jr.]] had been elected to this seat in [[1893 United States Senate election in New York|1893]], and his term would expire on March 3, 1899. At the [[1898 New York state election|State election in November 1898]], 27 Republicans and 23 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1899–1900) in the State Senate; and 88 Republicans and 62 Democrats were elected for the session of 1899 to the Assembly. The [[122nd New York State Legislature]] met from January 4 to April 28, 1899, at [[Albany, New York]].

The [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] caucus met on January 12. State Senator [[Hobart Krum]] presided. They nominated [[Chauncey M. Depew]] unanimously. Depew had been [[Secretary of State of New York]] from 1864 to 1865, and was the frontrunning candidate to succeed [[Thomas C. Platt]] at the [[1881 United States Senate special elections in New York|U.S. Senate special election in 1881]] when he withdrew after the 41st ballot. Parallel to his political career, he moved up the ladder in the [[Cornelius Vanderbilt|Vanderbilt]] Railroad System, being President of the [[New York Central and Hudson River Railroad]] from 1885 to 1898, and holding positions in dozens of other railroad companies.

The [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] caucus met also on January 12. State Senator [[George W. Plunkitt]] presided. They re-nominated the incumbent U.S. Senator [[Edward Murphy Jr.]] unanimously.

Chauncey M. Depew was the choice of both the Assembly and the State Senate, and was declared elected.

{| class=wikitable
|+'''1899 United States Senator election result'''
|-
! House
! colspan=2 | [[United States Republican Party|Republican]]
! colspan=2 | [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]]

|-
| [[New York State Senate|State Senate]] <br/>(50 members)
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Aye}} '''[[Chauncey M. Depew]]'''
}}
| align="right" | '''27'''
| [[Edward Murphy Jr.]]
| align="right" | 23

|-
| [[New York State Assembly|State Assembly]] <br/>(150 members)
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Aye}} '''[[Chauncey M. Depew]]'''
}}
| align="right" | '''84'''
| [[Edward Murphy Jr.]]
| align="right" | 60

|}

Note: The votes were cast on January 17, but both Houses met in a joint session on January 18 to compare nominations, and declare the result.

== Ohio ==
{{Main|1898 United States Senate election in Ohio}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Ohio|1898 United States Senate special election in Ohio}}

== Oregon ==
{{Main|1898 United States Senate election in Oregon}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Oregon|1898 United States Senate special election in Oregon}}

== Oregon (special) ==
{{Main|1898 United States Senate special election in Oregon}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Oregon|1898 United States Senate election in Oregon}}

== Rhode Island ==
{{Main|1898 United States Senate election in Rhode Island}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Rhode Island}}

== South Carolina (special) ==
{{Main|1898 United States Senate special election in South Carolina}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from South Carolina}}

== Utah ==
<!--{{Main|1899 United States Senate election in Utah}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Utah}}
In mid-August 1898, [[Alfred W. McCune]] decided to seek office as a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] for the [[United States Senate]].{{sfn | Alexander | page= 10}} State legislators had already indicated they would not support the incumbent, [[Frank J. Cannon]] for reelection.  Cannon, a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]], had voted against the [[Dingley Act]], which would have raised [[tariff]]s on sugar and helped the Utah sugar industry.{{sfn | Powell | page=70}} The Dingley bill was strongly supported by the LDS Church hierarchy, who now opposed his reelection.{{sfn | Powell | page= 70}} Other factors were his support for [[Free Silver]]; rumors about immoral acts he may have committed while living in Washington, D.C.; and that the Utah legislature was controlled by Democrats.{{sfn | Powell | page= 70}} The McCunes were close friends with [[Heber J. Grant]], seventh LDS Church [[President of the Church (LDS Church)|president]] and an ordained [[Apostle (Latter Day Saints)|LDS apostle]].{{sfn | Wadley}} Although the LDS church had (just weeks before) made a decision to stay out of state politics, McCune asked Grant for the church's assistance in winning office.{{sfn | Alexander | page= 10}} Grant consulted with [[Joseph F. Smith]] (Apostle and sixth LDS president) and [[John Henry Smith]] (a member of the [[Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)|Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]] and the [[First Presidency (LDS Church)|First Presidency]] of the LDS Church), both of whom supported McCune's senatorial bid.{{sfn | Alexander | page= 10}} But McCune was not alone in seeking the office.  Former [[United States House of Representatives|Representative]] [[William H. King]] was also running (and backed by two Apostles), as was [[James Moyle]] (a prominent attorney and founder of the [[Utah Democratic Party]] who was backed by state legislators) and [[George Q. Cannon]] (an Apostle and member of the First Presidency).{{sfn | Alexander | page= 10}}

At the time, members of the Senate were still elected by their respective state legislatures.{{sfn | Alexander | page= 10}} The Utah state legislature convened in January 1899.{{sfn | Whitney | 1916  | page= 527}} There were 13 [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]] and 50 Democrats in the state legislature.{{sfn | Smoot | page=860}} From the beginning, McCune was considered the leading candidate.{{sfn | Whitney | 1916  | page= 527}} But the legislature quickly deadlocked over the election. One-hundred and twenty-one ballots were cast, and no winner emerged.{{sfn | Whitney | 1916  | page= 527}} McCune was one or two votes shy of winning on several ballots.{{sfn | Whitney | 1916  | page= 527}} on February 18, before the 122nd ballot, state representative Albert A. Law (a Republican from [[Cache County, Utah|Cache County]] and a Cannon supporter) claimed McCune offered him $1,500 for his vote.{{sfn | Smoot | page=863}} McCune strenuously denied the charge, and a seven-member legislative established to investigate the allegation.{{sfn | Whitney | 1916  | page= 527}}{{sfn | Smoot | page=863}} The committee voted 7-to-2 to absolve McCune of the charge, and this outcome was announced to the legislature on March 6.{{sfn | Whitney | 1916  | page= 527}}{{sfn | Smoot | page=863}} Balloting resumed, and on March 8, on the 149th ballot, McCune still lacked enough votes to win office (he had only 25 votes).{{sfn | Whitney | 1916  | page= 527}}{{sfn | Smoot | page=863}} The legislature adjourned without having chosen a senator,<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1899/03/11/100437122.pdf | title=Utah With One Senator | work=[[The New York Times]] | date= March 11, 1899}}</ref> and McCune traveled in Europe for several weeks to regain his health (returning in June 1899).{{sfn | Whitney1904 | page=508}}

Utah's U.S. Senate seat remained vacant until January 1901.

== Vermont ==
{{Main|1898 United States Senate election in Vermont}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Vermont}}

== See also ==

[[File:Hanna button.jpg|thumb|[[Mark Hanna]] campaign button in Ohio|alt=A late 19th century celluloid political button in black and white; on the top "For U.S. Senator" and at bottom "M.A. Hanna", framing an image of the candidate]]
* [[1898 United States elections]]
** [[1898 United States House of Representatives elections]]
* [[55th United States Congress]]
* [[56th United States Congress]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

== References ==
* [https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm Party Division in the Senate, 1789–Present], via Senate.gov
* {{cite book
| title=Proceedings before the Committee on Privileges and Elections of the United States Senate in the Matter of the Protests Against the Right on Hon. Reed Smoot, a Senator from the State of Utah, to Hold his Seat.
| volume=1
| year=1906
| location = [[Washington, D.C.]]
| publisher = [[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ieo3AQAAIAAJ
| ref = {{sfnRef | Smoot}}
}}
* {{cite book
| title=Mormonism in Transition
| last= Alexander | first=Thomas G. | author-link1 = Thomas G. Alexander
| place = [[Urbana, Illinois]]
| publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]]
| year=1996
| ref= {{sfnRef | Alexander}}
}}
* {{cite book
| title = The Senate, 1789–1989: Historical Statistics, 1789–1992
| last = Byrd | first = Robert C. | author-link1 = Robert Byrd
| editor1-first = Wendy | editor1-last = Wolff
| edition = volume 4 Bicentennial
| department = [[United States Senate Historical Office]]
| location = [[Washington, D.C.]]
| publisher = [[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]
| date = October 1, 1993
| isbn = 9780160632563 | ref = {{sfnRef | Byrd}}
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C
}}
* {{cite book
| title = Jews in American Politics
| last = Maisel | first = Louis S.
| place = [[Lanham, Maryland]]
| publisher = Rowman & Littlefield
| year = 2001
| ref = {{sfnRef | Maisel}}
}}
* {{cite book 
| title = Utah History Encyclopedia
| last = Powell | first= Allan Kent
| place= Salt Lake City
| publisher = [[University of Utah Press]]
| year=1995
| ref = {{sfnRef | Powell}}
}}
* {{cite book
| title=The Tribune Almanac and Political Register 1899
| publisher=[[The Tribune Association]]
| location = [[New York City|New York]]
| date = 1899
| pages = 255–256
| chapter= United States Senators
| url= https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015065248588;view=1up;seq=265
| via = [[Hathi Trust Digital Library]]
| ref = {{sfnRef | United States Senate Elections — 1898}}
| last1=Rhoades
| first1=Henry Eckford
| last2=McPherson
| first2=Edward
| last3=Schem
| first3=A. J.
| last4=Ottarson
| first4=F. J.
| last5=Cleveland
| first5=John F.
| last6=Greeley
| first6=Horace
}}
* {{cite book
| title=The Tribune Almanac and Political Register 1900
| publisher=[[The Tribune Association]]
| location = [[New York City|New York]]
| date = 1900
| pages = 240–247
| chapter= United States Senators
| url= https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044014650485;view=1up;seq=252
| via = [[Hathi Trust Digital Library]]
| ref = {{sfnRef | United States Senate Elections — 1899}}
| last1=Rhoades
| first1=Henry Eckford
| last2=McPherson
| first2=Edward
| last3=Schem
| first3=A. J.
| last4=Ottarson
| first4=F. J.
| last5=Cleveland
| first5=John F.
| last6=Greeley
| first6=Horace
}}
* {{cite news
| title=A Unique 100-Year-Old Heirloom
| last=Wadley | first=Carma
| publisher=[[Deseret News]]
| date= April 19, 2001
| ref = {{sfnRef | Wadley}}
}}
* {{cite book
| title= History of Utah
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=C0cOAAAAIAAJ
| last=Whitney | first=Orson F.
| volume=IV Biographical
| publisher=George Q. Cannon & Sons., Co.
| date=October 1904
}}
* {{cite book
| title= Popular History of Utah
| publisher=Deseret News
| url= https://archive.org/details/popularhistoryof00whitrich
| last=Whitney | first=Orson F.
| work=[[The Deseret News]]
| date=1916
}}
* {{Cite news | url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1899/01/13/117910377.pdf | title=MR. DEPEW FOR SENATOR | work=[[The New York Times]] | date= January 13, 1899}}
* {{Cite news | url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1899/01/13/117910371.pdf | title=Senator Murphy Renominated | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 13, 1899}}
* {{Cite news | url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1899/01/18/105967297.pdf | title=ELECTION OF MR. DEPEW | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 18, 1899}}
{{United States Senate elections}}
{{1898 United States elections}}
{{1899 United States elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1898-99 United States Senate elections}}
[[Category:1898 United States Senate elections| ]]
[[Category:1899 United States Senate elections| ]]