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M1 Heavy Tractor was a term used by the US Army for several tractors prior to and during the Second World War. Under the Ordnance Corps these "off the shelf" tractors were meant to tow artillery pieces so were not equipped with blades like their Engineer counterparts. Eventually these were replaced by purpose built "High Speed Tractors" Some tractors were equipped with crane attachments for ammunition, and material handling.
More than 1000 were leased to the Soviet Union. They mostly used them to tow 122 mm, 152 mm and even 203 mm guns. It saw good service as a prime mover for artillery.