View source for 27th Chess Olympiad

{{Short description|1986 chess tournament in Dubai, United Arab Emirates}}
[[File:Chess Olympiad Dubai 1986.gif|right|thumb|The official logo for the Olympiad.]]
The '''27th [[Chess Olympiad]]''' ({{langx|ar|أولمبياد الشطرنج ال27}}, ''uwlimbiad al-shatranj al-27''), organized by [[Fédération Internationale des Échecs|FIDE]] and comprising an open<ref>Although commonly referred to as the ''men's division'', this section is open to both male and female players.</ref> and a women's tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of [[chess]], took place between November 14 and December 2, 1986, in [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]].

Once again, the Olympiad was marred by politics. With the event being held in an Arab nation, Israel couldn't participate, being in an official state of war with several Arab countries. In protest, Western European nations like Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands didn't come to Dubai. Strong individual players like [[Viktor Korchnoi]], [[Robert Hübner]], and [[Eric Lobron]] also stayed away.

With no championship match in progress at the time, the Soviet Union was again able to field the strongest possible team, led by reigning world champion [[Garry Kasparov|Kasparov]] and ex-champion [[Anatoly Karpov|Karpov]]. Even so, they only finished half a point ahead of England, and they only managed to capture the top spot in the last round. The United States, who had led the table after the penultimate round, had to settle for the bronze medals.

==Open event==
[[File:England 1986 Dubai.jpg|right|thumb|The English team: [[Jon Speelman|Speelman]], [[Nigel Short|Short]], [[John Nunn|Nunn]], [[Tony Miles|Miles]]]]
For the first time, the number of participants reached triple digits. 108 teams from 107 different nations played a 14-round [[Swiss system tournament]]. In the event of a draw, the tie-break was decided first by using the [[Buchholz system]], then by match points.

:{| class="wikitable"
|+ Open event
! # !! Country !! Players !! Average<br/>rating !! Points
|-
| style="background:gold;"|1 || '''{{URS}}''' || '''[[Garry Kasparov|Kasparov]], [[Anatoly Karpov|Karpov]], [[Andrei Sokolov|Sokolov]], [[Artur Yusupov (chess player)|Yusupov]], [[Rafael Vaganian|Vaganian]], [[Vitaly Tseshkovsky|Tseshkovsky]]''' || '''2681''' || '''40'''
|-
| style="background:silver;"|2 || {{ENG}} || [[Tony Miles|Miles]], [[John Nunn|Nunn]], [[Nigel Short|Short]], [[Murray Chandler|Chandler]], [[Jon Speelman|Speelman]], [[Glenn Flear|Flear]] || 2585 || 39½
|-
| style="background:#cc9966;"|3 || {{USA}} || [[Yasser Seirawan|Seirawan]], [[Larry Christiansen|Christiansen]], [[Lubomir Kavalek|Kavalek]], [[John Fedorowicz|Fedorowicz]], [[Nick de Firmian|De Firmian]], [[Maxim Dlugy|Dlugy]] || 2555 || 38½
|}
:{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! # !! Country !! Average<br/>rating !! Points !! Buchholz !! MP
|-
| 4 || {{HUN}} || 2584 || 34½ ||  || 
|-
| 5 || {{ISL}} || 2526 || 34 || 466.0 || 
|-
| 6 || {{flag|Bulgaria|1971}} || 2479 || 34 || 465.0 || 
|-
| 7 || {{CHN}} || 2448 || 34 || 432.5 || 
|-
| 8 || {{CSK}} || 2523 || 33 || 456.5 || 
|-
| 9 || {{CUB}} || 2510 || 33 || 452.0 || 
|-
| 10 || {{FRA}} || 2499 || 33 || 443.5 || 
|-
| 11 || {{ARG}} || 2501 || 33 || 443.0 || 
|-
| 12 || {{PER}} || 2380 || 33 || 426.5 || 
|-
| 13 || {{FRG}} || 2473 || 32½ || 436.0 || 
|-
| 14 || {{AUT}} || 2394 || 32½ || 421.0 || 
|-
| 15 || {{YUG}} || 2580 || 32 || 466.5 || 
|-
| 16 || {{POL}} || 2445 || 32 || 446.0 || 
|-
| 17 || {{POR}} || 2385 || 32 || 420.0 || 
|-
| 18 || {{flag|Romania|1965}} || 2525 || 31½ || 466.5 || 
|-
| 19 || {{INA}} || 2418 || 31½ || 445.5 || 
|-
| 20 || {{flag|Brazil|1968}} || 2433 || 31½ || 444.0 || 
|-
| 21 || {{CHI}} || 2451 || 31½ || 443.0 || 
|-
| 22 || {{SCO}} || 2395 || 31½ || 432.0 || 
|-
| 23 || {{CAN}} || 2406 || 31½ || 420.0 || 
|-
| 24 || {{ESP}} || 2460 || 31 || 462.5 || 
|-
| 25 || {{IND}} || 2389 || 31 || 413.5 || 
|-
| 26 || {{GRE}} || 2389 || 31 || 411.0 || 
|-
| 27 || {{ITA}} || 2413 || 30½ || 434.0 || 
|-
| 28 || {{flagcountry|PHI|1986}} || 2348 || 30½ || 424.0 || 
|-
| 29 || {{SUI}} || 2413 || 30½ || 423.0 || 
|-
| 30 || {{BEL}} || 2355 || 30½ || 403.5 || 
|-
| 31 || {{AUS}} || 2419 || 30 || 426.5 || 
|-
| 32 || {{DOM}} || 2319 || 30 || 415.5 || 
|-
| 33 || {{SIN}} || 2281 || 30 || 413.5 || 17
|-
| 34 || {{FIN}} || 2415 || 30 || 413.5 || 15
|-
| 35 || {{COL}} || 2403 || 30 || 405.5 || 
|-
| 36 || {{flag|Paraguay|1954}} || 2280 || 30 || 399.5 || 
|-
| 37 || {{NZL}} || 2321 || 30 || 396.5 || 
|-
| 38 || {{flag|Iraq|1963}} || 2214 || 30 || 393.5 || 
|-
| 39 || {{TUR}} || 2344 || 29½ || 425.5 || 
|-
| 40 || {{EGY}} || 2269 || 29½ || 419.0 || 
|-
| 41 || {{MEX}} || 2316 || 29½ || 409.5 || 
|-
| 42 || {{MYS}} || 2271 || 29½ || 385.0 || 
|-
| 43 || {{ECU}} || 2323 || 29 || 420.5 || 
|-
| 44 || {{NCA}} || 2264 || 29 || 412.5 || 
|-
| 45 || {{flag|Tunisia|1959}} || 2293 || 29 || 409.0 || 
|-
| 46 || {{IRL}} || 2290 || 29 || 408.0 || 
|-
| 47 || {{flag|Venezuela|1930}} || 2243 || 29 || 404.0 || 
|-
| 48 || {{PAK}} || 2315 || 29 || 402.0 || 
|-
| 49 || {{LIB}} || 2239 || 29 || 391.0 || 
|-
| 50 || {{URU}} || 2254 || 28½ || 403.0 || 
|-
| 51 || {{WAL}} || 2314 || 28½ || 401.0 || 
|-
| 52 || {{flagcountry|PUR|1952}} || 2255 || 28½ || 399.0 || 
|-
| 53 || {{GUA}} || 2264 || 28½ || 397.5 || 
|-
| 54 || {{ESA}} || 2233 || 28½ || 391.5 || 
|-
| 55 || {{CRC}} || 2239 || 28 || 389.5 || 
|-
| 56 || {{MLT}} || 2251 || 28 || 388.5 || 
|-
| 57 || {{AND}} || 2215 || 28 || 373.5 || 
|-
| 58 || {{SYR}} || 2306 || 27½ || 417.0 || 
|-
| 59 || {{THA}} || 2234 || 27½ || 394.5 || 
|-
| 60 || {{BOL}} || 2213 || 27½ || 388.5 || 
|-
| 61 || {{MAR}} || 2200 || 27½ || 381.5 || 
|-
| 62 || {{TRI}} || 2201 || 27½ || 374.0 || 
|-
| 63 || {{flagcountry|YAR}} || 2200 || 27½ || 373.5 || 
|-
| 64 || {{PLE}} || 2200 || 27½ || 361.5 || 
|-
| 65 || {{BAN}} || 2266 || 27 || 400.5 || 
|-
| 66 || {{NGR}} || 2201 || 27 || 383.0 || 
|-
| 67 || {{GGY}} and {{JEY}} || 2218 || 27 || 377.0 || 
|-
| 68 || {{JOR}} || 2200 || 27 || 374.0 || 
|-
| 69 || {{flag|Hong Kong|1959}} || 2240 || 27 || 373.0 || 
|-
| 70 || {{HON}} || 2200 || 27 || 372.5 || 
|-
| 71 || {{LUX}} || 2203 || 26½ || 394.5 || 
|-
| 72 || {{UAE}} || 2221 || 26½ || 384.0 || 
|-
| 73 || {{ZIM}} || 2200 || 26½ || 364.0 || 
|-
| 74 || {{HAI}} || 2200 || 26½ || 362.5 || 
|-
| 75 || {{flagcountry|SMR|1862}} || 2200 || 26½ || 353.0 || 
|-
| 76 || {{SRI}} || 2280 || 26 || 402.5 || 
|-
| 77 || {{ALG}} || 2203 || 26 || 394.0 || 
|-
| 78 || {{ANG}} || 2206 || 26 || 387.0 || 
|-
| 79 || {{flagcountry|LBA|1977}} || 2203 || 26 || 367.5 || 
|-
| 80 || {{flagcountry|MRT|1959}} || 2200 || 26 || 334.5 || 
|-
| 81 || {{MLI}} || 2200 || 26 || 329.5 || 
|-
| 82 || {{flag|Bahrain|1972}} || 2200 || 26 || 321.0 || 
|-
| 83 || {{UAE}} "B" || 2201 || 25½ || 372.0 || 
|-
| 84 || {{UGA}} || 2201 || 25½ || 354.5 || 
|-
| 85 || {{flag|Zambia|1964}} || 2201 || 25½ || 351.5 || 
|-
| 86 || {{PAN}} || 2200 || 25 || 366.5 || 
|-
| 87 || {{BAR}} || 2200 || 25 || 363.0 || 
|-
| 88 || {{SEN}} || 2200 || 25 || 330.5 || 
|-
| 89 || {{flagcountry|CYP|1960}} || 2200 || 24½ || 379.5 || 
|-
| 90 || {{flagcountry|JPN|1947}} || 2200 || 24½ || 367.0 || 
|-
| 91 || {{flagcountry|YMD}} || 2200 || 24½ || 360.0 || 
|-
| 92 || {{JAM}} || 2203 || 24 || 372.0 || 
|-
| 93 || {{KEN}} || 2211 || 24 || 365.0 || 
|-
| 94 || {{SUD}} || 2200 || 24 || 347.0 || 
|-
| 95 || {{GHA}} || 2200 || 24 || 336.5 || 
|-
| 96 || {{FIJ}} || 2200 || 24 || 310.0 || 
|-
| 97 || {{BRN}} || 2200 || 23½ || 336.5 || 
|-
| 98 || {{AHO}} || 2200 || 23½ || 324.5 || 
|-
| 99 || {{QAT}} || 2200 || 23 || 346.0 || 
|-
| 100 || {{ATG}} || 2200 || 23 || 332.0 || 
|-
| 101 || {{PNG}} || 2204 || 23 || 308.5 || 
|-
| 102 || {{VGB}} || 2201 || 22 || 328.5 || 
|-
| 103 || {{BAH}} || 2200 || 22 || 307.5 || 
|-
| 104 || {{BER}} || 2200 || 20 || 312.5 || 
|-
| 105 || {{MRI}} || 2200 || 20 || 300.5 || 
|-
| 106 || {{BWA}} || 2200 || 18½ ||  || 
|-
| 107 || {{GMB}} || 2200 || 14½ ||  || 
|-
| 108 || {{flag|Seychelles|1977}} || 2200 || 5 ||  || 
|}

===Individual medals===

* [[Performance rating (chess)|Performance rating]]: {{flagicon|URS}} [[Garry Kasparov]] 2746
* Board 1: {{flagicon|URS}} [[Garry Kasparov]] 8½ / 11 = 77.3%
* Board 2: {{flagicon|EGY}} [[Imed Abdelnabbi]] 9½ / 12 = 79.2%
* Board 3: {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Nigel Short]] 10 / 13 = 76.9%
* Board 4: {{flagicon|URS}} [[Artur Yusupov (chess player)|Artur Yusupov]] 10 / 12 = 83.3%
* 1st reserve: {{flagicon|PUR|1952}} [[Luís Muñiz]] 6 / 7 = 85.7%
* 2nd reserve: {{flagicon|MYS}} [[Ng Ek Teong]] 6 / 7 = 85.7%

==Women's event<span class="anchor" id="Women's results"></span>==

A total of 49 nations took part. In the event of a draw, the tie-break was decided first by using the [[Buchholz system]], then by match points.

Like the open event, the women's tournament was dominated by the Soviet Union, captained by world champion [[Maia Chiburdanidze|Chiburdanidze]], who won the gold medals by a comfortable margin. Hungary and Romania took silver and bronze, respectively.

The real star of the women's event, though, was 45-year-old ex-world champion Gaprindashvili, who won all of her 10 games and finished with an uncanny performance rating of 2877 – more than 100 points better than the best male.

:{| class="wikitable"
! # !! Country !! Players !! Average<br/>rating !! Points !! Buchholz
|-
| style="background:gold;"|1 || '''{{URS}}''' || '''[[Maia Chiburdanidze|Chiburdanidze]], [[Elena Akhmilovskaya|Akhmilovskaya]], [[Nona Gaprindashvili|Gaprindashvili]], [[Nana Alexandria|Alexandria]]''' || '''2358''' || '''33½''' || 
|-
| style="background:silver;"|2 || {{flag|Hungary}} || [[Zsuzsa Veroci|Verőci-Petronić]], [[Ildikó Mádl|Mádl]], [[Mária Ivánka|Ivánka]], [[Mária Grosch|Grosch]] || 2247 || 29 || 
|-
| style="background:#cc9966;"|3 || {{flag|Romania|1965}} || [[Margareta Mureșan|Mureșan]], [[Daniela Nuțu-Gajić|Nuțu]], [[Elisabeta Polihroniade|Polihroniade]], [[Gabriela Olărașu|Stanciu-Olărașu]] || 2178 || 28 || 343.5
|}
:{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! # !! Country !! Average<br/>rating !! Points !! Buchholz
|-
| 4 || {{CHN}} || 2133 || 28 || 342.0
|-
| 5 || {{YUG}} || 2190 || 25½ || 
|-
| 6 || {{FRG}} || 2153 || 25 || 
|-
| 7 || {{POL}} || 2237 || 24½ || 350.0
|-
| 8 || {{ENG}} || 2222 || 24½ || 344.0
|-
| 9 || {{flag|Bulgaria|1971}} || 2148 || 23½ || 
|-
| 10 || {{CUB}} || 2063 || 23 || 
|-
| 11 || {{flag|Brazil|1968}} || 2005 || 22½ || 303.0
|-
| 12 || {{AUT}} || 1967 || 22½ || 288.0
|-
| 13 || {{FIN}} || 1903 || 22½ || 287.5
|-
| 14 || {{ESP}} || 2087 || 22 || 339.5
|-
| 15 || {{FRA}} || 2067 || 22 || 327.5
|-
| 16 || {{USA}} || 2055 || 22 || 318.0
|-
| 17 || {{SCO}} || 1903 || 22 || 306.5
|-
| 18 || {{GRE}} || 1977 || 21½ || 324.5
|-
| 19 || {{IND}} || 2083 || 21½ || 311.5
|-
| 20 || {{IRL}} || 1928 || 21½ || 305.0
|-
| 21 || {{WAL}} || 1988 || 21½ || 291.5
|-
| 22 || {{MEX}} || 1900 || 21½ || 235.5
|-
| 23 || {{SUI}} || 2055 || 21 || 313.5
|-
| 24 || {{ARG}} || 1907 || 21 || 308.5
|-
| 25 || {{INA}} || 1925 || 21 || 302.0
|-
| 26 || {{TUR}} || 1912 || 21 || 299.5
|-
| 27 || {{BEL}} || 1902 || 21 || 291.0
|-
| 28 || {{ITA}} || 1900 || 21 || 287.0
|-
| 29 || {{COL}} || 1913 || 20½ || 309.5
|-
| 30 || {{flagcountry|PHI|1986}} || 1900 || 20½ || 301.5
|-
| 31 || {{DOM}} || 1902 || 20½ || 294.5
|-
| 32 || {{BAN}} || 1960 || 20½ || 286.0
|-
| 33 || {{AUS}} || 1933 || 20½ || 278.0
|-
| 34 || {{UAE}} || 1900 || 20½ || 228.5
|-
| 35 || {{flag|Iraq|1963}} || 1900 || 20 || 263.0
|-
| 36 || {{GUA}} || 1900 || 20 || 246.5
|-
| 37 || {{flag|Venezuela|1930}} || 1900 || 20 || 221.5
|-
| 38 || {{URU}} || 1900 || 20 || 218.0
|-
| 39 || {{flagcountry|JPN|1947}} || 1903 || 19½ || 289.0
|-
| 40 || {{MYS}} || 1900 || 19½ || 263.0
|-
| 41 || {{NZL}} || 1902 || 19½ || 255.5
|-
| 42 || {{POR}} || 1902 || 19½ || 251.0
|-
| 43 || {{SYR}} || 1900 || 19½ || 229.0
|-
| 44 || {{flagcountry|PUR|1952}} || 1900 || 18½ || 
|-
| 45 || {{TRI}} || 1902 || 16½ || 223.5
|-
| 46 || {{JAM}} || 1900 || 16½ || 221.0
|-
| 47 || {{NGR}} || 1900 || 15½ || 
|-
| 48 || {{flag|Seychelles|1977}} || 1900 || 5½ || 
|-
| 49 || {{PAN}} || 1900 || 2½ || 
|}

===Individual medals===

* [[Performance rating (chess)|Performance rating]]: {{flagicon|URS}} [[Nona Gaprindashvili]] 2877
* Board 1: {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Tatjana Lematschko]] 9½ / 11 = 86.4%
* Board 2: {{flagicon|UAE}} [[Faridah Karim]] 7 / 8 = 87.5%
* Board 3: {{flagicon|URS}} [[Nona Gaprindashvili]] 10 / 10 = 100.0%
* Reserve: {{flagicon|ROM|1965}} [[Gabriela Olărașu|Gabriela Stanciu-Olărașu]] 7 / 9 = 77.8%

==References==

{{Reflist}}
*[http://www.olimpbase.org/1986/1986in.html 27th Chess Olympiad: Dubai 1986] OlimpBase

{{Chess Olympiads}}

[[Category:Chess Olympiads|27]]
[[Category:Women's Chess Olympiads]]
[[Category:Chess in the United Arab Emirates|Olympiad 27]]
[[Category:Sports competitions in Dubai|Chess Olympiad 27]]
[[Category:1986 in chess|Olympiad 27]]
[[Category:1986 in Emirati sport|Chess Olympiad 27]]
[[Category:20th century in Dubai]]