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Gustavo primo, re di Svezia

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Gustavo primo, re di Svezia
Opera by Baldassare Galuppi
Illustration from the 1794 publication of Goldoni's libretto
LibrettistCarlo Goldoni
LanguageItalian
Premiere
25 May 1740 (1740-05-25)
Teatro San Samuele, Venice

Gustavo primo, re di Svezia (Gustavus the First, King of Sweden) is a three act opera seria by Baldassare Galuppi, with a libretto by Carlo Goldoni, fictionalising events in the life of Gustav I of Sweden. Composed in honour of the Genoese nobleman marchese Giovanni Giacomo Grimaldi, it premiered on 25 May 1740 at Venice's Teatro San Samuele. It was first recorded in 2003 by Karoly, Gonzalez, Cecchetti and the Capella Savaria Baroque Orchestra, conducted by Fabio Pirona.[1][2]

Premiere cast

Role Voice type Premiere cast, 25 May 1740[3]
Ernesto, senator of the capital of Sweden and governor of the province of Dalarna bass Gaetano Pompeo Basteris
Ergilda, Ernesto's daughter, lover of Learco soprano (?) Maria Camatti
Learco, a foreign stranger (later discovered to be Gustavo), lover of Ergilda and Dorisbe castrato soprano Lorenzo Girardi
Argeno, Ernesto's son, lover of Dorisbe contralto (?) en travesti Eleonora Ferandini
Dorisbe, disguised, later discovered to be Clotilde, Gustavo's cousin and lover mezzo-soprano (?) Marianna Imer
Soldiers, Archers, Commoners

Historical context

After Sweden's various vicissitudes, Christian II of Denmark overwhelmed her so completely that no hope of liberty seemed to remain for her. The people solved this by electing a king of their own nation, who would be only the first magistrate of the republic and preferable to laws imposed on them. But Christian the conqueror thought to gain absolute dominion, making it impossible for those most zealous for their native freedom. Therefore, fearing revolution in a conquered land, after sacrificing most of the royal families, taken hostage four of the kingdom's main lords, including young Gustav, son of Henry, of the illustrious Vasa family, which had often held the throne, and imprisoned them in Denmark. Heaven, which had destined him to be his homeland's liberator, freed him from his prison thanks to the people of Lübeck, who then spread the false rumour that he had fled in disguise in a storm to spy out his enemy's forces. Instead they hid him in the province of Dalarna, which was subject to Sweden but did not want to recognise its conqueror as its sovereign. Gustav grew to adulthood known to himself but unknown to others, becoming great in valour and bravery, so that the people elected him their leader and - after defeating his enemies - elected him their king, acknowledging the man who the people of Lübeck called Gustav Ericson, the first king of that name, who was the hero of the North in the 16th century and the first king to become so by popular assent (abbe Vertot, Puffendorf, Varillas, etc).

— Carlo Goldoni, from the libretto to Gustavo Primo re di Svezia[3]

References

  1. ^ Selfridge-Field, Eleanor (2007). A New Chronology of Venetian Opera and Related Genres, 1660–1760, p. 469. Stanford University Press ISBN 0804744378
  2. ^ OCLC 811245301
  3. ^ a b Goldoni, Carlo (1740). Gustavo primo, re di Svezia. Marino Rossetti (libretto printed for the premiere performance)
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