Winifred Mason
Winifred Mason | |
|---|---|
 Winifred Mason, 1936 | |
| Born | January 31, 1912 Brooklyn, New York, U.S. |
| Died | 1993 (aged 80–81) |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | New York University |
| Known for | Jeweler, silversmith |
| Spouse | Jean E. Chenet |
Winifred Mason (January 31, 1912 – 1993) was an African-American jeweler who was active in New York during the 1940s.[1] She worked primarily in copper, and was inspired by West Indian cultural traditions.[2] She is believed to be the first commercial African-American jeweler in the United States.[1]
Under her married name, Winifred Chenet, she also sold jewelry in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.[3] She escaped from Haiti following the murder of her husband by the Tonton Macoute in 1963, and returned to the United States.
Early life and background
Winifred Mason, was born on January 31, 1912 in Brooklyn, New York.[4][5][6]
Mason received a BS in English Literature in 1934, and went on to receive a MA in education from New York University in 1936.[7] In the early 1940s, Mason taught youth metalworking skills at Junior Achievement, where she met Art Smith.[8]
Career in teaching
After graduating, Mason hesitated to begin her career as a teacher, and she worked for a while as a teacher for the WPA and later as a crafts instructor at the Harlem Boys Club, but she chose another way as her life career. Mason received a grant from the Rosenwald Fund to "gather folk material and basic art patterns used by the West Indian Negro and to express these feelings in jewelry."[9][10][11] This research included time in Haiti, where she met her husband, Jean Chenet.[12]
Studio and jewelry
Her first piece of jewelry appeared in 1940, and it was a pendant in bronze, copper, and silver. It had to be of great interest among her friends and soon she began to get orders for the similar pieces. Mason never repeated her works and every piece she made was unique. When she could not find a proper instrument to use in her work, she made it herself.[1][8]
In 1943, she received her first order from an exclusive department store on Fifth Avenue. After working on jewelry at home, Mason opened and maintained a studio in Greenwich Village in the early 1940s.[1][8] Jewelry from this studio was sold at national department stores like Lord and Taylor.[13] Much of the jewelry was custom-made, and clientele included Billie Holiday.[13] By the late 1940s, there had been ten exhibitions of her jewelry including one-woman shows in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Port-au-Prince, Haiti.[2]
Among her employees was Art Smith, who went on to found his own studio and become one of the first significant African-American jewelers.[8]
Haiti and return to the States
Mason married Jean E. Chenet in Manhattan, New York on September 13, 1948. Chenet was born on October 14, 1924, in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.[14] After marrying, Mason spent much of her time in Haiti. Under her married name, Winifred Chenet, she sold "voodoo-inspired" jewelry there.[3] She also operated a store in New York selling Haitian art.[2]
In 1963 her husband was murdered in Haiti by the Tonton Macoute. Winifred Mason Chenet escaped and returned to the United States.[12][15]
Mason Chenet was later active in championing other female black artists. She was honored by Girls Friends, an organization for black women, in 1990. She had served as a vice president of their Brooklyn chapter in 1939. Mason Chenet died in 1993.[4]
References
- ^ a b c d Kirkham, Pat (2002). Women Designers in the USA, 1900-2000: Diversity and Difference. Yale University Press. pp. 135, 207. ISBN 0300093314.
- ^ a b c "The Jewelry of Winifred Mason". Modern Silver Magazine. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
- ^ a b The standard guide to Mexico and the Caribbean. Funk & Wagnalls. 1956.
- ^ a b "No horsing around in this antique barber chair". Louisville, Kentucky: The Courier-Journal. 27 June 2021. pp. C2. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ^ "Winifred Chenet". New York State, Passenger and Crew Lists, 1917–1967. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ^ "Susan Winifred Chenet". New York State, Passenger and Crew Lists, 1917–1967. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ^ Wilkins, Roy, ed. (August 1936). The Crisis. Vol. 43–44. Crisis Publishing Company. p. 236.
- ^ a b c d Russell, Charles L. (2015-12-28). Art as Adornment: The Life and Work of Arthur George Smith. Outskirts Press. pp. 39–40. ISBN 9781478743156.
- ^ Embree, Edwin Rogers (1938). Julius Rosenwald Fund: Review For The Two-Year Period 1936-1937. The Julius Rosenwald Fund.
- ^ Schulman, Daniel; Museum, Spertus; Museum, Allentown Art; Museum, Montclair Art (2009-02-05). A Force for Change: African American Art and the Julius Rosenwald Fund. Northwestern University Press. ISBN 9780810125889.
- ^ "Julius Rosenwald & Rosenwald Schools National Historical Park Campaign". Rosenwaldpark.org. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
- ^ a b "An Interview with Jacques Chenet". Modern Silver Magazine. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
- ^ a b "Copper Christmas". Ebony. 2. December 1946.
- ^ Mason, Winifred. "New York, New York, License Indexes, 1907-2018". Ancestry.com.
- ^ African American Fine Art Auction : Session Two of the Treadway/Toomey 20th Century Art & Design Auction John Toomey Gallery. Oak Park, IL: John Toomey Gallery. May 13, 2014. p. 95. Retrieved 14 March 2021.