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Andrew Hunter (lawyer)

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Andrew H. Hunter
Member of the Virginia House of Delegates
from the Jefferson County district
In office
December 7, 1846-December 3, 1848
Preceded byWilliam F. Turner
Succeeded byJoseph F. McMurran
In office
December 2, 1861-September 6, 1863
Preceded byJohn T. Gibson
Succeeded byJacob S. Melvin
Member of the Virginia Senate
from the Berkeley and Jefferson Counties district
In office
1864-March 15, 1865
Preceded byEdwin L. Moore
Succeeded byn/a
Personal details
BornMarch 22, 1804
Martinsburg, Berkeley County, Virginia, U.S.
DiedNovember 21, 1888(1888-11-21) (aged 84)
Charles Town, Jefferson County, West Virginia, U.S.
Alma materHampden-Sydney College
OccupationLawyer

Andrew H. Hunter (March 22, 1804 – November 21, 1888) was a Virginia lawyer, slaveholder and politician who served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly. He was the Commonwealth's attorney (prosecutor) for Jefferson County, Virginia, who prosecuted John Brown for the raid on Harpers Ferry.

Early life

Hunter was born in 1804 to Col. David Hunter (1761-1829) and his wife, the former Elizabeth Pendleton (1774-1825) in Martinsburg, then in Berkeley County, Virginia, where his father long served as the county clerk. Although he had three brothers, the family had resources sufficient to pay for his education at Washington Academy (now Washington and Jefferson College) further along the National Road in Washington, Pennsylvania, then at Hampden-Sydney College, from which he graduated with highest honors in 1822.[1] He married Elizabeth Ellen Stubblefield (d. 1873) and they had a son, Henry Clay Hunter (1830-1886) and seven daughters.[2]

Career

The Virginia Capitol at Richmond VA
where 19th century Conventions met

Hunter was admitted to the Virginia bar in 1822, and practiced law in what became the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia in his lifetime. His elder brother became a prominent lawyer in Martinsburg, the Berkeley County seat, and Hunter began his practice in Harpers Ferry, then by settled in Charles Town (Jefferson County's seat). Beginning in 1840, Andrew Hunter became one of the local attorneys for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), and for many years assisted it, first in acquiring the right of way to lay tracks in the county for the connection at Harper's Ferry, although beginning in 1844 Hunter was also a director of the Winchester & Potomac Railroad Company and represented them in their attempts to be taken over by the B&O as it tried to lay track to Wheeling (then in western Virginia).[3] Hunter was a presidential elector for the Whig party in 1840, but declined nomination for Congress.[4]

Jefferson County voters elected Hunter as one of their (part-time) representatives in the Virginia House of Delegates in 1846, and he also worked for the B&O while in Richmond, but neither he nor his colleague William B. Thompson won re-election.[5][6]

In 1850, Jefferson County voters and those from neighboring Berkeley and Clarke Counties elected Hunter to the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850, along with Charles J. Faulkner (another local B&O attorney), William Lucas and Dennis Murphy.[7] Hunter and Lucas were "states rights" men, although in the South Carolina nullification crisis of 1833, Hunter and Thompson had spoken strongly condemning South Carolina's course.[8]

Hunter was Virginia governor Henry A. Wise's personal attorney.[9] Following John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, Wise appointed Hunter to assist the local prosecutor, Charles B. Harding. Thus, Hunter drafted the indictment and prosecuted John Brown and his associates for treason against Virginia in 1859, for which all prisoners eventually received the death penalty.[10] During the U.S. Federal Census taken the following year, Hunter owned five slaves: a 36 year old black male, black females aged 35 and 40 and a 6 year old mulatto boy.[11][full citation needed] A Northern newspaper described Hunter as a "furious advocate of slavery".[12]

After Virginia voted for secession and the American Civil War began, Hunter and fellow lawyer Thomas C. Green (Charles Town's mayor, a Confederate tax assessor and later a justice of the West Virginia Supreme Court)[13] represented Jefferson County under the Confederate regime in the Virginia House of Delegates during the sessions of 1861/62 and 1862/63, but neither won re-election in 1863.[14] Another local B&O attorney, Thomas Jefferson McKaig (the railroad's counsel in Cumberland, Maryland, for nearly four decades and who served in both houses of the Maryland legislature), would also side with the Confederacy.[15] After the resignation of banker and Confederate officer Edwin L. Moore (of the 2nd Virginia Infantry, in which his lawyer son Henry Clay Hunter fought as a private before receiving a lieutenant's commission in July 1861),[16] Hunter then became State Senator for his district, by then occupied by Federal troops (and the U.S. Congress having recognized West Virginia as the 35th State).[17][18] Hunter advised Robert E. Lee during the war on civil and military affairs.[19] His youngest brother, Rev. Moses Hoge Hunter (1814-1899) served as chaplain of the 3rd Pennsylvania cavalry during that war, and would later edit the memoirs of their cousin, Union General David Hunter (particularly despised by Confederate sympathizers in western Virginia because of his raids, including that which destroyed the Virginia Military Institute). General Hunter in July 1864 ordered subordinates to burn Andrew Hunter's home, and Hunter was then imprisoned for a month without explanation nor charges.[20]

After the war, Hunter resumed his legal practice. As perhaps the county's leading attorney, he again often opposed Charles J. Faulkner in court. Beginning in 1865, when West Virginia legislators moved the Jefferson County seat to Shepherdstown from Charles Town, Hunter fought to move the county seat back, and successfully defended a later law moving the county seat back to Charles Town (from Shepherdstown); Faulkner represented the losing Shepherdstown side.[21] Hunter was later one of the losing attorneys representing Virginia in Virginia v. West Virginia, Virginia's suit to take back the counties of Jefferson and Berkeley, which the U.S. Supreme Court decided in 1871 (Faulkner was on the winning side).[22]

Death

Andrew Hunter died in Charles Town, Jefferson County, West Virginia, on November 21, 1888. He is buried with other family members in the cemetery of Zion Episcopal Church in Charles Town.[23] His nephew Robert W. Hunter, also a Confederate officer and delegate, would survive the war and become the Secretary of Virginia Military Records.

References

  1. ^ Pulliam 1901, p. 107
  2. ^ findagrave no. 18189914
  3. ^ James D. Dilts, The Great Road: the Building of the Baltimore & Ohio, the Nation's First Railroad, 1828-1853 (Stanford University Press 1993) p. 260
  4. ^ Pulliam 1901, p. 107
  5. ^ Cynthia Miller Leonard (ed), The General Assembly of Virginia 1619-1978: A Bicentennial Register of Members (Richmond, 1978) pp. 422
  6. ^ Swem 1918, p. 390
  7. ^ Leonard 1978, p. 441
  8. ^ Bushong 1941, pp. 114, 144
  9. ^ Lubet, Steven (June 1, 2013). "Execution in Virginia, 1859: The Trials of Green and Copeland". North Carolina Law Review. 91 (5): 1785–1815, at page 1789. Retrieved December 21, 2020.
  10. ^ Bushong 1941, pp. 190-202
  11. ^ 1860 U.S. Federal Census for Jefferson County, Virginia pp. 37 and 38 of 44
  12. ^ "Those that fought with John Brown at Harper's Ferry". Indianapolis Recorder. February 27, 1937. p. 9.
  13. ^ Dennis E. Frye, 2nd Virginia Infantry (3d ed. H.E. Howard Inc. 1984) p.101
  14. ^ Leonard 1978, p. 479
  15. ^ Dilts p. 260
  16. ^ Frye p.108
  17. ^ Leonard 1978, p. 487n
  18. ^ Swem 1918, p. 390
  19. ^ Pulliam 1901, p. 107
  20. ^ Bushong 1941, pp. 230-231
  21. ^ Bushong 1941, p.276-277
  22. ^ Bushong 1941, pp. 277-279, 293-294
  23. ^ findagrave no. 18189914

Bibliography

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