Hambletonian 10
| Hambletonian 10 | |
|---|---|
 Rysdyk's Hambletonian 10 | |
| Breed | Standardbred |
| Gait | Trot |
| Mile record | 2:48 1/2[1] |
| Sire | Abdallah |
| Grandsire | Mambrino |
| Dam | Charles Kent Mare |
| Damsire | Bellfounder |
| Sex | Stallion |
| Foaled | 1849 |
| Died | 1876 |
| Country | United States |
| Color | Bay |
| Breeder | Jonas Seeley, Jr. |
| Owner | William Rysdyk |
| Honors | |
| Hambletonian Stakes Harness Racing Hall of Fame Immortal (1953) | |
Hambletonian 10, or Rysdyk's Hambletonian, (May 5, 1849 – 1876) was an American trotter and a founding sire of the Standardbred horse breed. The stallion was born in Sugar Loaf, New York on 5 May 1849.[2] Hambletonian has been inducted into the Immortals category of the Harness Racing Hall of Fame.[3]
Origin and early years
Hambletonian 10 was bred by Jonas Seely, Jr. on his farm at Sugar Loaf in Orange County, New York. He was sired by Abdallah who was a grandson of the hugely influential Thoroughbred sire, Messenger. Abdallah was ugly in body and temperament, so much so that he was sold to a fish pedlar for $5. Hambletonian's dam was known as the Charles Kent Mare or the "Kent Mare" by Bellfounder (GB), an imported Norfolk Trotter.[4] Hambletonian was inbred to Messenger (GB) (1780) in the third and fourth generations (3x4x4x4).[5]
Seeley's hired hand, William Rysdyk, cared for the mare and foal. Rysdyk became so attached to the pair and was so convinced that the foal would someday be great that he asked to purchase them. Seeley finally agreed, and for $125 William Rysdyk took his prize possessions home.[6]
Hambletonian had an unusual build, being low at the withers (15.1 ¼ hh) but high at the croup (15.3 ¼). This length of hind leg provided a great deal of thrust with each stride, and he passed both characteristics on to all his get.
Racing record
Hambletonian 10, from his Standard registered number,[7] made his first public appearance at the age of six months at the nearby Orange County Fair in Goshen. He caused quite a sensation and horsemen started referring to him as "Rysdyk's Abdallah colt." Meanwhile another son of Abdallah, Abdallah Chief, owned by Seeley C. Roe, was looming as a competitor for the local stallion honors. Roe had nothing but contempt for Hambletonian, and claimed he'd never be a trotter, only a show horse. This issue was settled in 1852 at Long Island's Union Course. Hambletonian and Abdallah Chief were hitched to skeleton wagons with their owners driving. Three minutes and three seconds after the start, Hambletonian crossed the finish line ahead of his rival. Roe still wasn't satisfied and insisted on another race. A time trial was held. Abdallah Chief went the mile in 2:55½. Then Roe watched Hambletonian, in what would be the only time trial of his career, trot the mile in 2:48½.
Stud record
Hambletonian 10 began his stud career at age two when Rysdyk allowed him to cover four mares. The horse's reputation as a speed sire quickly grew and Rysdyk then placed Hambletonian at stud in Chester and bred him to mares for a fee upwards of $500 with Rysdyk making a modest fortune from the horse's services.
In the 1860s, one of his sons, Dexter, trotted the mile in 2:17¼; a record. Dexter was immediately bought for $25,000 by a Robert E. Bonner for his own private driving pleasure. A rigidly moral man, Bonner did not approve of racing or betting, so no one will ever know if Dexter could have trotted even faster. But ever since, no horse lacking lines to Hambletonian 10 in their pedigree has ever done better.
In 24 seasons at stud, between 1851 and 1875, Hambletonian produced about 1,335 foals. Through four of Hambletonian's sons (George Wilkes, Dictator, Happy Medium, and Electioneer), the lineage of virtually all North American Standardbred horses can be traced to him.[6]
Death
At age 27 on March 27, 1876, Hambletonian died. Both he and his owner, who had died in 1870, were buried in Chester, N.Y. Seventeen years after Hambletonian's death a granite monument, the gift of many people who had fond memories of the horse, was placed over his grave on Hambletonian Avenue.[6]
Honors
The Hambletonian Stakes race, the most prestigious harness race for trotters in North America, is named in honor of Hambletonian 10.
The official mascot of the Chester Academy (formerly Chester Jr/Sr High School) in Chester, NY, where Hambletonian is buried, is Hambletonian. High school sports teams are referred to as the Chester Hambletonians, and Hambletonian's image appears frequently throughout the village of Chester, NY.
The road where Hambletonian is buried, in Chester, NY, is also named Hambletonian Ave.
Pedigree
Hambletonian 10 is considered a foundation sire of the Standardbred due to his pervasive influence on modern bloodlines.[1] However, the breed is older than Hambletonian by a few generations and was formed by mixing Thoroughbred bloodlines with various trotting breeds such as the Norfolk Trotter, Canadian Pacer and Hackney horse.[8] Hambletonian's sire Abdallah, one of the fastest trotters of his time, was sired by the Thoroughbred stallion Mambrino and was out of the Norfolk Trotter mare Amazzona.[9]
| Sire Abdallah 1823 |
Mambrino† 1806 |
Messenger*† | Mambrino† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turf Mare† | |||
| Sourcrout Mare† | Sourcrout† | ||
| Whirligigg Mare† | |||
| Amazzonia‡ 1810 |
Dove† | Saratoga† | |
| Expedition Mare† | |||
| Fasdown | Messenger*† | ||
| unknown | |||
| Dam Charles Kent Mare 1834 |
Bellfounder‡ 1816 |
Old Bellfounder§ | Pretender - Wroots§ |
| Smuggler Mare§ | |||
| Velocity‡ | Haphazard† | ||
| unknown | |||
| One Eve 1815 |
Bishop's Hambletonian† | Messenger*† | |
| Pheasant† | |||
| Silvertail | Messenger*† | ||
| Black Jin (breeding unknown) |
- Hambletonian 10 was inbred 3 × 4 × 4 × 4 to the stallion Messenger, meaning the horse appears in the pedigree once in the third generation and three times in the fourth generation
† Thoroughbred
‡ Norfolk Trotter
§ Hackney
References
- ^ a b "HAMBLETONIAN". www.harnessmuseum.com. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
- ^ "Hambletonian". National Museum of American History. Retrieved January 8, 2020.
- ^ "The Horse Immortals: Gr-Ni". harnessmuseum.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2009-04-15.
- ^ Hayes FRCVS, Horace M. (1969). Points of the Horse. London: Stanley Paul. p. 425. ISBN 0-09-038711-2.
- ^ a b "Hambletonian Standardbred". www.allbreedpedigree.com. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
- ^ a b c "Hambletonian". harnessmuseum.com. Archived from the original on 2008-08-07. Retrieved 2009-04-15.
- ^ Summerhayes, R.S., “Horses and Ponies”, Warne & Co, New York, 1948
- ^ "Standardbred racing - Club Jockey du Québec". Club Jockey du Québec. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ^ "Abdallah Standardbred". www.allbreedpedigree.com. Retrieved 24 March 2017.