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Arnold Kriegstein

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Arnold Kriegstein
Born
Tirschenreuth, Bavaria
Occupation(s)Neurologist and Neuroscientist

Arnold Richard Kriegstein is a neurologist and neuroscientist who is the John Bowes Distinguished Professor in Stem Cell and Tissue Biology at the University of California, San Francisco where he serves as director of the UCSF Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research.[1] His main research interests include neural stem cell and brain development.[2] He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine.[2]

Early life and education

Kriegstein received his BA in biology and psychology from Yale University in 1971, and his MD and Ph.D. degrees from New York University in 1977.[3] He completed his doctoral work in physiology in the laboratory of Eric Kandel and residency training in neurology at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Children's Hospital, and Beth Israel Hospital in Boston.[3] He is a board-certified neurologist.

Career

Following residency, Kriegstein began his academic career at Stanford University where he worked for ten years, serving as a pediatric and adult neurologist as well as starting his research laboratory. He held appointments at Yale University from 1991-1993 before joining the Neurology Department at Columbia University in 1993 where he stayed until 2004.[3] While at Columbia, Kriegstein was named the John and Elizabeth Harris Professor of Neurology and became the founding director of the Neural Stem Cell Program at Columbia University.[2]

Kriegstein joined the University of California, San Francisco in 2004, where he became the John Bowes Distinguished Professor in Stem Cell and Tissue Biology and founding director of the UCSF Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research.[4] In 2011, the $123 million Ray & Dagmar Dolby Regeneration Medicine Building was opened, which is home to the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine at University of California, San Francisco.[5] The building houses one of the largest stem cell programs in the United States with over 70 laboratories.

Research

Kriegstein is known for research focusing on the way in which neural stem cells and progenitor cells produce neurons in the embryonic brain, and how this information can be used for cell-based therapies to treat diseases of the nervous system. His lab found that radial glial cells, long thought to simply guide nerve cells during migration, are neuronal stem cells in the developing brain. This concept, unexpected at the time, is now one of the tenets of developmental neuroscience.[6] Kriegstein also described a class of intermediate precursor cells produced by radial glia, suggesting a new mechanism for the generation of cell diversity.[7]

More recent research has focused on the developing human brain. Kriegstein discovered that the outer subventricular zone, a progenitor region in the developing human brain, contains a novel neural stem cell type he termed the outer radial glial (oRG).[8] He found that oRG cells generate transit amplifying daughter cells, thus producing further complex neuronal lineages.[9] Over the past several years, Kriegstein has applied strategies for massively parallel profiling molecular and physiological properties of primary human cortical cells using microfluidic technologies, cellular barcoding, and timelapse microscopy to identify additional progenitor cell types. His research has also addressed brain evolution and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism.

Honors

Solomon A. Berson Medical Alumni Achievement, 2011[10]

Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award, 1999 and 2011[11]

NINDS Outstanding Investigator Award, 2017[12]

References

  1. ^ Pollack, Andrew (2008-05-08). "$271 Million for Research on Stem Cells in California". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  2. ^ a b c "Arnold Kriegstein". alleninstitute.org. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  3. ^ a b c Svendsen, Clive; Ebert, Allison D. (2008). Encyclopedia of Stem Cell Research. SAGE. ISBN 9781412959087.
  4. ^ "Californian university tries to cross the great divide in stem cell research". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  5. ^ Allday, Erin (2011-02-09). "Dolby building is new hub for UCSF stem cell center". SFGate. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  6. ^ Kriegstein, Arnold R.; Dammerman, Ryan S.; Weissman, Tamily A.; Flint, Alexander C.; Noctor, Stephen C. (February 2001). "Neurons derived from radial glial cells establish radial units in neocortex". Nature. 409 (6821): 714–720. doi:10.1038/35055553. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 11217860.
  7. ^ Kriegstein, Arnold R.; Lidija Ivic; Martínez-Cerdeño, Verónica; Noctor, Stephen C. (February 2004). "Cortical neurons arise in symmetric and asymmetric division zones and migrate through specific phases". Nature Neuroscience. 7 (2): 136–144. doi:10.1038/nn1172. ISSN 1546-1726. PMID 14703572.
  8. ^ Kriegstein, Arnold R.; Philip R. L. Parker; Lui, Jan H.; Hansen, David V. (March 2010). "Neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human neocortex". Nature. 464 (7288): 554–561. doi:10.1038/nature08845. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 20154730.
  9. ^ Lui, Jan H. (2011). "Development and Evolution of the Human Neocortex". Cell. 146 (1): 18–36. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.06.030. PMC 3610574. PMID 21729779.
  10. ^ "Solomon A. Berson Medical Alumni Achievement". NYU Langone Health. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  11. ^ Svendsen, Clive; Ebert, Allison D. (2008). Encyclopedia of Stem Cell Research. SAGE. ISBN 9781412959087.
  12. ^ "NINDS Research Program Award (R35) Recipients FY 2017 | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke". www.ninds.nih.gov. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
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