Mytilos
| Mytilus | |
|---|---|
| King Mytilus | |
.svg) | |
| Reign | c. 270 – c. 231 BC |
| Predecessor | Monunius |
| Successor | Longarus (probable) |
| Ancient Greek | Μύτιλος |
Mytilus (Ancient Greek: Μύτιλος; ruled c. 270 – 231 BC) was an Illyrian king who was based in Epidamnos (Durrës). It is possible that Mytilus was the successor of Monunius I, as king of the Dardani, and not a king of Dyrrachium.[1]
Biography
Mytilus is the second Illyrian monarch to have struck in 270 BC coins bearing his name after Monunius. The coins of Durrës bore the city's symbols and the king's name which stressed his sovereignty over the city as his predecessor had done. Coinage of Apollonia from the same period bore only his monogram, as well as symbols similar to those of the Aetolian League, an adversary of Epirus.[2] Copies of the Illyrian coins are kept at the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, Croatia.[3] The bronze coins had the head of Hercules on the obverse and on the reverse, Heracles' symbols: quiver, bow and mace with the words ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΙΤΥΛΟΥ (of King Mytilus).
Mytilus is known from a brief historical note which tells of a war he waged around 270 BC against the successor of Pyrrhus, Alexander II, as well as his bronze coinage. Mytilus, presumably, retained his authority in Durrës after Alexander II invaded his territory in or around 270 BC. On one occasion, some Epirotes were dressed in Illyrian clothes and were put them to plunder their own sites. Unsuspecting, the Illyrians relaxed their defences and rushed to emulate them, believing that men in front of them were just their own probes.[clarification needed] So they were easy victims of Epirus.[4][5] The control of Durrës and Apollonia means that at the time of Mytilus, the Illyrians had regained the extent and authority it enjoyed in the time of Glaucias. Mytilus had even taken an excursion into the territory of Epirus.[6] It is during this time that Rome was first invited to intervene against the Illyrians, Epirotes and the Aetolians in the Balkans.[7] Mytilus was probably succeeded by Longarus in 231 BC.
See also
References
- ^ Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière Hammond (1993). Studies concerning Epirus and Macedonia before Alexander. Hakkert. p. 109.
- ^ The Illyrians by J. J. Wilkes, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 129: "No Illyrian production of coins is known before King Monunius struck his coins at Dyrrhachium (see figure 11), followed by Mytilus around ten years later."
- ^ Duje Rendić-Miočević, Illyrian rulers' coins from the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb.
- ^ Justin, Prol. XXV
- ^ Papazoglu, Les Origines ...
- ^ Frontinius II 5,10
- ^ Cass. Dio. Fr 42.1
Sources
- The Illyrians by J. J. Wilkes, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5