Follmannia
| Follmannia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | Follmannia C.W.Dodge (1967) |
| Type species | |
| Follmannia rufa C.W.Dodge (1967)
| |
| Species | |
Follmannia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae.[1] It has three species.[2] All three species are crustose lichens, and all occur in South America.
Taxonomy
The genus was circumscribed in 1967 by Carroll William Dodge, with the Chilean Follmannia rufa assigned as the type species.[3] Follmannia is in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae.[4]
Description
The thallus of Follmannia has a crustose growth form characterized by well-developed, elongated, predominantly narrow, and slightly raised lobes. These lobes often have a subtle shine. The cortex, the outer layer of the lichen's body, is complex, composed of intricately arranged prosoplectenchymatous cells, and is accompanied by a thick epicortex. The medulla, the innermost part of the thallus, is densely packed.[4]
The reproductive structures, known as apothecia, have a distinctive appearance. They are zeorine in form and feature intricately arranged prosoplectenchymatous tissue in the form of a thick excipulum. Within these apothecia, spores are present, characterized as ellipsoid in shape and having a polardiblastic structure. These spores are relatively small and contain short to medium septa, or partitions. Pycnidia, which are specialized structures responsible for asexual reproduction, are not commonly found in this lichen. When present, they are slightly protruding from the thallus. Within these pycnidia, bacilliform conidia, or elongated rod-shaped spore-like structures, are present.[4]
Fragilin is the only lichen product known to occur in the genus.[4]
Species
As of September 2023[update], Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts three species of Follmania:[4]
- Follmannia orthoclada (Zahlbr.) Frödén, Arup & Søchting (2013)[4] – Chile
- Follmannia rufa C.W.Dodge (1967)[3] – Chile
- Follmannia suborthoclada S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2020)[5] - Chile
Arup and colleagues suggest that Follmannia rufa is a taxonomic synonym of F. orthoclada.[4]
References
- ^ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453 [157]. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. S2CID 249054641.
- ^ "Follmannia". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
- ^ a b Dodge, C.W. (1966). "New lichens from Chile". Nova Hedwigia. 12: 307–352 [334].
- ^ a b c d e f g Arup, Ulf; Søchting, Ulrik; Frödén, Patrik (2013). "A new taxonomy of the family Teloschistaceae". Nordic Journal of Botany. 31 (1): 16–83 [60–61]. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2013.00062.x.
- ^ Kondratyuk, S.Y.; Lőkös, L.; Oh, S.O.; Kondratiuk, T.O.; Parnikoza, I.Y.; Hur, J.-S. (2020). "New and noteworthy lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi, 11". Acta Botanica Hungarica. 62 (3–4): 225–291. doi:10.1556/034.62.2020.3-4.3. S2CID 228969871.