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List of congressional opponents of the Vietnam War

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This is a list of U.S. senators and representatives who opposed the Vietnam War. This includes those who initially supported the war, but later changed their stance to a strong opposition to it.

Senate

Senator Party (at opposition) State Term (at opposition) Ref.
Start End
Frank Church Democratic Idaho 3 January 1957 3 January 1981 [1]
John Sherman Cooper Republican Kentucky 7 November 1956 3 January 1973 [2]
J. William Fulbright Democratic Arkansas 3 January 1945 31 December 1974 [3]
Albert Gore Sr. Democratic Tennessee 3 January 1953 3 January 1971 [4]
Mike Gravel Democratic Alaska 3 January 1969 3 January 1981 [5]
Ernest Gruening Democratic Alaska 3 January 1959 3 January 1969 [6]
Vance Hartke Democratic Indiana 3 January 1959 3 January 1977 [7]
Mark Hatfield Republican Oregon 3 January 1967 3 January 1997 [8]
Jacob Javits Republican New York 3 January 1957 3 January 1981 [9]
Robert F. Kennedy Democratic New York 3 January 1965 6 June 1968 [10]
Mike Mansfield Democratic Montana 3 January 1953 3 January 1977 [11]
Charles Mathias Republican Maryland 3 January 1969 3 January 1987 [12]
Eugene McCarthy Democratic-Farmer-Labor Minnesota 3 January 1959 3 January 1971 [13]
George McGovern Democratic South Dakota 3 January 1963 3 January 1981 [14]
Patsy Mink Democratic Hawaii 3 January 1965 3 January 1977 [15]
Wayne Morse Democratic Oregon 3 January 1945 3 January 1969 [16]
William Proxmire Democratic Wisconsin 28 August 1957 3 January 1989 [17]

House of Representatives

Representative Party (at opposition) District Term (at opposition) Ref.
Start End
Bella Abzug Democratic NY-19 3 January 1971 3 January 1973 [18]
NY-20 3 January 1973 3 January 1977
Les Aspin Democratic WI-01 3 January 1971 20 January 1993 [19]
George Brown Jr. Democratic CA-29 3 January 1963 3 January 1971 [20]
Phillip Burton Democratic CA-05 18 February 1964 3 January 1975 [21]
Ron Dellums Democratic CA-07 3 January 1971 3 January 1975 [22]
Robert Drinan Democratic MA-03 3 January 1971 3 January 1973 [23]
MA-04 3 January 1973 3 January 1981
Ed Koch Democratic NY-17 3 January 1969 31 December 1973 [24]
NY-18 3 January 1973 31 December 1977
Allard K. Lowenstein Democratic NY-05 3 January 1969 3 January 1971 [25]
Pete McCloskey Republican CA-11 12 December 1967 3 January 1973 [26]
Tip O'Neill Democratic MA-08 3 January 1963 3 January 1987 [27]
Henry S. Reuss Democratic WI-05 3 January 1955 3 January 1983 [28]
Donald Riegle Republican MI-07 3 March 1967 30 December 1976 [29]
James H. Scheuer Democratic NY-21 3 January 1965 3 January 1973 [30]
Eugene Siler Republican KY-05 3 January 1963 3 January 1965 [31]
Pete Stark Democratic CA-08 3 January 1973 3 January 1975 [32]
Andrew Young Democratic GA-05 3 January 1973 29 January 1977 [33]

See also

References

  1. ^ Schmitz, David F. (2003). "Congress Must Draw the Line: Senator Frank Church and Opposition to the Vietnam War and the Imperial Presidency". In Woods, Randall Bennett (ed.). Vietnam and the American political tradition. Cambridge University Press. pp. 121–148. ISBN 0-521-01000-4.
  2. ^ Albin Krebs (February 23, 1991). "John Sherman Cooper Dies at 89; Long-time Senator From Kentucky". New York Times.
  3. ^ "J. William Fulbright". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Retrieved April 17, 2009.
  4. ^ Melinda Henneberger (May 22, 2000). "A Political Father Who Chose the High Road and Unpopular Stands". The New York Times.
  5. ^ Myrna Oliver (July 29, 2003). "Vance Hartke, 84; Indiana Senator Opposed Johnson on Vietnam". Los Angeles Times.
  6. ^ Johnson, Robert D. (2003). "The Progressive Dissent: Ernest Gruening and Vietnam". Vietnam and the American Political Tradition. pp. 58–81. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511615375.004. ISBN 9780521811484. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
  7. ^ Myrna Oliver (July 29, 2003). "Vance Hartke, 84; Indiana Senator Opposed Johnson on Vietnam". Los Angeles Times.
  8. ^ "The Viet Nam Race". Time Magazine. October 14, 1966. Archived from the original on February 20, 2008.
  9. ^ Mann, Robert (2002). A Grand Delusion: America's Descent into Vietnam. Basic Books. p. 554. ISBN 0-465-04370-4. Retrieved April 19, 2009.
  10. ^ Thurston Clarke (June 2008). "The Last Good Campaign". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on December 20, 2014.
  11. ^ Matusow, Allen (1984). "The Vietnam War, the Liberals, and the Overthrow of LBJ" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 16, 2009. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
  12. ^ "Back in Time: At War with War". CNN. Archived from the original on June 15, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
  13. ^ Francis X. Clines (December 11, 2005). "Eugene J. McCarthy, Senate Dove Who Jolted '68 Race, Dies at 89". New York Times.
  14. ^ "The Plight of The Doves". Time Magazine. September 14, 1970. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007.
  15. ^ "Patsy T. Mink". Women in Congress. Office of the Clerk, U.S. Capitol, Room H154 - Washington, DC. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
  16. ^ "FBI Investigated Wayne Morse Over Vietnam War Opposition; Johnson Allegedly Ordered Probe of Senator". The Washington Post. July 17, 1988. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012.
  17. ^ Richard Severo (December 16, 2005). "William Proxmire, Maverick Democratic Senator From Wisconsin, Is Dead at 90". New York Times.
  18. ^ Laura Mansnerus (April 1, 1998). "Bella Abzug, 77, Congresswoman And a Founding Feminist, Is Dead". New York Times.
  19. ^ "Les Aspin January 21, 1993 - February 3, 1994 18th Secretary of Defense Clinton Administration". U.S. Department of Defense.
  20. ^ Stephen Green (July 17, 1999). "Liberal Representative George Brown Jr. Dies". Daily News.
  21. ^ "13 Demos Press to End War". The Deseret News. May 25, 1971.
  22. ^ "Ronald V. Dellums; Representative, 1971–1998, Democrat from California". Black Americans in Congress, 1870–2007. Office of History and Preservation, Office of the Clerk, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 2008. Archived from the original on March 8, 2012. Retrieved April 17, 2009.
  23. ^ "Friends and Students Remember Jesuit Pioneer". Georgetown University. February 5, 2007. Archived from the original on March 10, 2011. Retrieved April 17, 2009.
  24. ^ "Ed Koch's Legacy". Gotham Gazette. November 14, 2005. Archived from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 19, 2009.
  25. ^ Olson, James Stuart (1999). Historical dictionary of the 1960s. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 281–282. ISBN 0-313-29271-X. Retrieved April 19, 2009.
  26. ^ "White knight in a battle-bus". The Economist. June 1, 2006.
  27. ^ Martin Tolchin (January 7, 1994). "Thomas P. O'Neill Jr., a Democratic Power in the House for Decades, Dies at 81". New York Times.
  28. ^ Graeme Zielinski (January 15, 2002). "Longtime Rep. Henry Reuss Dies; Wis. Democrat a Banking Expert" (fee required). The Washington Post. He also was a foe of the Communist-baiting Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy (R-Wis.); an early supporter of civil rights, conservation and congressional reform legislation; and a vocal opponent of the Vietnam War.
  29. ^ "Strong Criticism Comes in Reaction to Bombing". The Virgin Islands Daily News. December 22, 1972.
  30. ^ Morgan, Joseph G. (1997). The Vietnam Lobby. UNC Press. p. 110. ISBN 0-8078-2322-8. Retrieved April 19, 2009.
  31. ^ Beito, David T; Beito, Linda Royster (August 21, 2006). "The Christian Conservative Who Opposed the Vietnam War". History News Network.
  32. ^ Carl Hulse (February 9, 2003). "Threats and Responses: The Draft; A New Tactic Against War: Renew Talk About Draft". New York Times.
  33. ^ "Andrew Young". Encyclopædia Britannica.
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