Allan Hepburn
Allan Hepburn | |
|---|---|
| Born | 11 October 1896 Melbourne, Australia |
| Died | 21 July 1975 (aged 78) |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom Australia |
| Service | Royal Air Force Royal Australian Air Force |
| Rank | Wing Commander |
| Commands | No. 1 Squadron RAAF |
| Battles / wars | World War I World War II |
| Awards | Distinguished Flying Cross |
Wing Commander Allan Hepburn, DFC, (11 October 1896 – 21 July 1975) was an Australian World War I flying ace, who was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He scored 16 victories during his flying career.[1][2]
Military service
Hepburn enlisted in the Artists Rifles on 4 August 1916 and served in the trenches of France in the same year. He joined the Royal Flying Corps at Denham on 6 September 1916, flying the Airco DH.5 in 24 Squadron of the RFC. He was slightly wounded in action in October 1917 and continued flying. In November he was posted to 40 Squadron of the RFC, but was injured in a crash and was sent to England to recuperate. In April 1918, Hepburn returned to duty flying a Bristol F.2 Fighter, commanding the "A" Flight of 88 Squadron of the RAF. 88 Squadron later joined 80 Wing RAF where Hepburn flew side by side with the two Australian Flying Corps scout squadrons.[2]
Hepburn and his observers achieved 16 victories before the Armistice was signed. He received the Distinguished Flying Cross for a flight in October, 1918:
- "On 12 October this officer made a very fine flight, calling for courage and determination of a high order. Thick clouds were within 200 feet of the ground and the visibility was so bad that practically no flying was attempted. Despite these adverse conditions this officer volunteered to cross the lines. Climbing through the clouds, which were several thousand feet in depth, he flew above them, guided by compass, with no view of the ground. Continuing his flight until he estimated that he was in the vicinity of a certain objective, he descended, and found himself 150 feet over an enemy railway station. Dropping his bombs, he destroyed a passenger train, and afterwards engaged enemy troops and transport with machine-gun fire. Having caused considerable damage, Captain Hepburn climbed through the clouds and found his way home."[3]
Allan Hepburn features in two stories in Rothesay Stuart Wortley's book, Letters of a Flying Officer (paperback from Alan Sutton, 1982). One of Hepburn's opinions reported in the book regards the use of radio, or wireless telephone, in the plane. "His chief objection to it is that one cannot stunt a machine with 150 feet of aerial trailing underneath the fuselage; and that one might very well find oneself involved in a scrap before one has the time to wind it up, with a possible result that the wire might get entangled in the propeller and so wreck the machine in mid-air."[2]
After the war, Hepburn returned to Australia and joined the Royal Australian Air Force, becoming Commanding Officer of 1 Squadron in 1929; Wing Commander, 1934; Director of Works and Building RAAF about 1936, and Director of Works Department of Defence during the Second World War. He later became the Regional Director Civil Aviation in New South Wales and representative in Canada.[4]
List of aerial victories
| No. | Date/Time | Aircraft/ Serial No. |
Opponent | Result | Location | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 17 May 1918 @ 0745 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Albatros D.V | Out of control | East of Middelkerke | Observer: Second Lieutenant G. W. Lambert |
| 2 | 31 May 1918 @ 1950 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Albatros D.V | Out of control | Ostend | Observer: Sergeant Thomas Proctor |
| 3 | 2 June 1918 @ 1935 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Albatros D.V | Destroyed in flames | Middelkerke—Ostend | Observer: Sergeant Thomas Proctor |
| 4 | 29 July 1918 @ 1830 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Out of control | Bois-Grenier | Observer: Sergeant Ernest Antcliffe |
| 5 | 31 July 1918 @ 1200 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Destroyed in flames | Zelobes | Observer: Sergeant Ernest Antcliffe |
| 6 | 29 August 1918 @ 0815 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Out of control | East of Lille | Observer: Second Lieutenant H. G. Eldon |
| 7 | 1 September 1918 @ 1910 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Destroyed in flames | East of Becelaere | Observer: Sergeant Ernest Antcliffe |
| 8 | 5 September 1918 @ 1900–1905 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Out of control | North of Douai | Observer: Second Lieutenant H. G. Eldon |
| 9 | Fokker D.VII | Destroyed in flames | Armentières | |||
| 10 | 6 September 1918 @ 1845 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Out of control | North of Douai | Observer: Second Lieutenant H. G. Eldon |
| 11 | 24 September 1918 @ 1010 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Destroyed in flames | Haubourdin | Observer: Second Lieutenant H. G. Eldon |
| 12 | 8 October 1918 @ 1245 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Out of control | South-West of Cambrai | Observer: Second Lieutenant H. G. Eldon |
| 13 | 9 October 1918 @ 0845 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Destroyed | Seclin | Observer: Second Lieutenant H. G. Eldon |
| 14 | 28 October 1918 @ 1445 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Fokker D.VII | Out of control | Leuze—Ath | Observer: Lieutenant Marshall |
| 15 | 4 November 1918 @ 1300 |
Bristol F.2b (C821) |
Pfalz D.III | Destroyed | Faucaumont | Observer: Second Lieutenant Alexander Tranter |
| 16 | Pfalz D.III | Destroyed | West of Mainvault—Faucaumont |
References
- ^ "Allan Hepburn". theaerodrome.com. 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- ^ a b c "The Aces of the Australian Flying Corps 1914–1919: Captain Allan Hepburn, D.F.C". Australian Flying Corps. 2009. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- ^ "No. 31170". The London Gazette. 7 February 1919. p. 2040.
- ^ "Medal List" (PDF). Chelsea Military Antiques. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 September 2011.
- ^ Shores, Christopher F.; Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell (1990). Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920. London, UK: Grub Street. ISBN 0-948817-19-4.