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Maxime Destremau

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Maxime Destremau
Native name
Maxime François Émile Destremau
Born(1875-03-29)29 March 1875
Algiers, French Algeria, France
Died17 March 1915(1915-03-17) (aged 39)
Toulon, Var, France
Buried
Amblans-et-Velotte, Haute-Saône, France
Allegiance France
Branch French Navy
Years of service1896 — 1915
RankLieutenant
Battles / warsWorld War I
Alma materÉcole navale

Maxime François Émile Destremau (French pronunciation: [dɛs.tʁə.mo]) or Destremeau [1] was a French Naval Lieutenant who served in World War I and was notable for his service during the Bombardment of Papeete.

Biography

Destremau was born in Algiers as the son of Arthur Destremau who was a member of chief of staff [2] and Marie Dromard.[3]

He was a student of the Collège Stanislas de Paris from 1885 to 1889, he entered the École navale in 1892 and graduated in the ninth class. He was first assigned to the advisory-transporter Scorff (1896) and later to the cruiser Éclaireur (1897) and finally to the Eure transport aviso (1899). In 1902 he passed through the torpedo officer school, at the exit from which he was appointed second of the autonomous submersible torpedo boat Narval. He was promoted to lieutenant on 13 July 1904, and to 1st lieutenant in August 1905 and commanded the submarine Gustave-Zédé. Then on 25 September 1907 he commanded the submersible autonomous torpedo boat Pluviôse. He was then an Officer-student of the École supérieure de la Marine in 1911 until December 1913, he took command of the gunboat Zélée, within the Oceania naval division.[4]

In Tahiti, or known in Tahitian as "tōmānā ʻāpī"[5] or "new commander",[6] came into conflict at the very beginning of the First World War, with the governor William Fawtier who defended the interests of traders and refrains from arresting or expelling German or Austrian nationalists, even after having received official communication of the declaration of war.[7] Destremau nonetheless organized the defense of the island, by landing most of the artillery of the Zélée to reinforce the coastal defenses and by training the small troop that were eligible for conscription in order to resist a possible German landing.

Bombardment of Papeete

Main article: Bombardment of Papeete
Maxime Destremau (center) and his staff in Papeete, in 1914.

Thanks to these provisions, Destremau succeeds on keeping the armored cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau at a distance when they presented themselves in front of Papeete, and to prevent the Germans from seizing their coal stock on 22 September 1914. Having in accordance with commands, received in the event of an attack by disproportionate force sacrificed the Zélée in battle. In February 1915. he was commander of destroyer Boutefeu. But he fell seriously ill and died in Toulon, on 7 March, from uremia,[8] and wouldn't receive any honors until years later.[9]

At his posthumous citation to the Order of the Army, in December 1915, "Lieutenant Destremau (Maxime-François-Émile), commanding the gunboat La Zélée and the troops at Papeete: knew, on the day of 22 September 1914, take the most judicious measures to ensure the defense of the port of Papeete against the attack of the German cruisers Sharnorst and Gneiseneau. Has shown in the conduct of defense operations the greatest personal bravery and military qualities of the first order which have resulted in preserving the port of Papeete and causing the removal of enemy cruisers ", Admiral de Bon proposed in 1919 to add the attribution of the officer's rosette of the Legion of Honor with the following quote: "Lieutenant Destremau, commanding the defense of Tahiti, after the disarmament of the Zelée , was able, in spite of the little help from the local authorities, to organize the defense of the island, so as to prevent the Scharnhorst and the Gneisenau from seize it ” . This final double proposal was not followed up.[8]

He was buried in the cemetery of Amblans-et-Velotte, Haute-Saône, France.[10]

Family

Maxime's older brother, Félix Destremau [fr], became general at the end of the First World War. Maxime Destremau left behind six children,[11] one of whom, Pierre,[12] would become a captain of the vessel. The skipper Sébastien Destremau is the great-grandson of Maxime Destremau.[13]

Honors and awards

References

  1. ^ François Cochet et Rémy Porte, Dictionnaire de la Grande Guerre 1914-1918, Robert Laffont, 2008, p. 794.
  2. ^ "Notice no. LH/761/17". Base Léonore (in French).
  3. ^ Mireille Loubet (September 2, 2014). "Livre : le commandant Destremau raconté par son petit-fils". Tahiti Infos (in French). Retrieved September 3, 2014.
  4. ^ "Maxime François Émile Destremau". École navale/espace Tradition (in French). Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  5. ^ "Destremau, un destin polynésien sur Polynésie 1ère à 19h 30'  ce mercredi 17 septembre". Tahiti Infos (in French). Polynésie 1ère. September 15, 2014. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  6. ^ "Académie Tahitienne - Dictionnaire en ligne Tahitien/Français". Académie tahitienne (in French). TŌMĀNĀ n.c. (Français : COMMANDANT) Commandant. Officier de l'armée de terre à quatre galons ou officier de marine commandant un navire ou une base. ʻĀPĪ adj. (PPN : PĪ = Jeune) 1°) Neuf, nouveau, jeune, récent. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  7. ^ Sylvette Boubin-Boyer. "Conflits pouvoir politique/pouvoir militaire, l'exemple de Tahiti (août-décembre 1914)". centenaire. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  8. ^ a b A.R. (1950). "À la mémoire de mon camarade et ami, Maxime Destremeau (1875-1915)". Bulletin de la Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de l'arrondissement de Provins. p. 11.
  9. ^ Vice-amiral Bienaimé (September 1921). "Un héros méconnue: la défense de Tahiti en 1914". Vol. 12, no. 255. Le Figaro. p. 1.
  10. ^ "Destremau Maxime François Emile". Cimetières de France. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
  11. ^ "Maxime François Émile Destremau". auxmarins. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  12. ^ "Notice no. 19800035/1064/22500". Base Léonore (in French).
  13. ^ XOéditions, ed. (2017). Seul au monde (in French). Paris. p. 257. ISBN 978-2-37448-008-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  14. ^ "Notice no. LH/761/19". Base Léonore (in French).
  15. ^ Didier Destremau (September 18, 2014). Les Éditions du Pacifique (ed.). Jours de guerre à Tahiti: Les Fausses notes du clairon (in French). Paris. p. 208. ISBN 978-2-87868-184-0. Retrieved March 9, 2014.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Bibliography

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