Monika Ertl
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Monika Ertl (August 17, 1937 – May 12, 1973), the daughter of the cameraman Hans Ertl, was a member of the armed political underground movement in Bolivia.[1]
Biography
Ertl was born in Munich. After World War II her father immigrated to Bolivia, where he continued to film for some time and became a farmer.
Monika Ertl came to Bolivia in 1952 when her father brought the family over from Germany. Her father established a new life in the farm "La Dolorida" where he was breeding livestock.[2] In Bolivia, she accompanied her father on several filming expeditions and learnt to use both a film camera and firearms.[2] Later, she entered a marriage briefly, but felt unhappy playing the "trophy wife" of a Bolivian-German mining engineer. After her divorce in 1969, she became involved with the survivors of Che Guevara's routed guerrilla movement, the National Liberation Army of Bolivia (ELN).[2] After helping out in minor occasions she finally joined the political underground. She began a relationship with the ELN leader Inti Peredo, the successor of Che Guevara. Peredo was killed by the secret service of Bolivia on 9 September 1969.[3] In Germany, she became known as "Che Guevara's avenger" because of her involvement in the 1971 murder of Colonel Roberto Quintanilla Pereira in Hamburg, Germany: although this has never been completely proven it can safely be assumed that she did shoot Quintanilla who, at the time, was serving in Hamburg as the Bolivian consul.[2] A message found at the murder scene had written the words Victory or Death a slogan by the ELN.[2] A former leader of the 'National Liberation Army' (ELN) of Bolivia, Osvaldo "Chato" Peredo, confirmed, in an interview filmed by German director Christian Baudissin in 1988, that Quintanilla was a prime target of the ELN,[citation needed] because he had been responsible for ordering the hands of Guevara's corpse be cut off and sent to La Paz for further identification.[2] He also states that Ertl "after carrying out the mission in Hamburg" returned to Cuba where she met with Régis Debray.[citation needed]
After being under covert observation in Bolivia for several days she and another guerrilla were eventually ambushed and killed by Bolivian security forces on 12 May 1973 in El Alto (in La Paz),[4] where she was reorganizing the ELN. According to Régis Debray she was also preparing the abduction of the former Gestapo Chief of Lyon Klaus Barbie to bring him to Chile and consequently to justice in France where he was wanted as a Nazi war criminal.[5] At the time Barbie was known to be an adviser of the secret police in Bolivia. Her body was not turned over to her family to be buried and she rests in an unknown grave.[citation needed]
Popular culture
- Ertl is among the prominent characters in a fictionalized account of her family, Los Afectos (Affections) by Bolivian author Rodrigo Hasbún.
- A documentary film was made called 'Wanted: Monika Ertl' about her life. The Devil's Agent: Times and Crimes of Nazi Klaus Barbie, by Peter McFarren
- Regis Debray dedicated a book to her. The Devil's Agent: Times and Crimes of Nazi Klaus Barbie, by Peter McFarren
References
- ^ Margaret Randall (1 October 2013). More Than Things. U of Nebraska Press. p. 316. ISBN 978-0-8032-4697-3.
- ^ a b c d e f SPIEGEL, Christoph Gunkel, DER. "Leben und Sterben der Monika Ertl - DER SPIEGEL - Geschichte". www.spiegel.de (in German). Retrieved 2020-05-13.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ McFarran, Peter; Iglesias, Fadrique (2013). Devil's Agent. Xlibris Corporation. pp. 297–298. ISBN 9781483636429.
- ^ "Monika Ertl (1937-1973)". Find A Grave. Retrieved 2019-09-24.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ McFarran, Peter; Iglesias, Fadrique (2013). Devil's Agent. Xlibris Corporation. p. 298. ISBN 9781483636429.
Further reading
- Christian Baudissin: Wanted: Monika Ertl, documentary 1989
- Jürgen Schreiber (journalist): Sie starb wie Che Guevara. Die Geschichte der Monika Ertl. Artemis & Winkler, Düsseldorf 2009 ISBN 978-3-538-07274-9
External links
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