Zeiss Biogon
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| Introduced in | 1934 |
|---|---|
| Author | Ludwig Bertele |
| Construction | 8 elements in 5 groups |
| Aperture | 4.5 |
Biogon is the brand name of Carl Zeiss for a series of photographic camera lenses, first introduced in 1934. Biogons are typically wide-angle lenses.
History
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The first lens branded Biogon (2.8 / 3.5 cm, unbalanced) was designed in 1934 by Ludwig Bertele,[1] then assigned to Zeiss Ikon Dresden, the Contax created as a modification of the then Sonnar. It was developed by Carl Zeiss in approximately 1937 and manufactured in Jena, then a redesign in Oberkochen.
In 1951, a new Biogon with a 90° angle of view (Super Wide Angle) was designed, also by Ludwig Bertele.[2] The advent of the Biogon opened the way to extreme wide-angle lenses. The first examples were produced from 1954 as the 4.5 / 21 mm for Contax, in 1954, 4.5 / 38 mm for Hasselblad Super Wide, and from 1955 to 1956 as the 4.5 / 53 mm and 4.5 / 75 mm for the Linhof. The original patent spanned three different variants, each with a different maximum aperture: f/6.3, f/4.5, and f/3.4 lenses.[2]
Examples
Since their introduction, lenses branded Biogon are usually approximately symmetrical ("semi-symmetrical") wide-angle design with a usable angle of view of 90° or more. At 90° the focal length is approximately half as long as the format's diagonal.
Well known camera manufacturers like Hasselblad have or had Biogon derived lenses to offer.
The lenses branded Super-Angulon (sold by Schneider Kreuznach and Leica Camera) are based on the construction of the Biogon.
- Biogon 1:2,8 f = 21 mm, 90° angle (PDF-File; 65 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f = 21 mm, T* Classic, 90° angle (PDF-File; 282 kB)
- Biogon 1:2,8 f = 25 mm, 82° angle (PDF-File; 292 kB)
- Biogon 1:2,8 f = 28 mm, 75° angle (PDF-File; 182 kB)
- Biogon 1:2,0 f = 35 mm, 63° angle (PDF-File; 266 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f = 38 mm CFi for Hasselblad (Medium Format; PDF-File; 166 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f = 53 mm, image diameter of 115 mm, for professional cameras up to the 6 × 9 cm
- Biogon 1:5,6 f = 60 mm for Hasselblad (Medium Format, including the Apollo moon mission, PDF file, 857 kB); PDF-File; 857 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f = 75 mm, image diameter of 153 mm, 92° angle, for large-format professional cameras up to 4 × 5 inches
Other Zeiss lenses include the Triotar, Biotar, Biometar, Tessar, Planar, Sonnar, Distagon, Flektogon, Hologon, Topogon, Kipronar, Prokinar.
See also
References
- ^ a b US Grant 2084309, Bertele, Ludwig, "Photographic lens system", issued 22 June 1937, assigned to Zeiss Ikon AG
- ^ a b US Grant 2721499, Bertele, Ludwig, "Five component wide-angle objective", issued 25 October 1955, assigned to Bertele, Ludwig
Bibliography
- Nasse, H. Hubert (December 2011). "From the series of articles on lens names: Distagon, Biogon and Hologon" (PDF). Camera Lens Blog (CLB) (41st ed.). Carl Zeiss AG, Camera Lens Division. Retrieved 2013-06-08.
(NB. German: [1])
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