USS Wake

For other ships with the same name, see USS Guam.

U.S.S Guam - Yangtze River Gunboat

USS Wake as Tatara
History
United States
Name	USS Wake
Namesake	Wake Island
Builder	Kiangnan Dock and Engineering Works, Shanghai
Launched	28 May 1927
Commissioned	28 December 1927, as USS Guam (PG-43)
Renamed	USS Wake, 23 January 1941
Reclassified	PR-3 (River Gunboat), 15 June 1928
Stricken	25 March 1942
Fate	Captured by the Imperial Japanese Navy, 8 December 1941
Japan
Name	Tatara (多多良)
Acquired	by capture, 8 December 1941
Stricken	30 September 1945
Fate	Recaptured by U.S. Navy, August 1945 Transferred to China, 1946
Republic of China
Name	RCS Tai Yuan (太原)
Acquired	1946
Fate	Captured by Communist Chinese forces, 1949
People's Republic of China
Acquired	1949
Fate	active until the 1960s
General characteristics
Type	Gunboat
Displacement	350 long tons (360 t)
Length	159 ft 5 in (48.59 m)
Beam	27 ft 1 in (8.26 m)
Draft	5 ft 3 in (1.60 m)
Installed power	1,900 ihp (1,400 kW)
Propulsion	2 × triple expansion steam engines 2 × screws
Speed	14.5 kn (16.7 mph; 26.9 km/h)
Complement	59
Armament	2 × 3in guns (2x1) 8 × .30-06 Lewis machine guns (8x1)1942: US 3" guns replaced with 3" AA guns. Jan 1945 several Type 93 13.2 mm (0.52 in) M.G.s installed

USS Wake (PR-3) was a United States Navy river gunboat operating on the Yangtze River, that was captured by Japan on 8 December 1941.

Originally commissioned as the gunboat Guam (PG-43), she was redesignated river patrol vessel PR-3 in 1928, and renamed Wake 23 January 1941.

Service history

U.S. Navy

She was launched on 28 May 1927 as Guam by the Kiangnan Dock and Engineering Works in Shanghai, China, and commissioned on 28 December 1927. Her primary mission was to ensure the safety of American missionaries and other foreigners. Later, the ship also functioned as a "radio spy ship," keeping track of Japanese movements. However, by 1939, she was "escorted" by a Japanese warship wherever she went, as China fell more and more under Imperial Japanese control.

On 23 January 1941, she was renamed Wake, as Guam was to be the new name of a large cruiser being built in the U.S. On 25 November 1941, LCDR Andrew Earl Harris, the brother of Field Harris, was ordered to close the Navy installation at Hankow, and sail to Shanghai. On 28 November 1941, LCDR Harris and most of the crew were transferred to gunboats and ordered to sail to the Philippines. Columbus Darwin Smith—an old China hand who had been piloting river boats on the Yangtze River—was asked to accept a commission in the U.S. Navy and was appointed captain of Wake with the rank of Lt. Commander.

When Pearl Harbor was attacked on 7 December 1941, Shanghai had been under Japanese occupation since the 1937 Battle of Shanghai. Smith was in command on 8 December 1941 (7 December in Hawaii), with a crew of 14, when the Japanese captured the ship, which was tied up at a pier in Shanghai. Smith had received a telephone call the night before from a Japanese officer he knew. The officer asked where Smith would be the next morning as he wanted to deliver some turkeys for Smith and his crew. The Japanese did the same to other American officers and officials so as to determine where they would be on 8 December. However, Commander Smith received word from his quartermaster about the Pearl Harbor attack and rushed to the ship only to find it under guard by the Japanese. Surrounded by an overwhelming Japanese force, the crew attempted unsuccessfully to scuttle the craft. Wake surrendered, the only U.S. ship to do so in World War II.

Commander Smith and his crew were confined to a prison camp near Shanghai, where the U.S. Marines and sailors captured on Wake Island were also later imprisoned.

Japanese service

The Japanese gave Wake to their puppet Wang Jingwei regime in Nanjing, where she was renamed Tatara (多多良). The following activities are known to have occurred during the war.

Date	Activity
15 Dec 1941	Refit began at Kiaguan Engineering and Dock Works.
26 Jan 1942	Refit finished.
11 Oct 1942	Runs aground off Nanking.
12 Oct 1942	Returns to Kianguan E. & D. W. for repairs.
5 Nov 1942	Repairs finished.
3 June 1944	Attacked by B-24s without damage.
18 June 1944	Attacked by three B-25s without damage.
2 Dec 1944	Attacked by six P-51 Mustangs.
7 Dec 1944	Attacked by two P-51s.
18 Dec 1944	Attacked by three P-51s.
24 Dec 1944	Sails for Kianguan.
1 Jan 1945	Enters Kianguan E. & D.W. for repairs and an AA upgrade.
3 Feb 1945	Repairs finished.

Post-war

In 1945, at the end of the war, she was recaptured by the U.S. The U.S. gave the ship to the Chinese nationalists, who renamed her Tai Yuan (太原). Finally, the ship was captured by Communist Chinese forces in 1949.

As of 2019, no other ship of the U.S. Navy has been named Wake, though a Template:Sclass- launched in 1943 was named Wake Island.

Awards

• Yangtze Service Medal
• China Service Medal
• American Defense Service Medal with "FLEET" clasp
• Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one battle star
• World War II Victory Medal

References

•  This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
• Groom, Winston. 2005. 1942: The Year that Tried Men's Souls. Atlanta Monthly Press, New York. ISBN 0-87113-889-1

External links

• navsource.org: USS Wake (PR-3)
• USS "Wake" as "IJN Tatara" and "RCS Tai Yuan".