Bruno Apitz
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Bruno Apitz (28 April 1900 – 7 April 1979) was a German writer and a survivor of the Buchenwald concentration camp.[1]
Life and career
Apitz was born in Leipzig, as the twelfth child of a washer woman. He attended school until he was fourteen, then started apprenticeship as a die cutter. During World War I, he was a passionate supporter of German Communist Party leader Karl Liebknecht. At 17, he made a speech in front of striking factory workers that resulted in his being sentenced to nineteen months in prison. In 1919, he joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and in 1927, the more radical Communist Party of Germany (KPD). He took active part in the German November Revolution of 1918 and in opposition to the Kapp Putsch of 1920. During the latter he published his first poems and short stories in Communist newspapers. He wrote his first play in 1924 and was later repeatedly imprisoned under Nazi rule in various concentration camps for spreading socialistic anti-war propaganda and being an active member of the Communist Party. From 1937 to 1945 he was an inmate of the Buchenwald concentration camp near Weimar. It was this imprisonment that would later become the basis for his most famous novel, Nackt unter Wölfen (Naked among Wolves).[2]
After 1945, he worked for the East German state film company DEFA and as a radio play author. He was one of the founding members of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), which became the dominant party in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). In the early 1950s, Apitz worked as a guide to the former camp, Buchenwald, and was "actively involved in the plan for the earliest expedition to be shown there in 1952."[3] He was a member of the Academy of Arts and the PEN-Clubs of the GDR.
Apitz's best selling novel Nackt unter Wölfen was first published in 1958 and then translated into over thirty languages, winning him worldwide recognition. The English translation, the only Apitz novel to have been translated into English, was by Edith Anderson and published by Seven Seas Books in 1967. The logline for this edition reads as follows: "Armies drive before them the rags of Hitler's might and news trickles through to the concentration camp inmates and a child is saved."
Bruno Apitz's home town, Leipzig, named him a Citizen of Honour in 1976. He died on 17 April 1979 in Berlin.[citation needed]
Books
- Der Mensch im Nacken, 1924
- Nackt unter Wölfen, 1958; English translation, Naked among Wolves, 1967
- Esther, 1959
- Der Regenbogen, 1976
- Schwelbrand. Autobiografischer Roman, Berlin 1984
References
- ^ "Bruno Apitz". Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk. Archived from the original on 2008-12-06.
- ^ "Biographies of Buchenwald inmates: Bruno Apitz". Buchenwald Memorial. Retrieved October 19, 2022.
- ^ Nevin, Bill. The Genesis and Impact of Naked among Wolves. 2007. Note 30, p. 117.
- 1900 births
- 1979 deaths
- Writers from the Kingdom of Saxony
- Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
- Communist Party of Germany members
- Socialist Unity Party of Germany members
- German male short story writers
- German short story writers
- German radio writers
- East German writers
- 20th-century German novelists
- 20th-century German dramatists and playwrights
- German male novelists
- German male dramatists and playwrights
- 20th-century German short story writers
- Communists in the German Resistance
- Buchenwald concentration camp survivors
- Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit (honor clasp)
- Recipients of the National Prize of East Germany
- Writers from Leipzig
- German writer stubs
- Social Democratic Party of Germany politician stubs
- Socialist Unity Party of Germany politician stubs