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Louis de Crussol, 14th Duke of Uzès

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Louis Emmanuel de Crussol, 14th Duke of Uzès (15 September 1871 – 23 September 1943) was a French aristocrat and art collector.

Early life

Louis was born in Paris on 15 September 1871. He was the second son of the Emmanuel de Crussol, 12th Duke of Uzès (1852–1881) and Anne de Rochechouart de Mortemart.[1][2] His elder brother was Jacques de Crussol, 13th Duke of Uzès.[3] His sisters both married Dukes, Simone Louise Laure de Crussol (who married his wife's cousin, Honoré d'Albert, 10th Duke of Luynes),[4][a] and Mathilde Renée de Crussol d'Uzès (who married François de Cossé Brissac, 11th Duke of Brissac).[5] His father was elected to the legislature in 1871, sat on the right and voted against the creation of the Republic.[6]

His mother inherited the Château de Boursault and a large fortune from her great-grandmother, Madame Clicquot Ponsardin, the founder of the Veuve Clicquot, and his maternal grandparents were Louis de Rochechouart and Marie Clémentine de Chevigné.[7]

Career

Upon the death of his elder brother in 1893, during a colonial expedition in Africa, he became the 14th Duke of Uzès.[6] The title was the premier dukedom of France, and had been created in 1565.[8]

During World War II, the Duke and Duchess remained in Paris during the German occupation. Before his death in 1943, he spent part of the occupation in a German prison camp. After the liberation of Paris, his widow received a citation from the United States government for Red Cross activities before she returned to her native homeland in 1947.[9]

Personal life

On 10 January 1894, he married Marie Thérèse d'Albert de Luynes (1876–1941)[10] in the Chapel of the Convent of the Sacred Heart.[11][12] She was the only daughter of Princess Sophie Galitzine, and Paul d'Albert de Luynes, Duke of Chaulnes and Picquigny, who both died young.[13] Her only sibling, Emmanuel d'Albert de Luynes, died shortly after his marriage to American heiress Theodora Mary Shonts in 1908.[14][1][15][b] Together, they were the parents of:[6]

  • Anne Emmanuelle Sophie Pauline Marie Thérèse de Crussol d'Uzès (1895-1984), who married Gaston de La Rochefoucauld, a descendant of the second son of François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, in Paris in 1919.[18]
  • Géraud François Marie Paul de Crussol d'Uzès (1897–1929), styled Duke of Crussol, who married Evelyn Anne Gordon, daughter of Scots-American millionaire John Gordon and Rosalie Georgina (née Murray) Gordon of New York and London,[19] in 1921.[20][21]
  • Emmanuel de Crussol d'Uzès (1902–1952), styled Marquis of Crussol, who married Marie Louise Béziers.[6]

After their divorce, he married the American Josephine Angela (1886–1966) in 1939.[9]

The Duke of Uzès died on 23 September 1943 in Paris. As his eldest son predeceased him, he was succeeded in the dukedom by his grandson, Emmanuel.[22] When Emmanuel died in 1999 without male issue, the dukedom passed to his cousin, Louis de Crussol d'Uzès (1925–2001), the son of the 14th Duke's second son.[6]

References

Notes
  1. ^ Honoré d'Albert, 10th Duke of Luynes (1868–1924) and the Duke of Uzès's wife, Marie Thérèse d'Albert de Luynes, were both grandchildren of Honoré-Louis d'Albert de Luynes, Duke of Chevreuse (1823–1854).[2]
  2. ^ Her nephew, Emmanuel Théodore Bernard Marie d'Albert de Luynes, Duke de Chaulnes (1908–1980), was born after the death of her brother.[16][17]
Sources
  1. ^ a b "Plenty of Romance in the Story of the Next American Duchess; Long Ago Miss Shonts Predicted What is to Happen, While the Duc de Chaulnes Is Rapidly Becoming an American". The New York Times. 24 November 1907. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b "The House of Crussol - Chateau du Duché d'Uzès entre mer et Cévennes. Cité médiévale, le Duché (XIème - XVIIIème siècle) propose une étonnante promenade dans l'Histoire Uzès,Povence,Chateau, Duc de Crussol, Duché, Ducale, Gard, Pont du Gard, vin, cave à vin". www.uzes.com. Le Duché. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  3. ^ Vassor, Bernard (8 July 2008). "Duchess of Uzes, NEE Adrienne Marie-Anne-Clementine Victurnienne ROCHECHOUART-MORTEMART". Retrieved 2015-03-27.
  4. ^ of), Melville Amadeus Henry Douglas Heddle de La Caillemotte de Massue de Ruvigny Ruvigny and Raineval (9th marquis (1914). The Titled Nobility of Europe: An International Peerage, Or "Who's Who", of the Sovereigns, Princes and Nobles of Europe. Harrison & Sons. p. 960. Retrieved 26 June 2020.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Anne Marie Timoléon François Cossé-Brissac (duc de, 1868-1944), Bibliothèque nationale de France
  6. ^ a b c d e Vassor, Bernard (2008-07-08). "Duchess of Uzes, NEE Adrienne Marie-Anne-Clementine Victurnienne ROCHECHOUART-MORTEMART". Retrieved 2015-03-27.
  7. ^ "DUCHESS D'DZES IS DEAD IS PARIS; Famous Dowager, Long Leader of French Society, Aided Move to-Restore Throne. ACTIVE IN MANY FIELDS A Sculptor, Novelist, Dramatist and Patron of the Arts, She Was Always a Glamorous Figure". The New York Times. 4 February 1933. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  8. ^ "THE DUCHESSE D'UZES.; Her Husband the First Duke of France and Very Wealthy". The New York Times. 5 May 1897. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  9. ^ a b "Duchess D'Uzes". The New York Times. 10 September 1966. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  10. ^ Channon, Chips (4 March 2021). Henry 'Chips' Channon: The Diaries (Volume 1): 1918-38. Random House. p. 832. ISBN 978-1-4735-6719-1. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  11. ^ "A NOTABLE MATCH: The Duke d'Uzes Soon to Be Married. OLDEST DUCHY IN FRANCE. Mme. de Luynes Will Be the Bride. Interesting Bits of Family History". The San Francisco Call. 10 December 1893. p. 15. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  12. ^ Annuaire de la noblesse de France et des maisons souveraines de l'Europe (in French). Bureau de la publication. 1903. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  13. ^ "Maison d'Albert de Luynes". www.europeanheraldry.org. European Heraldry. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  14. ^ Times, Special to The New York (25 March 1907). "MISS SHONTS MAY WED FRENCH DUKE; Her Father Might Consent to Arrange the Customary Settlement. A QUESTION Of HAPPINESS Miss Shonts and Her Mother Show Favor to Titled Suitor -- Duchess May Visit Them". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  15. ^ "Duc de Chaulnes Buried". The New York Times. 29 April 1908. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  16. ^ "HEIR TO DUC DE CHAULNES; Son Born to Widowed Duchess, Daughter of Theodore Shonts". The New York Times. 17 November 1908. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  17. ^ TIMES, Special Cable to THE NEW YORK (18 November 1908). "SHONTS OVERJOYED AT BIRTH OF DUKE; Dances About with Duchesse d'Uzes -- French Relations in Nobility Are Also Happy. BOY IS NAMED FOR FATHER Eleven Members of the Shonts Family in Paris -- Every Courtesy Shown by de Chaulnes's Relatives". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  18. ^ Almanach de Gotha: annuaire généalogique, diplomatique et statistique (in French). J. Perthes. 1926. p. 626. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  19. ^ "DUCHESS DE CRUSSOL". The New York Times. 11 December 1947. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  20. ^ "MISS GORDON WEDS DUKE OF CRUSSOL; New York Girl's Marriage to Son of Duchess D'Uzes Followed by French Festival. MAY BE RANKING DUCHESS". The New York Times. 11 October 1921. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  21. ^ "The News from England". The Jewelers' Circular. Jewelers' Circular Company: 81. 1921. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  22. ^ Thomas Jr, Robert Mcg (14 December 1969). "What It Means to Be the Premier Duke in the French Republic". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
French nobility
Preceded by Duke of Uzès
1893–1943 		Succeeded by
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